基于MPEG-4视频流的QoS映射研究

基于XVID和实时传输协议(RTP)提出了一种MPEG-4视频流的服务质量(QoS)映射管理方法。分析了MPEG-4视频流特点、编解码软件和QoS分层管理方法，提出了基于RTP协议的QoS管理逻辑结构、不同层次上的QoS参数，即应用层和系统层QoS参数，以及应用层到系统层QoS参数的映射算法。在模拟网络环境下的实验结果表明这种QoS参数的映射算法能够保证MPEG-4视频流的服务质量。     

一种适合MPEG-4传输的IP区分服务网络模型

文章提出了一种改进的适合MPEG-4视频传输区分服务的模型。根据MPEG-4视频流特点和网络的拥塞程度,视频服务器中,采用笔者提出的区分服务标记算法。边缘路由器中,采用笔者提出的区分服务调度算法犤1犦,设计了一种新的区分服务调度器,它动态调节加权服务量,适合在IP区分服务网络中运用,降低实时变比特率突发业务的延时和抖动。实验结果表明,在网络带宽不能保证实时MPEG-4传输所需带宽时,采用该文提出的网络模型,实时传输MPEG-4视频序列,恢复序列的主观效果以及峰值信噪比PSNR都优于传统的尽力而为(Best-effort)方法,并且端对端延时和延时抖动也达到实时传输的要求。     

支持VoWLAN的PCF轮询调度算法研究

就802.11 WLAN中MAC层点协调功能（PCF）状态下点协调器（PC）对各个站点分配媒体访问权的轮询机制进行分析并加以改进,通过引入不同优先级的业务区分机制,提出一种新的轮询调度算法,从而提高站点数据接入服务的性能,以满足VoIP over WLAN应用的QoS需求。     

多维IP包分类算法研究

IP包分类算法是应用在路由器数据平面的核心算法,其中一维的IP包分类算法就是路由地址查找算法,为路由器的基本转发功能提供支持,与此对应的多维的IP包分类算法是为支持第4层交换的路由器提供对IP数据报的分类,使路由器能对每一个特定的数据报作出预先定义好的处理,以便为了新的网络应用提供数据包过滤、防火墙、基于策略的路由、区分服务、QoS、流量计费等功能。本文介绍了两种典型的多维IP包分类算法在国内外研究现状及综述研究。     

多媒体传感网络中服务感知的跨层QoS路由算法

提出一种服务感知的跨层QoS(Quality of Service)路由算法(CLQDCR),结合AODV及DCR算法的特性,利用跨层设计的思想,以时延、干扰和能量作为QoS度量,采用区分服务的方式为实时多媒体业务和非实时文本业务提供不同的QoS保障.仿真实验证明,该算法在提高实时性能及全网负载均衡方面具有较好的性能.     

一种适应信道的WiMax分级调度架构

针对无线信道中与时间和位置相关性错误,简要介绍了IEEE80216d协议的QoS服务模型,在对WiMax的QoS机制和调度策略进行了深入的研究后,提出了一种新的MAC层分级分组调度架构。此架构主要由调度控制器、流量监控和两级分组调度组成,并给出了关键调度的算法模型。对算法的仿真表明,这个调度架构能够有效地区分对待实时业务、非实时业务和BE业务,满足不同类型业务的QoS需求,解决了无线信道特殊性带来的调度问题。     

自适应调度的增强QoS保证机制

针对IEEE802.11的媒体接入控制层QoS支持技术进行了研究.基于无线局域网MAC层DCF和EDCF两种退避机制,提出了一种增强型自适应慢速递减的EASDCF方案,并在此基础上的结合IEEE802.11e的业务分级的思想,通过最大竞争窗口和重传次数的不同来区分不同的优先级,并对每个优先级进行区分服务.仿真结果表明,EASDCF机制所采用的分级策略提高了时延敏感业务的吞吐量,并使丢包率敏感的数据业务得到可靠保障,该算法能够有效地增强网络的QoS,提高整个网络的性能.     

一种基于QoS的MPEG-4视频泵实现方法

基于QoS的MPEG-4视频泵技术是具有QoS功能的MPEG-4视频服务器设计中的核心技术之一。在MPEG-4标准框架下,利用多框架多级别的视频编码方案,对MPEG-4视频泵进行了扩充设计,可在64bps～2Mbps的带宽范围内,为基于RTP/RTCP传输机制的视频服务提供服务质量保证。基于QoS的MPEG-4视频泵在视频服务器中的应用,为实时、可变码率的流媒体服务提供可行的解决方案。     

支持QoS的Web服务选择模型的研究与实现

提出一种新的支持服务质量(QoS)的Web服务选择模型(WSSM-Q)。该模型定义了一组描述Web服务QoS指标的分类tModel,用QoS量化值描述服务提供者的QoS通告,用约束型需求和偏好型需求描述服务消费者的QoS需求,采用四阶段选择算法选择满足消费者需求的Web服务。实验结果表明该模型是可行的和有效的。     

实现IPv6多等级业务QoS的调度模型

在提供区分服务的网络结构下,给出一种新的能够保证多等级IPv6业务QoS的排队模型和调度算法。仿真结果显示,改进的算法在不同等级业务时延和丢失率的平衡方面收到了很好的效果。     

Transport-aware IP routers: a built-in protection mechanism to counter DDoS attacks

The lack-of service differentiation and resource isolation by current IP routers exposes their vulnerability to Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks (Garber, 2000), causing a serious threat to the availability of Internet services. Based on the concept of layer-4 service differentiation and resource isolation, where the transport-layer information is inferred from the IP headers and used for packet classification and resource management, we present a transport-aware IP (tIP) router architecture that provides fine-grained service differentiation and resource isolation among different classes of traffic aggregates. The tIP router architecture consists of a fine-grained Quality-of-Service (QoS) classifier and an adaptive weight-based resource manager. A two-stage packet-classification mechanism is devised to decouple the fine-grained QoS lookup from the usual routing lookup at core routers. The fine-grained service differentiation and resource isolation provided inside the tIP router is a powerful built-in protection mechanism to counter DDoS attacks, reducing the vulnerability of Internet to DDoS attacks. Moreover, the tIP architecture is stateless and compatible with the Differentiated Service (DiffServ) infrastructure. Thanks to its scalable QoS support for TCP control segments, the tIP router supports bidirectional differentiated services for TCP sessions.     

层次型IPv4网络QoS算法

网络服务质量Qo S在层次型网络中要求更高.从OSI参考模型的第二层与第三层出发,分析了传统的Qo S体系结构和三种Qo S模型的工作原理、优缺点以及网络应用环境.设计了将Int Serv与Diff Serv模型相结合的互补算法来保证层次型网络的服务质量.仿真结果表明,此模型能够从传输延迟、丢包率、延时抖动和网络吞吐量等多个方面提升网络的Qo S.     

嵌入式MPEG4视频服务器的设计与实现

介绍了基于Linux操作系统和MPEG 4硬件实时编码器的嵌入式视频服务器(EMP4VS)的设计,并从硬件组成、软件设计、控制/视频数据流图、视频图像网络传输中的QoS机制和客户端几个方面介绍了具体的实现方法。并对利用中间件服务器扩展EMP4VS监控系统的方案进行了讨论。     

