自动化集装箱码头轨道式龙门起重机远程作业系统的实现

针对自动化集装箱码头中自动化轨道式龙门起重机(ARMG)对集卡远程作业的要求,基于以太网构建了ARMG远程作业系统。介绍了集装箱码头装卸系统和ARMG远程作业系统网络结构,详细阐述了ARMG远程作业系统各个部分的实现。实际使用表明,ARMG远程作业系统实现了操作员在中控室对多台ARMG的远程作业,提高了作业效率,改善了工作环境,为自动化码头和轨道式龙门起重机远程作业系统的实现提供了参考。     

数据仓库整合业务流程

上海集装箱码头有限公司(简称SCT)是由上海港集装箱股份有限公司与香港和记黄埔上海港口投资有限公司共同投资组建的,是全国交通系统第一家合资企业。作为高速发展的产业,当代集装箱运输业要求码头不断提高装卸效率,采用计算机信息化管理,加快建设和实现集装箱装卸与传送的自动化,并加紧开展多式联运,才能得到更快发展,赢得市场。SCT现拥有宝山、张华浜、军工路3个国际集装箱专用码头,为了进一步优化作业系统,提高工作效率和分析作业系统存在问题的能力,SCT自行开发了公司码头营运系统(TOPS系统),它通过降低成本,完善作业流程,加强了信息流通和企业管理,使得SCT的管理水平始终居于国内港口的领先地位。     

基于多智能体的集装箱码头装卸设备协同调度

针对集装箱装卸设备作业相互耦合的特点,设计了基于多智能体的协同调度优化模型。首先应用带有阻塞限制的混合流水车间模型构建了调度模型,随后应用蚁群算法得到初始方案,最后应用多智能体的合同网机制对方案进行调整。仿真结果显示,该调度方法具有较好的可行性。     

集装箱码头三维仿真组件平台

为直观、形象地研究集装箱码头生产优化问题,采用三维仿真的方法实现集装箱码头物流信息与作业过程的可视化．基于不同业务流程的仿真要求,合理地划分静态布局、装卸设备、装卸对象、码头操作、运动学解算、数据访问、通信接口和图形渲染等组件的粒度;建立层次结构形式的组件平台,体现客观对象的逻辑关系;遵循标准COM＋规范设计岸桥、场桥和集卡等集装箱码头主要三维仿真组件．以上海振华重工（集团）股份有限公司自动化集装箱码头为例验证该组件平台的可操作性,结果表明该方法对集装箱码头装卸工艺的改进和管理水平的提升具有实际指导意义．     

基于MAS的多AGV自动化立体仓库系统设计

结合多台AGV的烟叶配方自动化立体仓库系统的设计,在Multi—Agent系统（MAS）和智能AGV的相关研究的基础上,探讨了在自动化立体仓库系统中应用AGV作为执行智能体实现多智能体协作的自动化仓库系统。采用MAS方法建立了自动化仓库系统模型,并详述了规划Agent和AGV—Agent的实现。该系统的设计提高了企业生产效率,对相关实际应用具有重要意义。     

基于多智能体的企业生产运作系统仿真与实现

基于多智能体技术建立1个智能化的企业生产运作仿真平台,在为每个智能体（如库存管理、生产计划、采购管理等）赋予生产运作各种知识的基础上,建立不同的决策模型;通过智能体自身的决策以及多智能体系统（multi—agent system,MAS）的协同合作,仿真企业的生产运作过程。研究该仿真系统中智能体的任务、协作机制,并依此观测企业内的物流、信息流以及资金流等的运行状况,仿真结果表明该系统能更真实地体现企业的实际运作状况。     

MAS理论下集卡动态调度系统研究

集卡是集装箱码头中装卸货物的载体,合理的集卡调度对提高集装箱码头物流系统运作效率、缓解港区内交通阻塞、提高设备利用率具有重要的意义。针对码头集卡运作的特性,提出了基于MAS（Multiple Agent System）理论的集卡调度模型。运用Arena仿真软件对模型进行了仿真研究,并与以往文献基于其他方法的仿真结果进行了对比,表明了模型的可行性和有效性。     

考虑能耗节约的集装箱码头双小车岸桥与AGV联合配置及调度优化

合理调度集装箱码头的装卸设备以减少生产过程中的能耗, 对实现其低碳绿色化发展具有重要意义. 针对集装箱码头向自动化发展过程中的双小车岸桥与AGV (Automated guided vehicle)联合配置及调度问题, 考虑AGV续航时间、双小车岸桥中转平台容量和堆场缓冲支架容量约束, 以岸桥的能耗最小为第一阶段模型的优化目标, 以AGV运输过程的能耗最小为第二阶段目标建立两阶段优化模型; 设计枚举法求解第一阶段模型, 改进遗传算法求解第二阶段优化模型. 以洋山四期自动化集装箱码头为例进行实验分析, 针对不同船舶在港总装卸时间和AGV配置原则进行实验, 验证了模型和算法的有效性, 结果表明以最小化能耗为目标的双小车岸桥与AGV联合调度可在岸桥主小车不延误的前提下, 显著减少AGV的配置数量.     

集装箱码头装卸作业的调度控制模型及算法设计

对集装箱码头上装卸作业的调度控制直接影响码头的整体运营效率．本文研究了集装箱码头装卸作业的调度控制问题,提出了一个基于柔性化flow shop的集成化控制模型．该问题具有非线性规划(NP：non- polynomial)难度,因此本文开发设计了两类基于优先级规则的启发式调度算法．利用该模型来对码头中多种装卸设备进行总体调度可以提高设备之间的协调性,提高码头效率,降低成本．实验研究证明算法能有效地解决该问题．     

基于时间窗的双小车岸桥与AGV协调调度研究

针对自动化集装箱码头（automated container terminals,ACT）的自动导引车 ( automatic guided vehicle,AGVs) 与自动化双小车岸桥（double-trolley quay cranes,QCs）协调调度优化问题,以上海洋山港四期工程的实际布局和装卸工艺为基础,考虑装卸同时进行条件下以最小化任务总完工时间为目标,建立带有时间窗约束的双小车岸桥和AGV的协调调度模型,并采用遗传算法对实际算例进行求解。通过灵敏度分析,验证了该模型及算法的有效性,并对遗传算法参数设置的有效性进行检验。结果分析表明,该调度方法有助于提高自动化集装箱码头的作业效率,减少集装箱船的在港时间,提高码头竞争力。     

面向哈佛体系结构的集装箱码头场桥作业调度

集装箱码头堆场作业调度问题一直是国内外相关研究的热点和难点,但由于码头作业的动态性、开放性、强耦合性和复杂性,堆场主要装卸设备场桥的调度配置问题一直未能有较好的解决方案。故提出面向哈佛体系结构的基于Agent建模和仿真模式,并将计算机操作系统中的磁盘臂调度算法和基于仿真的优化思想引入到上述模型中。通过构建相应的多Agent系统仿真得出敏捷高效鲁棒的场桥调度和配置解决方案,从而帮助集装箱码头提高服务水平和竞争力。     

MAS在集装箱港口决策支持系统中应用研究

针对集装箱港口物流运作系统的动态性、随机性、分治性和复杂性的特点,建立了以多Agent技术为核心的集装箱港口生产调度系统,以促进集装箱码头各个子系统之间的相互协调,提高集装箱码头设备利用率和码头年吞吐量。系统基于J2EE平台,采用B/S多层架构技术和MVC开发模式。通过在某港口的试运行,表明该系统具有良好的可管理性、可扩展性和可维护性,为集装箱港口物流运作管理提供了良好的技术支持。     

A practical approach for active camera coordination based on a fusion-driven multi-agent system

In this paper, we propose a multi-agent system architecture to manage spatially distributed active (or pan-tilt-zoom) cameras. Traditional video surveillance algorithms are of no use for active cameras, and we have to look at different approaches. Such multi-sensor surveillance systems have to be designed to solve two related problems: data fusion and coordinated sensor-task management. Generally, architectures proposed for the coordinated operation of multiple cameras are based on the centralisation of management decisions at the fusion centre. However, the existence of intelligent sensors capable of decision making brings with it the possibility of conceiving alternative decentralised architectures. This problem is approached by means of a MAS, integrating data fusion as an integral part of the architecture for distributed coordination purposes. This paper presents the MAS architecture and system agents.     

A bio-inspired mobile agent-based integrated system for flexible autonomic job shop scheduling

This paper presents a bio-inspired mobile agent-based integrated system for flexible autonomic job shop scheduling. The system matches the autonomic system architecture, inspired by the autonomic nervous system and proposed by the IBM, and has the IBM-defined fundamental self-managing properties, so that it can manage itself with little human intervention. The system conforms to the IEEE FIPA (Foundation for Intelligent Physical Agents) standard. Therefore, the interoperability between agents of the system and agents from many active heterogeneous FIPA compliant agent platforms can be ensured. The system supports the execution of C/C++ mobile agent codes. Thus, it is applicable to a variety of applications, especially for distributed mechatronic and embedded systems. In addition, since the system is composed of agents, including stationary and mobile agents, the system has a high scalability and flexibility to integrate and adopt various scheduling models and algorithms for different scheduling requirements. An overall architecture of the system and critical implementation details about the agency and agents in the system are presented in this article. An energy saving job shop scheduling example is used to validate one autonomic property of the system.     

