基于中心解的改进人工蜂群算法

为了解决人工蜂群(ABC)算法在用于函数优化时所具有的局部探索能力不强、收敛精度不高的问题,提出一种基于中心解的人工蜂群算法。该算法结合中心解和当前最优候选解的优点,并将中心解引入到跟随蜂的局部变异策略中。跟随蜂采用轮盘赌的形式,选择某些适应度值较好的蜜源,在雇佣蜂中心解的基础上深度局部寻优,并在每次迭代中逐维更新蜜源每一维度的值。为了验证该算法的有效性,选择六个基准测试函数对三种算法进行仿真对比实验。与标准ABC算法和Best-so-far ABC算法相比,改进的ABC算法的求解精度有较大幅度提高,特别是对于Rastrigin函数,两种不同维数下均达到了理论最优值。实验结果表明:所提算法在收敛速度和寻优精度上都有明显改善。     

基于动态评价选择策略的改进人工蜂群算法

针对标准人工蜂群(ABC)算法易陷入局部极值的问题,对标准ABC算法的轮盘赌选择机制进行了修改,提出了一种基于动态评价选择策略的改进人工蜂群(DSABC)算法。首先,根据到当前为止一定迭代次数内蜜源位置的连续更新或停滞次数,对每个蜜源位置进行动态评价;然后,利用所得的评价函数值为蜜源招募跟随蜂。在6个经典测试函数上的实验结果表明:与标准ABC算法相比,动态评价选择策略改进了标准ABC算法的选择机制,使得DSABC算法的求解精度有较大幅度提高,特别是对于两种不同维数的Rosenbrock函数,所得最优值的绝对误差分别由0.0017和0.0013减小到0.000049和0.000057;而且,DSABC算法克服了进化后期因群体位置多样性丢失较快而产生的早熟收敛现象,提高了整个种群的收敛精度及解的稳定性,从而为函数优化问题提供了一种高效可靠的求解方法。     

基于离子运动-人工蜂群算法的移动机器人路径规划

针对移动机器人在仓储环境下的路径规划问题，提出了一种基于离子运动的人工蜂群（IM-ABC）算法用于路径规划。该方法为提高传统的人工蜂群（ABC）算法在路径规划中的收敛速度和搜索能力，采用一种模拟离子运动规律来更新蜂群的策略。首先，在算法前期利用离子运动算法中的阴阳离子交叉搜索来更新引领蜂和跟随蜂，从而引导种群进化方向，极大提高种群开发能力；其次，在算法后期为了避免前期过早收敛导致局部最优，引领蜂采用随机搜索，跟随蜂则利用反向轮盘赌来选择蜜源，以扩大种群多样性；最后，在全局更新机制中提出自适应性花香浓度以改善抽样方式，进而得到改进后的IM-ABC算法。标准测试函数测试与仿真实验结果表明，IM-ABC算法不仅能快速收敛，且和传统ABC算法相比迭代次数减少了58.3%，寻优性能提升了12.6%，表现出较高的规划效率。     

基于当前最优解的分段搜索策略的人工蜂群算法

为了克服人工蜂群算法在求解函数优化问题中所存在的局部搜索能力差、收敛精度低的缺点,提出了一种基于当前最优解的分段搜索策略的人工蜂群算法。该算法中跟随蜂利用由全局当前最优解和个体当前最优解引导的局部搜索策略逐维进行变异,并采用基于“分段思想”的局部搜索策略对蜜源进行贪婪更新,以提高蜜源的更新效率,从而提高了人工蜂群算法的局部搜索能力。6个标准测试函数的仿真实验结果表明,与基本人工蜂群算法相比,改进后的人工蜂群算法在寻优精度和收敛速度上均有明显提高。     

基于分治策略的改进人工蜂群算法

人工蜂群(ABC)算法存在着收敛速度不够快、易陷入局部最优的缺陷。针对这一问题,提出一种改进的人工蜂群(DCABC)算法。应用反学习的初始化方法产生初始解,引入分治策略对蜜源进行优化,在采蜜蜂发布更新的蜜源信息后,跟随蜂选择最优蜜源,并采用分治策略进行迭代优化。通过对经典测试函数的反复实验及与其他算法的比较,表明了所提出的算法具有良好的加速收敛效果,提高了全局搜索能力与效率。     

