有界扰动下约束非线性系统鲁棒经济模型预测控制EI北大核心CSCD

针对未知但有界扰动下约束非线性系统,提出一种新的鲁棒经济模型预测控制(Economic model predictive control,EMPC)策略,保证闭环系统对扰动输入具有输入到状态稳定性(Input-to-state stability,ISS).基于微分对策原理,分别优化经济目标函数和关于最优经济平衡点的鲁棒稳定性目标函数,其中经济最优性与鲁棒稳定性是具有冲突的两个控制目标.利用鲁棒稳定性目标最优值函数构造EMPC优化的隐式收缩约束,建立鲁棒EMPC的递推可行性和闭环系统关于最优经济平衡点相对于有界扰动输入到状态稳定性结果.最后以连续搅拌反应器为例,对比仿真验证本文策略的有效性.     

约束非线性系统输入到状态稳定经济型模型预测控制

考虑约束非线性系统经济型最优控制问题,提出一种关于经济性能输入到状态稳定的经济型模型预测控制(EMPC)策略.通过离线计算系统的最优经济稳态点,构建关于该稳态点跟踪的稳定最优控制问题.在此基础上,利用稳定最优控制问题的最优值函数和关于经济性能函数的松弛量构造EMPC优化问题的收缩约束,再结合不变集原理和输入到状态稳定性...     

性能维持的增广可行域Tube鲁棒经济模型预测控制

针对未知但有界扰动作用下的约束线性系统,提出一种性能维持的增广可行域Tube经济模型预测控制(tube economic model predictive control,TEMPC)策略.首先考虑经济性能优化目标和鲁棒稳定控制目标,构造TEMPC优化问题的隐式收缩约束,并对系统状态和控制约束进行紧缩Tube设计,给出增广可行域优化问题的数学描述;然后,引入线性分解增广名义终端状态和终端罚函数,扩大优化问题的初始可行域,在此基础上应用终端“三要素”和收缩原理,建立TEMPC策略的递推可行性和闭环系统关于最优经济平衡点有界稳定性的充分性条件,进而证明闭环性能在原初始可行域上的不变性;最后,通过对比仿真结果验证所提出策略的有效性和优越性.     

优先级多目标稳定化约束模型预测控制

针对目标函数的不同优先级问题, 提出一种约束多变量线性定常系统的稳定化多目标模型预测控制策略. 首先, 基于多目标优化理论给出多目标预测控制问题的字典序最优解结果, 并在此基础上考虑目标函数的优先级, 重 新将多目标预测控制问题定义为字典序多目标预测控制问题; 然后, 采用终端约束、终端罚函数和局部状态反馈律 等三要素, 证明多目标预测控制闭环系统是渐近稳定的; 最后, 通过一个仿真实例验证了所提出方法的有效性.

     

切换非线性系统全局优化运行的经济预测控制

切换非线性系统在不同模式间平稳切换和经济切换是全局优化运行的主要需求.针对不同模式有限时域下控制算法可行域未必存在交集的系统,提出了对应的经济预测控制算法（Economic model predictive control,EMPC）及切换策略.切换发生时,该方法在实时优化层求解和更新可行中间点,并构造基于耗散的局部EMPC辅助性能指标,在考虑中间点稳定性问题上使其尽可能逼近原经济性能.在先进控制层,利用局部EMPC将状态逐次稳定至中间点,同时利用中间点问题得到的最优轨迹保证模式间的经济切换.最后,分析了切换过程的暂态经济性.该方法实际可操作性强,仿真结果说明了方法的有效性.     

基于集结策略的非线性稳定预测控制器

针对有约束非线性系统预测控制在线计算量大的问题，引入集结策略降低其在线计算量并重点讨论了系统的稳定性问题．指出当控制器的终端状态处于某集合内且集结衰减系数的上界满足一定条件时，其最优目标函数递减．进而提出了一个双模控制律，可使系统渐近稳定．最后，通过仿真对该结论进行了验证．     

有界扰动下异质车辆队列分布式鲁棒经济预测控制

针对有界扰动下异质车辆队列节能与稳定分布式协同控制问题,提出一种新的分布式鲁棒经济模型预测控制(economic model predictive control, EMPC)策略.首先采用不确定误差模型描述有界扰动下异质车辆队列纵向行驶动态特性,再应用tube思想对系统约束进行紧缩设计,补偿有界扰动对系统造成的不确定性.其次,采用局部车辆行驶能耗模型描述车辆队列分布式经济性能优化的有限时域最优控制问题,并利用传统跟踪性能指标设计附加稳定收缩约束函数.进一步,基于系统收缩原理,建立车辆队列闭环系统关于有界扰动的输入-状态稳定性条件.最后,通过与车辆队列传统分布式鲁棒模型预测控制策略的数值仿真对比结果验证了所提出策略的有效性和优越性.     

多移动机器人避障编队控制

研究了非完整移动机器人群的避障编队问题. 在次优化控制基础上, 通过对每个交互机器人求解指标函数存在耦合的优化问题提出了两种算法. 在终端惩罚项中加入了势场函数并且构造出相应的终端约束集. 关于系统稳定性及安全性进行了讨论. 仿真实例说明了所提算法的可行性.     

非线性预测控制终端约束集的优化

为保证预测控制的稳定性,经典的策略是在预测控制的优化问题中加入终端约束集和终端惩罚函数,并保证终端约束集是一个在终端控制律作用下的正不变集,终端惩罚函数是受控系统的局部控制Lyapunov函数.本文提供了一种求解非线性系统终端约束集、终端控制律和终端惩罚函数的新策略.通过在优化问题中引入新的变量来降低求解终端约束条件的...     

模型预测控制在飞行器规划系统中的应用

提出采用预测控制与混合整数线性规划相结合,解决飞行器任务规划的鲁棒控制问题,以混合整数线性形式给出飞行器动力学模型、优化目标以及相关约束,并提出一种终端零约束性能指标函数,以此证明了预测控制器的全局最优性和Lyapunov稳定性.仿真结果表明:该方法能够实现飞行器对固定目标的航迹规划任务,并对所探测到的威胁进行实时回避,能够实时运行,具有工程可实现性.     

On finite-time and infinite-time cost improvement of economic model predictive control for nonlinear systems

A novel two-layer economic model predictive control (EMPC) structure that addresses provable finite-time and infinite-time closed-loop economic performance of nonlinear systems in closed-loop with EMPC is presented. In the upper layer, a Lyapunov-based EMPC (LEMPC) scheme is formulated with performance constraints by taking advantage of an auxiliary Lyapunov-based model predictive control (LMPC) problem solution formulated with a quadratic cost function. The lower layer LEMPC uses a shorter prediction horizon and smaller sampling period than the upper layer LEMPC and involves explicit performance-based constraints computed by the upper layer LEMPC. Thus, the two-layer architecture allows for dividing dynamic optimization and control tasks into two layers for a computationally manageable control scheme at the feedback control (lower) layer. A chemical process example is used to demonstrate the performance and stability properties of the two-layer LEMPC structure.     

Economic MPC with a contractive constraint for nonlinear systems

In this paper, we consider the stability issue of economic model predictive control (EMPC) for constrained nonlinear systems and propose a new contractive constraint formulation of nonlinear EMPC schemes. This formulation is one of Lyapunov‐based approaches in which the contractive function chosen a priori can be used as a Lyapunov function. Some conditions are given to guarantee recursive feasibility and asymptotic stability of the EMPC. Moreover, we analyze the transient economic performance of the EMPC closed‐loop system in some finite‐time intervals. The proposed EMPC scheme is applied to a chemical reactor model to illustrate its utility and benefits. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Integrating dynamic economic optimization and model predictive control for optimal operation of nonlinear process systems

In this work, we propose a conceptual framework for integrating dynamic economic optimization and model predictive control (MPC) for optimal operation of nonlinear process systems. First, we introduce the proposed two-layer integrated framework. The upper layer, consisting of an economic MPC (EMPC) system that receives state feedback and time-dependent economic information, computes economically optimal time-varying operating trajectories for the process by optimizing a time-dependent economic cost function over a finite prediction horizon subject to a nonlinear dynamic process model. The lower feedback control layer may utilize conventional MPC schemes or even classical control to compute feedback control actions that force the process state to track the time-varying operating trajectories computed by the upper layer EMPC. Such a framework takes advantage of the EMPC ability to compute optimal process time-varying operating policies using a dynamic process model instead of a steady-state model, and the incorporation of suitable constraints on the EMPC allows calculating operating process state trajectories that can be tracked by the control layer. Second, we prove practical closed-loop stability including an explicit characterization of the closed-loop stability region. Finally, we demonstrate through extensive simulations using a chemical process model that the proposed framework can both (1) achieve stability and (2) lead to improved economic closed-loop performance compared to real-time optimization (RTO) systems using steady-state models.     

