一种基于逆转算子的求解TSP问题的改进演化算法

使用逆转算子求解TSP的演化算法具有很强全局搜索能力,在求解TSP问题中显示了巨大的优势。但是,该算法同样存在执行效率低、最终得到的最优个体整体质量不高等缺陷。在对算法和TSP问题进行分析的基础上,对算法进行三方面的改进:就近选择;动态变异概率;基于较优个体的贪婪搜索。实验结果表明:经过改进的算法提高了执行效率,能够改善算法得到的最优个体的整体质量。     

一种求解TSP问题的新算法

为了求解TSP问题,提出了一种新的遗传算法。它利用距离密集度和适应度定义了自适应的交叉和变异概率,采用改进的交换启发交叉算子,产生不差于父代的个体。根据最优和次优个体的差异,采用2变换法产生新个体或者进行模拟退火操作,局部搜索加快了算法向最优个体靠近的速度。仿真实验表明新算法是一种求解TSP问题的有效方法。     

基于分段混合蛙跳算法的旅行商问题求解

针对旅行商问题(TSP)在搜索后期解的多样性和精度下降的问题,提出一种解决TSP问题的分段混合蛙跳算法(S-SFLA)。该算法在搜索初期利用逆转变异算子减少交叉路径,在搜索的后期引入邻域搜索(个体邻域,局部最优领域,全局最优邻域)增加种群多样性。在整个搜索过程中记忆全局历史最优解与局部历史最优解,进行全局更新和局部更新,避免迂回搜索。在局部更新中,每一个青蛙都有机会得到更新。实验结果表明,与遗传算法、蚁群算法、基本蛙跳算法相比,S-SFLA算法在求解中等规模的TSP问题上具有更快的搜索速度和更高的求解精度。     

改进的智能蚁群算法在TSP问题中的应用

研究旅行商领域优化路径问题,解决目前蚁群算法易陷入局部最优、搜索时间长等问题.为加快算法的速度优化结果,提出了一种改进的求解TSP问题的智能蚁群优化算法.算法前期采用了一种最近节点选择策略对路径进行优化,提高了搜索效率,使之适应大规模问题求解;后期改进了基本蚁群算法中信息素、挥发因子的更新规则,通过改进使得每轮搜索后信息素的增量能更好地反映求解的质量,有效地避免陷入局部最优,加快了收敛.通过改进后的蚁群算法,对TSPLIB中部分问题的仿真结果表明,在避免陷入局部最优和缩短搜索时间方面都取得了很好的效果.证明采取的优化蚁群算法,是可行有效的.     

一种面向对象的多角色蚁群算法及其TSP 问题求解

蚁群算法的改进大多从算法本身入手或与其他算法相结合,未充分利用待解决问题所包含的信息,提升效果较为有限.对此,提出一种面向对象的多角色蚁群算法.该算法充分利用旅行商问题(TSP)对象的空间信息,采用k-均值聚类将城市划分为不同类别;同时,对蚁群进行角色划分,不同角色的蚁群针对城市类别关系执行各自不同的搜索策略,增强了蚁群的搜索能力,较大幅度地提高了求解质量.每进行一次迭代,仅各角色最优个体进行信息素更新,防止算法退化为随机的贪婪搜索.将精英策略与跳出局部最优相结合可避免算法的停滞.50个经典TSP实例仿真实验表明:所提出的算法可以在较少的迭代次数内获得或非常接近于问题的已知最优解;对于大规模TSP问题所得结果也远超所对比的算法.     

蚁群遗传算法对于TSP问题的应用

遗传算法和蚁群算法是两种具有代表性的智能算法。在解决组合优化问题时,遗传算法具有较快的全局搜索能力,但在解决规模较大的TSP问题时存在一定缺陷,不能取得全局最优解。相反蚁群算搜索速度相对较慢,但有着较高的准确性,对于大规模问题有较好的效果。本文改进了两种算法,将蚁群算法与遗传算法融化起来。首先借助遗传算法的快速搜索能力,快速接近最优解,通过求解结果为蚁群算法设置初始信息量,再借助蚁群算法进行最终结果的求解,得到最优解。经过计算机仿真发现,在一定情况下,新的改进算法对TSP问题的求解能力有一定提高。     

文化基因算法求解TSP问题的研究

TSP是组合优化问题中著名的NP-hard问题。针对粒子群算法求解离散的TSP问题收敛速度慢,求解精度低,易于陷入局部最优和模拟退火算法的性能与参数初始值有关及参数敏感等不足,提出了将改进的粒子群算法作为全局搜索策略,改进的模拟退火算法作为局部搜索策略的文化基因算法。介绍了两种算法的协同方法,定义了局部搜索邻域的确定以及在新种群产生中引入自组织随机移民策略。仿真结果表明,改进算法在求解TSP问题中具有很快的收敛速度,且能搜索到最优解。     

一种改进的智能蚁群优化算法

为了提高基本蚁群算法（Ant Colony Algorithm）的全局求解能力,对基本蚁群算法进行了改进,提出了一种高效的智能蚁群优化算法。它修改了基本蚁群算法中信息素、挥发因子的更新规则,使得每轮搜索后信息素的增量能更好地反映解的质量,有效地避免陷入局部最优,以加快收敛;另外,采用了一种最近节点选择策略使之适应大规模问题求解,对路径进行优化,提高搜索效率。通过对TSP问题的仿真结果表明,改进后的蚁群算法在求解最优解和收敛性能方面都取得了很好的效果。     

一种结合局部搜索策略的求解TSP的演化算法

介绍了一种结合局部搜索策略的求解流动旅行商问题（TSP）的演化算法。该算法的主要思想是将局部搜索策略在邻域内搜索的快速性与演化方法在全局搜索上的鲁棒性结合起来，从而跳离局部最优。将该算法用于TSPLIB中部分TSP实例上的试验结果表明：与传统的各种求解TSP的演化方法相比，该算法在获得全局最优解的精确度上有了一定的改善。     

基于QPSO方法优化求解TSP

针对粒子群优化算法PSO求解旅行商问题TSP收敛速度不够快的缺陷,提出利用量子粒子群优化算法QPSO求解TSP,在交换子和交换序概念的基础上,以Matlab语言为开发工具实现了TSP最佳路径的求解.实验表明改造QPSO算法用于优化求解14点的TSP,能够迅速得到最优解,收敛速度加快,搜索效率得到较大水平提高;QPSO方法在求解组合优化问题中将非常有效.     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

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Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate