延迟时间Petri网的验证分析

延迟时间Petri网（Delay Time Petri Nets，DTPN）是一类重要的时间扩展Petri网系统，解决了其他时间扩展Petri网（如时间Petri网）在保存时间约束时所面临的困难。可调度验证的目的是验证工作流模型时间约束的合理性，对流程实例的时间可达性进行仿真。提出一种基于DTPN的时间约束工作流验证分析方法。给出了DTPN的相关定义，并结合工作流控制结构描述了变迁可触发的时间条件；提出了DTPN触发点的概念以及基于此的验证分析算法；简要分析了DTPN的特性。DTPN的研究丰富完善了现有时间Petri网体系，具有积极的意义。     

时间Petri网的ECS-class可达性分析方法

时间Petri网(TPNs)是实时系统时间特性常用的描述和验证的Petri网模型,可达性分析是Petri网模型最基本分析方法.基于"状态类(State-class)"的可达性分析方法不能正确计算并发情况下的时间延迟,而基于"带时间戳的状态类(CS-class)"的可达性分析方法不能正确处理冲突情况下的事件调度,因此提出了"扩展的带时间戳的状态类(ECS-class)"可达性分析方法.它不仅正确的计算时间延迟,而且合理地调度事件.并对一个时间Petri网模型进行可达性分析验证.     

基于Petri网化简技术的工作流过程模型结构验证

目前,工作流系统向大型化发展,这使得基于可达图的验证技术在对大型模型进行验证时面临着状态空间爆炸的问题.因此,在过程验证之前,对大型模型进行化简是必要的.文中介绍两种化简规则.这些规则将一个大的Petri网化简为更小的Petri网,同时保持合理性属性,保证化简后的Petfi网和原有的Petri网具有相同的属性.介绍了Petri网、Workflow Petri网和过程合理性定义;讨论了针对Petri网的两种化简技术;提出了工作流过程模型结构合理性验证过程.     

担保业务管理系统工作流的Petri网建模

应用Petri网建模与工作流技术,构建了担保业务管理系统工作流的Petri网模型,并对一个担保业务管理系统工作流实例,给出了基于Petri网化简分析方法的模型化简与性质验证,表明该模型能够对担保业务管理系统工作流进行有效的分析和验证,从而为担保业务管理系统工作流分析提供了理论基础。     

Petri网的对偶性质

位置/变迁(P/T)网是一个常用的Petri网类,它具有动态、并发和图形直观性等良好特性。因此,这类Petri网作为系统模拟与分析的有效工具已在众多领域中得到广泛应用。但对于大系统的分析也是Petri网方法遇到的一个难题。目前处理方法一般有两种:一是Petri网化简方法,即在保持网的某些性质不变的前提下,将一个复杂Petri网化为较简单的Petri网;二是通过一些较为简单的小网,利用某种运算或组合而得到较为复杂的大网,且在组合过程中,保持网的某些性质不变。但对Petri网的某些结构性质如活性,即使     

基于Petri网的嵌入式软件组件的实时性研究

根据嵌入式系统软件的特点和发展需求,设计了一种新的嵌入式软件组件模型SECOM,给出了模型的基本组成元素。同时,利用时间Petri网TPN建立一个TPN计时器timer,对该组件模型SECOM非功能性约束中的实时性进行建模与分析,形式化地验证了该组件的实时性。     

Petri网化简操作及其在系统验证中的应用

针对柔性制造系统的验证问题，提出了用Petri网化简操作解决问题的方案。给出了两种化简操作。研究了这两种化简操作的动态性质保持问题，给出了化简后的Petri网保持活性、有界性、可回复性的一组充分条件或充要条件。对一个柔性制造系统进行了验证。本文的结果可为Petri网系统静态和动态性质的考察提供有效途径，为复杂大系统的分析提供重要手段，并特别适合于柔性制造系统的验证，具有一定的实用价值。     

时间Petri网等效变换的工作流评价

时间性能分析是工作流模型分析和评价的重要方面.首先介绍了业务过程的一般Petri网模型,然后引入时间Petri网建立工作流网的时间约束模型.提出了保持网时间约束特性不变的网变换规则和时间性能计算方法,对工作流网进行化简及时间性能计算,并给出了相应的算法.最后通过一个实例说明本方法的应用过程.     

基于Time Petri Nets的实时系统资源冲突检测

Time Petri Nets在实时系统的建模和性能分析中得到广泛应用,而冲突是Petri网及其扩展模型的重要行为,解决冲突是正确分析模型动态行为的关键.目前随机Petri网、混合Petri网和区间速率连续Petri网的冲突检测方法由于没有考虑到时间约束因此无法在TPN网中使用.时间约束的引入使得Time Petri Nets模型的使能和触发语义比Petri网模型的语义复杂,冲突检测变得更加困难.为了计算冲突发生的时间和概率,首先根据时间约束,给出了变迁持续使能时延迟区间的计算方法,并证明了该方法的合理性和完备性;然后在此基础上定义并证明了Time Petri Nets模型中不冲突的检测方法;并提出了Time Petri Nets模型的冲突检测方法,给出了冲突时间区间和变迁实施概率的计算方法;最后通过实例验证说明了该方法的正确性和有效性.     

时间Petri网保持活性、有界性的两个充要条件

活性和有界性是Petri网最重要的性质，对于传统Petri网的这些性质，国内外学者作过大量的研究工作，并且得到了不少成果，而对含时间因素的Petri网的这些相应性质国内外研究得很少。本文首先介绍了时间Petri网TPN的若干基本定义，然后说明了时间Petri网TPN的活性、有界性和对应传统Petri网的相应性质并无关系，接着给出了时间Petri网保持活性、有界性的时间区间上的两个充分强要条件。为利用传统Petri网的性质判定结果来判定时间Petri网的相应性质提供了可能性。     

Compositional time Petri nets and reduction rules

This paper introduces compositional time Petri net (CTPN) models. A CTPN is a modularized time Petri net (TPN), which is composed of components and connectors. The paper also proposes a set of component-level reduction rules for TPNs. Each of these reduction rules transforms a TPN component to a very simple one while maintaining the net's external observable timing properties. Consequently, the proposed method works at a coarse level rather than at an individual transition level. Therefore, one requires significantly fewer applications to reduce the size of the TPN under analysis than those existing ones for TPNs. The use and benefits of CTPNs and reduction rules are illustrated by modeling and analyzing the response time of a command and control system to its external arriving messages.     

Reduction methods for real-time systems using Delay Time Petri Nets

We present a new net-reduction methodology to facilitate the analysis of real-time systems using Delay Time Petri Nets (DTPNs). Net reduction is one of the most important techniques for reducing the state-explosion problem of Petri nets. However, the application of net reduction to current timed-extensions of Petri nets (such as Merlin's Time PNs) is very limited due to the difficulty faced in the preservation of timing constraints. To overcome this problem, we introduce DTPNs which are inspired by Merlin's (1976) Time PNs, Senac's (1994) Hierarchical Time Stream PNs, and Little's (1991) Timed PNs. We show that DTPNs are much more suitable for net reduction. Then, we present a new set of DTPN reduction rules for the analysis of schedule and deadlock analysis. Our work is distinct from the others since our goal is to analyze real-time systems and the reduction methods we propose preserve both timing properties (schedule) and deadlock. To evaluate our framework, we have implemented an automated analysis tool whose main functions include net reduction and class-graph generation. The experimental results show that our net-reduction methodology leads to a significant contribution to the efficient analysis of real-time systems     

函数库中过程间数据流预分析

过程间数据流分析在软件优化,软件维护,软件测试中均有大量的应用。在编写使用可重用组件的软件时,对整个程序进行数据流分析的方法效率低下甚至由于没有库的源代码而不能直接分析。本文是在已有的组件库上构建新组件时进行数据流分析,通过计算新建库的概要信息,并使用这些概要信息分析新的组件,这样使用库中预先计算的概要函数能够在较小的分析成本下构建可扩展的大的库组件。     

On the composition of time Petri nets

Complex systems are often designed and built from smaller pieces, called components. Components are open sub-systems meant to be combined (or composed) to form other components or closed systems. It is well known that Petri nets allow such a component based modeling, relying on parallel composition and transition synchronization. However, synchronizing transitions that carry temporal constraints does not yield a compositional method for assembling components, a highly desirable property. The paper addresses this particular problem: how to build complex systems in a compositional manner from components specified by Time Petri nets (TPN). A first solution is proposed, adequate for a particular subclass of Time Petri nets but significantly increasing the complexity of components. Then an improved solution is developed, relying on an extension of Time Petri nets with two relations added on transitions. This latter solution requires a much simpler transformation of nets, does not significantly increase their complexity, and is applicable to a larger class of TPN.     

Reduction rules for time Petri nets

The goal of net reduction is to increase the effectiveness of Petri-netbased real-time program analysis. Petri-net-based analysis, like all reachabilitybased methods, suffers from the state explosion problem. Petri net reduction is one key method for combating this problem. In this paper, we extend several rules for the reduction of ordinary Petri nets to work with time Petri nets. We introduce a notion of equivalence among time Petri nets, and prove that our reduction rules yield equivalent nets. This notion of equivalence guarantees that crucial timing and concurrency properties are preserved.     

Reduction rules for time Petri nets

 The goal of net reduction is to increase the effectiveness of Petri-net-based real-time program analysis. Petri-net-based analysis, like all reachability-based methods, suffers from the state explosion problem. Petri net reduction is one key method for combating this problem. In this paper, we extend several rules for the reduction of ordinary Petri nets to work with time Petri nets. We introduce a notion of equivalence among time Petri nets, and prove that our reduction rules yield equivalent nets. This notion of equivalence guarantees that crucial timing and concurrency properties are preserved. Received September 12, 1994/July 4, 1995     

Oris: a tool for modeling, verification and evaluation of real-time systems

Oris is a tool for qualitative verification and quantitative evaluation of reactive timed systems, which supports modeling and analysis of various classes of timed extensions of Petri Nets. As most characterizing features, Oris implements symbolic state space analysis of preemptive Time Petri Nets, which enable schedulability analysis of real-time systems running under priority preemptive scheduling; and stochastic Time Petri Nets, which enable an integrated approach to qualitative verification and quantitative evaluation. In this paper, we present the current version of the tool and we illustrate its application to two different case studies in the areas of qualitative verification and quantitative evaluation, respectively.