数字图象实时采集与显示系统

数字图象处理技术在航空和航天及工业、医疗、公安和科研教学等领域得到了广泛的应用。随着大规模集成电路的飞速发展、计算机性能的提高，图象处理技术及设备得到了很大的发展和提高。我们针对科研和教学的需要，研制了一套性能高、软硬结合、处理速度快的通用微机图象处理系统。该图象处理系统具有如下特点：图象实时采集功能：高速A／D变换，可在40ms内将一幅摄像机输入的模拟图象变成256个灰度级的512×512×8bit数字图象。．图象存储：将实时采集的图象存储在图象帧存储体。．图象显示：采集的图象可以在显示器上实时显示。．能与各种…     

基于小波包变换的遥感图象融合

为了能够更好地把来自多传感器的图象信息综合起来，以提高对图象信息的分析和提取能力，在研究了小波包图象分析法之后，提出了一种基于小波包变换的图象融合方法，由于小波包变换能对图象进行多层次分解，包括对小波变换没有细分的高频部分也能进行进一步的分解，因此小波包分析能够为图象提供一种比小波多分辨分析更加精细的分析方法，利用此融合算法将由多传感器获得的同一目标不同波段的遥感图象和不同分辨率的遥感图象进行融合后得到的融合图象，能够很好地将源图象的细节融合在一起，通过与该融合图象进行主观与客观的评价比较，证明该融合方法可以获得更好的融合效果。     

道路车辆数字图象采集系统

论述了一种用于公路交通管理的数字图象采集和查询系统．此系统采用了视频信号复合编码和ＡＤＰＣＭ压缩存储技术解决大容量数字图象的实时存储问题，研制了相应的图象采集硬件，并由此硬件构成了道路车辆多微机图象采集系统．此系统具有简洁、可靠、免维护和低成本等特点．     

基于复值小波分解的图象拼合

图象拼合是一种基于图象的场景编码方法，它被很多基于图象的绘制IBR（image based rendering）系统采用，用来建立复杂的虚拟场景表示（例如，360°球面和柱面全景图、环境映照及高分辨率图象等）.基于复值小波多分辨率分解(Complex Wavelet Multiresolution Decomposition)提出了一种有效的图象拼合方法，它能同时地、逐步求精地对图象进行匹配和整合.首先，采用复值小波变换不仅可以保证全局优化的结果，还能够满足图象整合的规模不变和平移不变性.其次，基于多分辨     

基于小波变换的图像感知熵编码

本文提出一种基于小波变换的图象感和熵量化编码方法，此法首先通过小波变换将图像在频率域内进行分解；然后在充分考虑人眼对图象的视觉效果的基础上对小波系一化和行程编码；最后针对小波系一化和行程编码所得的码字分布特性，采用感知熵编码实现编码码率趋近于图象的感知熵，采用该方法可在保证一定图象质量的情况下，消除冗余信息，提高图象编码的压缩比。     

多通道小波在掌纹图象几何变换与消噪中的应用

提出了三通道小波变换的思路，解决了实际应用中获得的掌纹图象，由于采样问题而产生严重几何变形的校正问题，采用QMF的方法构造出多通道小波滤波器组，三通道小波分解后进行二插值重建对数字图象进行重采样，从而达到图象几何变换的目的，小波变换有分频的特性，在对图象进行几何变换处理的同时，也对采样效应引起的噪声（Morie条纹）进行了消除，掌纹图象经过处理后的效果令人满意，从而证明方案可行。     

基于小波变换的图象感知熵编码

本文提出了一种基于小波变换的图象感知熵量化编码方法，此法首先通过小波变换将图象在频率域内进行分解；然后在充分考虑人眼对图象的视觉效果的基础上对小波系数进行量化和行程编码；最后针对小波系数量化和行程编码所得的码字分布特性，采用感知熵编码实现编码码率趋近于图象的感知熵，采用该方法可在保证一定图象质量的情况下，消除冗余信息，提高图家编码的压缩比。     

基于小波分析的矿井监控系统中图象压缩的实现

针对矿井安全、生产监控系统中需要扩展图象监控的问题 ,论述了应用小波分析进行图象压缩的一般系统构成 ,对实时采集的图象数据运用二维小波分析方法进行压缩、存储 ;用MATLAB编程实现图象的压缩。     

图象小波分解方式的改进及应用

在传统图象小波分解方式的基础上,提出一种改进的图象小波分解方法,并将它应用到图象压缩编码方案中去减少了运算杂度,实验结果也表明,该方案在不影响图象质量的前提下提高了压缩比,具有广阔的应用前景。     

基于树状小波分解的纹理图象检索

针对图象检索应具有简单、快速、有效等要求,提出了一种采用树状小波分解特征的纹理图象检索方法,该方法可以在相应的能量准则下,自适应地对图象进行了带分解,同时可利用小波函数分解的多分辨率与多方向特性,来形成能够在一定程度上对图象进行精确描述的特征矢量;在此基础上,又采用基于图象特征值的主分量分析方法,有效降低了特征矢量的维数;另外,基于用户需求的分层检索,还满足了用户不同层次的需求。实验结果表明,该算法快速,有效,具有较强的应用价值。     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.     

Editorial: Special issue on recent advances in hybrid control theory and applications

正The demands of a rapidly advancing technology for faster and more accurate controllers have always had a strong influence on the progress of automatic control theory.In recent years control problems have been arising with increasing frequency in widely different areas,which cannot be addressed using conventional control techniques.The principal reason for this is the fact that a highly competitive economy is forcing systems to operate in regimes where     

Information for Authors

正Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)areedited by the international board of distinguished Chinese andforeign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest devel-opments and achievements in scientific research in China andoverseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulateand promote academic exchange between Chinese and for-eign scientists everywhere.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.