智能控制中的多Agent系统

根据智能控制的安全、经济和舒适三大目标,提出一种新的基于BACnet(楼宇自动控制网络数据通信协议)的MAS(多Agent系统)框架．此框架通过不同层次、不同功能的Agent的自治能力及协作协调,使得智能控制系统的各个相对分散的子系统能够有效地结合在一起．全局Agent负责整体功能的实现,而每个子系统均设置自身的Agent组．此外,还提出了基于MAS框架的SAS(安防自动化系统)逻辑结构,同时遵循FIPA(智能物理Agent基金)标准设计了此MAS系统的Agent通信语言,并对SAS系统进行了重点分析和研究,包括CCTV(闭路电视监控)系统和基于Auto-ID(自动识别)的系统．     

多智能体系统支撑环境MAS/TH-5

ＭＡＳ／ＴＨ－５系统是具有一定开放性的支持ＭＡＳ构造与集成的支撑环境,它将开发与运行环境集为一体,形成整体解决方案．同时,文中所构造的具有实际应用价值的Ａｇｅｎｔ模型,为支撑环境提供了理论和技术基础．这种模型具有理性平衡的特点．该模型还为用户提供了建立其他Ａｇｅｎｔ模型的一般性框架,可以满足ＭＡＳ系统中Ａｇｅｎｔ交互的需求．在支撑环境上,文中所设计的Ａｇｅｎｔ语言具有描述ＢＤＩ等思维状态的能力,可处理较复杂的实际应用问题．     

An application perspective evaluation of multi-agent system in versatile environments

Multi-agent systems (MAS) based computing is the most appropriate paradigm for the problem domain, where data, control, expertise or resources are distributed and also it is interesting to the user only if the technologies address the issues of interest to the user. The MAS has the hypothesis that the agent based computing offers better approach to manage the complex systems and process. They are large-scale systems and collaborate with one another to achieve their functions in a highly modular and flexible way. In this point of view, the work presented in this paper is an enhanced attempt to validate the MAS based on application perspective. As a test-bed, a distributed MAS for software testing is constructed such that to provide a hybrid testing environment based on variety of agents, which possibly incorporate several testing techniques. The developed framework is validated on two perspectives namely, efficiency of the application domain, i.e. software testing using MAS and efficiency of the proposed framework. The validation of the later case has been carried out on two conditions: regular working environment and exceptional working environment. The second type of validation provided the guidelines for implementing proper exception handling mechanism in the enhanced MAS, which is being developed for software testing Purpose.     

多Agent系统的技术研究

多Agent系统是由多个智能Agent组成的有机系统,这使得它具有比单个Agent更强大的处理能力。它表出自组织性、鲁棒性、分布性以及很强的复杂行为。文中论述了Agent和多Agent系统的有关理论、方法和技术。主要包括智能Agent的特性、结构和推理;介绍多Agent系统的体系结构分类和常见的几种通信机制;以及面向Agent的程序设计的现状和发展。     

An abstract knowledge based approach to diagnosis and recovery of plan failure in multi-agent systems

Open multi-agent systems (MAS) are decentralised and distributed systems that consist of a large number of loosely coupled autonomous agents. In the absence of centralised control they tend to be difficult to manage, especially in an open environment, which is dynamic, complex, distributed and unpredictable. This dynamism and uncertainty in an open environment gives rise to unexpected plan failures. In this paper we present an abstract knowledge based approach for the diagnosis and recovery of plan action failures. Our approach associates a sentinel agent with each problem solving agent in order to monitor the problem solving agent’s interactions. The proposed approach also requires the problem solving agents to be able to report on the status of a plan’s actions.Once an exception is detected the sentinel agents start an investigation of the suspected agents. The sentinel agents collect information about the status of failed plan abstract actions and knowledge about agents’ mental attitudes regarding any failed plan. The sentinel agent then uses this abstract knowledge and the agents’ mental attitudes, to diagnose the underlying cause of the plan failure. The sentinel agent may ask the problem solving agent to retry their failed plan based on the diagnostic result.