基于切换控制的经济模型预测控制

为了提升经济模型预测控制的经济性能指标, 提出一种切换控制策略. 首先, 依据Lyapunov 稳定性理论给出理想和扰动下的两类估计可行域, 并实时检测系统状态; 然后, 根据系统状态所处不同区域, 采用相应的控制器分别实施经济优化、状态驱动和稳态驱动. 所提方法在保证稳定性的同时, 能够为经济性能优化提供更多的在线优化时间和优化自由度, 获得比传统方法更高的经济效益. 通过一个负阻振荡器实例验证了所提出方法的可行性和有效性.

     

Interactions between control and process design under economic model predictive control

Economic model predictive control (EMPC) is a model-based control scheme that integrates process control and economic optimization, which can potentially allow for time-varying operating policies to maximize economic performance. The manner in which an EMPC operates a process to optimize economics depends on the process dynamics, which are fixed by the process design. This raises the question of how process and EMPC designs interact. Works which have addressed process and control design interactions for steady-state operation have sought to simultaneously develop process designs and control law parameters to find the most profitable way to operate a process that is able to prevent process constraints from being violated and to optimize capital costs in the presence of disturbances. Because EMPC has the potential to operate a process in a transient fashion, this work first focuses on how EMPC and process design interact in the absence of disturbances. Using small-scale process examples, we seek to understand the fundamental nature of the interactions between EMPC and process design, including how these interactions can impact computational complexity of the controller and the design procedure. We subsequently utilize the insights gained to suggest controller design variables which might be considered as decision variables for a simultaneous process and control design problem when disturbances are considered.     

免疫遗传算法的混合动力汽车多目标优化

以混合动力汽车传动系统参数与控制策略参数为优化变量,以最小燃油消耗和尾气排放量（CO+HC+NOx）为优化目标,以动力性能与电池荷电状态平衡作为约束条件,建立多目标优化模型,并使用权重系数法将多目标函数优化问题转化为单目标问题。提出了基于免疫遗传算法优化混合动力汽车参数的优化方法,该算法采用实数编码,通过调用ADVISOR的后台函数,建立联合优化仿真模型。仿真结果表明,该算法可有效降低车辆的燃油消耗,减少CO与HC排放量,能够较好地解决带有约束的混合动力汽车的多目标多参数优化问题,可以获得一组具有低油耗与低污染物排放的传动系统与控制策略参数,供决策者选择。     

MPC for tracking with optimal closed-loop performance

In the recent paper [Limon, D., Alvarado, I., Alamo, T., & Camacho, E.F. (2008). MPC for tracking of piece-wise constant references for constrained linear systems. Automatica, 44, 2382-2387], a novel predictive control technique for tracking changing target operating points has been proposed. Asymptotic stability of any admissible equilibrium point is achieved by adding an artificial steady state and input as decision variables, specializing the terminal conditions and adding an offset cost function to the functional.In this paper, the closed-loop performance of this controller is studied and it is demonstrated that the offset cost function plays an important role in the performance of the model predictive control (MPC) for tracking. Firstly, the controller formulation has been enhanced by considering a convex, positive definite and subdifferential function as the offset cost function. Then it is demonstrated that this formulation ensures convergence to an equilibrium point which minimizes the offset cost function. Thus, in case of target operation points which are not reachable steady states or inputs for the constrained system, the proposed control law steers the system to an admissible steady state (different to the target) which is optimal with relation to the offset cost function. Therefore, the offset cost function plays the role of a steady-state target optimizer which is built into the controller. On the other hand, optimal performance of the MPC for tracking is studied and it is demonstrated that under some conditions on both the offset and the terminal cost functions optimal closed-loop performance is locally achieved.