基于自适应蜂群优化的DBSCAN聚类算法

针对传统的DBSCAN（Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Application with Noise，DBSCAN）聚类算法全局参数设置不合理、参数选取困难、无法识别重叠模块的问题，以及人工蜂群优化算法（Artificial Bees Colony，ABC）后期收敛速度慢、易陷入局部最优等缺陷进行了研究，提出一种基于自适应人工蜂群优化DBSCAN的聚类算法IABC-DBSCAN。该算法将截断选择机制与锦标赛选择机制相结合，提出一种截断-锦标赛选择机制（Truncation-Championship Selection Mechanism，TCSM），以增强种群多样性、避免跟随蜂选择蜜源陷入局部最优的缺陷；提出一种自适应步长策略（Adaptive Step Strategy，ASS）动态调整跟随蜂的搜索方式，以提高算法局部搜索能力和聚类速度；根据改进的IABC算法动态调节DBSCAN算法中的最优参数，将蜜源位置对应[ε]邻域，蜜源的适应度大小对应DBSCAN的聚类效果，并在多种测试函数和数据集上进行验证。实验结果表明，该算法不仅有效克服ABC和DBSCAN算法的缺陷，且正确率和召回率均有较大提高。     

基于改进蜂群算法的多传感器目标分配方法

针对多传感器目标分配中参数多、计算复杂、实时性不强、全局搜索能力不高等问题,在分析其数学模型的基础上,基于改进人工蜂群算法,对目标函数进行优化并确定分配方案.改进后的算法中,跟随蜂采用双向轮盘赌的方式选择引领蜂,并采用萤火虫算法中的自适应步长策略来进行局部搜索,有助于提高算法收敛速度、增强算法的局部搜索能力.仿真结果表明,改进蜂群算法能够有效解决多传感目标分配问题,与基本蜂群算法相比,改进后的算法收敛速度加快、寻优能力得到进一步增强,具有较强的实用价值.     

蜂群算法优化性能综合测试研究

对蜂群算法的性能进行全面的测试和研究,实验分析了维数和粒子数对算法的影响,侦察蜂的活动对算法的影响以及初始解的位置对算法的影响。同时受遗传算法的启发,将典型的选择机制应用到蜂群算法并对其进行改进,并比较不同选择机制下蜂群算法的性能。实验结果表明,在粒子数为40,维数为10或者30,均匀分布初始解的位置,采用确定式选择法和无放回余数选择法代替蜂群算法中轮盘赌的选择方法的条件下,蜂群算法得到整体最好的优化结果。     

基于改进邻域搜索策略的人工蜂群算法

针对人工蜂群算法存在易陷入局部最优、收敛速度慢的缺陷,提出一种改进邻域搜索策略的人工蜂群算法.首先,将混沌思想和反向学习方法引入初始种群,设计混沌反向解初始化策略,以增大种群多样性,增强跳出局部最优的能力;然后,在跟随蜂阶段根据更新前个体最优位置引入量子行为模拟人工蜂群获取最优解,通过交叉率设计更新前个体最优位置,并利用势阱模型的控制参数提高平衡探索与开发的能力,对观察蜂邻域搜索策略进行改进,以提高算法的收敛速度和精度;最后,将改进人工蜂群算法与粒子群算法、蚁群算法以及其他改进人工蜂群算法进行比较,利用12个标准测试函数进行仿真分析.结果表明,改进算法不仅提高了收敛速度和精度,而且在高维函数优化方面具有一定的优势.     

具有混沌差分进化搜索的人工蜂群算法

针对人工蜂群算法的不足,结合差分进化算法中的变异思想,提出一种改进的人工蜂群算法。其基本思想是在标准人工蜂群算法中观察蜂更新蜜源的阶段,使用差分进化算子对蜜源进行更新,在差分变异算子中引入混沌序列,以提高观察蜂在此阶段的局部搜索能力,最终获得最优蜜源。仿真结果表明,引入混沌差分进化搜索的蜂群算法无论在解的求解精度上还是算法的收敛速度上均优于标准人工蜂群算法,适合于复杂函数的全局优化问题。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

正~~     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate