Gabor小波和改进LBP的零件表面粗糙度识别

目的 为了提取零件表面图像的纹理特征并对其表面粗糙度分类识别,有效提高识别的正确率,提出了联合Gabor小波和改进局部二值模式(LBP)的纹理特征提取方法。方法 针对传统LBP算子忽略了邻域内灰度差幅值特征的问题,提出了M_LBP(magnitude considered LBP)算子。采用Gabor小波对零件表面图像滤波,并计算各子图像 Gabor幅值特征GMM(Gabor magnitude maps)。应用M_LBP算子计算各GMM的M_LBP特征谱,进而构造得到零件表面图像的纹理特征向量,最后通过KNN(K-nearest neighbor)算法对零件粗糙度分类识别。结果 本文提出的算法有效细化了表面图像纹理特征,对粗糙度差别为0.2 μm的零件识别准确率达到98%,远高于利用传统LBP算子提取的纹理信息的识别准确率。结论 本文提出了一种有效细化LBP纹理特征的M_LBP算子,并通过与Gabor小波的结合,突破了传统LBP算子尺度、方向单一,幅值信息被忽略的局限性,能实现较高精度的粗糙度识别。     

基于Andriod的人脸图像识别研究

通过Andriod移动设备获取图像,并提取图像的特征模型,采用心理学灰度公式对图像进行灰度化处理,并对图像进行二值化处理,再采用基于Android NDK机制的OpenCV(Open Source Corrputer Vision Library)识别引擎对人脸图像进行识别.     

基于边界矩和面积特征的零件图像识别方法

本文在研究和分析了零件图像特征提取技术的基础上,利用二值化的零件图像,依据Hu不变矩特征和面积特征相结合,克服了单一特征识别的局限性。从实验结果的对比可以看出,多特征识别减少了误差,具有较好的识别性能。     

基于Tesseract文字识别的预处理研究

针对Tesseract文字识别框架对输入图像的像素要求,以及图像采集过程中可能出现的歪斜、黑边等情况,基于文字识别流程,对预处理阶段的二值化、缩放、边框处理与倾斜矫正进行研究与C++代码的实现。对文字识别OCR(optical character recognition,光学字符识别)的流程进行了概述,重点研究图像缩放与二值化过程,利用双线性插值算法逐像素、逐行分别对横纵坐标进行线性插值,完成图像缩放;利用最大类间方差法、聚类的思想,遍历灰度值,获取最佳二值化阈值,实现图像的二值化。参考OpenCV库函数,提出图像边框与偏移的处理思路。在VS2015环境下基于Tesseract框架,对整个流程进行实现,介绍了Tesseract框架的接口与功能、输入与输出参数。图像的预处理对文字识别必不可少,有利于Tesseract之后的识别工作。     

基于视觉的象棋棋盘识别

基于视觉的象棋棋盘识别是象棋机器人软件的重要组成部分,其核心工作是棋盘图像二值化和棋子识别。针对棋盘全局二值化存在的问题,提出了基于相邻像素灰度差阈值的棋盘图像二值化方法;针对棋子文字方向任意的现象,提出了３种基于统计特征的棋子文字识别方法。经实验验证,这些方法处理速度快、效果理想。     

视频帧/图像中图标识别算法

针对图像/视频中提取的图标图像,提出一种基于距离变换的识别和检索算法。为减少颜色畸变带来的影响,先将图像转换为二值图标图像进行后续处理。二值图像可以通过像素点的不同空间位置分布来表现,据此提出一种基于像素点位置信息的识别检索算法,其基本思想是首先对灰度图像进行大小归一化,然后二值化得到二值图标图像;主轴旋转后利用基于形态学极限腐蚀的距离变换将二值图像中像素点的位置信息转换为不同的灰度信息,通过比较其直方图特征实现对图标的识别。实验结果表明该算法速度快、识别率高,并且具有很好的平移、尺度和旋转不变性。     

基于三帧差法与聚类算法的目标识别方法

针对三帧差法进行监控视频目标识别过程中出现目标缺失和背景冗余问题,提出了一种基于三帧差法与聚类算法相结合的运动目标识别方法。这种方法首先对两帧图像的像素进行"减"运算得到两帧图像中变化的像素值;然后确定像素的容许变化阈值并对图片进行二值化处理;最后用网格将二值化图像分为若干区域,在区域内实现聚类,从而有效地将运动目标识别出来。通过实验表明,这种方法可以弥补识别过程中缺失的目标并滤除背景中冗余的亮点。     

一种基于SURF特征的零件识别算法

针对传统零件识别系统时间效率低等问题,提出基于SURF(Speeded-Up Robust Features)特征的零件识别算法。该算法首先对零件图像进行相关预处理,然后通过SURF算法得到零件图像的特征点和相应的特征向量,最后根据零件识别任务的特点,运用近似最近邻算法ANN(Approximate Nearest Neighbor)进行特征向量的匹配搜索,得到与模板图像最相似的图像序列。通过SURF算法和ANN算法的联合使用,解决了零件在旋转、尺度、模糊和光照变化后的识别难题,实现了算法的实时性和工业化要求。实验表明,相比于传统零件识别算法,该算法在算法效率及稳定性等方面都有显著性提高。     

一种视频中字符的集成型切分与识别算法

视频文本行图像识别的技术难点主要来源于两个方面: 1)粘连字符的切分与识别问题; 2)复杂背景中字符的切分与识别问题. 为了能够同时切分和识别这两种情况中的字符, 提出了一种集成型的字符切分与识别算法. 该集成型算法首先对文本行图像二值化, 基于二值化的文本行图像的水平投影估计文本行高度. 其次根据字符笔划粘连的程度, 基于图像分析或字符识别对二值图像中的宽连通域进行切分. 然后基于字符识别组合连通域得到候选识别结果, 最后根据候选识别结果构造词图, 基于语言模型从词图中选出字符识别结果. 实验表明该集成型算法大大降低了粘连字符及复杂背景中字符的识别错误率.     

视觉导引智能车的自适应路径识别及控制研究

为了提高智能循迹小车路径识别的精度与行驶速度,提出了一种基于自适应闽值二值化的路径识别算法.首先采用OTSU算法计算出图像分割的最佳阈值,利用此闽值二值化灰度图像;然后提取二值化图像中赛道中心线,得到智能车在赛道中所处位置信息.其次利用线性回归方程对丢失赛道边缘图像拟合直线,根据图像特征完成路径识别.最后采用分段式PID算法实现方向控制,使用增量式PID进行速度调节.测试结果表明,此方法有效提高了不同路径的识别率以及对外界灯光环境的适应性.     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

Call for Papers The 6^th International Conference on Grid and Cooperative Computing

Recent years have seen rapid advances in various grid-related technologies, middleware, and applications. The GCC conference has become one of the largest scientific events worldwide in grid and cooperative computing. The 6th international conference on grid and cooperative computing (GCC2007) Sponsored by China Computer Federation (CCF),Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICT) and Xinjiang University ,and in Cooperation with IEEE Computer Soceity ,is to be held from August 16 to 18, 2007 in Urumchi, Xinjiang, China.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

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