Admission control by implicit signaling in support of voice over IP over ADSL

Voice over DSL (VoDSL) is a technology that enables the transport of data and multiple voice calls over a single copper-pair. Voice over ATM (VoATM) and Voice over IP (VoIP) are the two main alternatives for carrying voice over DSL. ATM is currently the preferred technology, since it offers the advantage of ATM’s built-in Quality of Service (QoS) mechanisms. IP QoS mechanisms have been maturing only in recent years. However, if VoIP can achieve comparable performance to that of VoATM in the access networks, it would facilitate end-to-end IP telephony and could result in major cost savings. In this paper, we propose a VoIP-based VoDSL architecture that provides QoS guarantees comparable to those offered by ATM in the DSL access network. Our QoS architecture supports Premium and Regular service categories for voice traffic and the Best-Effort service category for data traffic. The Weighted Fair Queuing algorithm is used to schedule voice and data packets for transmission over the bottleneck link. Fragmentation of large data packets reduces the waiting time for voice packets in the link. We also propose a new admission control mechanism called Admission Control by Implicit Signaling. This mechanism takes advantage of application layer signaling by mapping it to the IP header. We evaluate the performance of our QoS architecture by means of a simulation study. Our results show that our VoIP architecture can provide QoS comparable to that provided by the VoATM architecture.     

基于多传播路径的VOD服务QoS保证的新构架

提出一种流媒体视频点播服务(VOD服务)的新架构,在应用层上实现VOD服务所需数据的多传播路径,旨在降低网络带宽波动对流媒体VOD服务的影响,克服传统方式下当某一传输数据的路由因请求过多或其他原因发生拥塞时服务质量(QoS)难以保证的问题。还具体给出了多路径传播的协议和实现算法,实验结果也证明该架构能够有效减少对单一路由、特别是中心VOD服务器带宽的压力,使得数据传输能够根据带宽的变化动态变化,从而更好地保证VoD服务的QoS。     

基于QoS的Web服务发现方法

由于传统的基于关键字和简单分类的Web服务发现机制较少考虑服务质量(QoS),因此不能很好地满足用户的需求。针对该问题,提出一种基于QoS的Web服务发现模型,通过引入QoS代理机制以支持基于QoS的Web服务发布与发现。在此基础上,根据不同用户的QoS需求,提出一种基于QoS的Web服务发现算法。实验结果表明,该算法具有较高的准确率。     

Enhancing aggregate QoS for video streaming

The IETF's Differentiated Services architecture is designed to provide different types or levels of service for Internet traffic. One of its key features is that traffic flows are aggregated so that routers in the core network only need to distinguish a relatively small number of aggregate flows, even if those flows consist of hundreds or thousands of individual flows. However, network-level QoS differentiation may not satisfy the requirements of many QoS-sensitive applications such as live video streaming, where end-to-end delay and reliability must be guaranteed.

This paper investigates application-level service differentiation for MPEG video streaming in a Diff-Serv-aware MPLS network infrastructure, along with routing support at the network layer. Based on the fact that MPEG video has become one of the most popular formats for Internet (wired and wireless) users, our approach enhances aggregate QoS for video streaming by employing existing application-level knowledge of the MPEG video structure; therefore it requires neither a new video compression algorithm nor additional bandwidth. Several MPEG video dispersion models are proposed and analyzed. Simulation results show that two such strategies are superior to the other tested. In addition, a new routing scheme is proposed to support searching the ‘best’ paths for efficient multi-path video streaming. Through extensive simulations, we demonstrate that our approaches improve the aggregate QoS of MPEG video streams, as well as overall network efficiency.     

Web服务器群的QoS确保及其接纳控制研究

WWW访问的爆炸性发展正是Internet成功的重要原因，然而目前的Web服务器却缺乏相应的QoS机制，导致在过载时造成巨大的经济损失。一个提供多类服务的多服务器Web平台的服务质量确保体系被提出来，它以服务响应延迟为核心度量标准，将同一类服务抽象为一台虚拟服务器，并以该度量黏合起系统的各个组件．同时据此提出了一个动态自适应的服务接纳算法(DASAC)．测试表明，即使经历严重的过载与业务突发，也能保证用户感知的服务质量．     

IEEE 802．16协议中上行带宽分配机制研究

802.16是新一代宽带无线接入的标准。标准中明确定义了在MAC层实现QoS的机制,例如:MAC层的通信是基于连接的;将上层业务流根据QoS的要求进行分类等。但是标准对上行带宽的分配机制却未加以定义。我们就这个问题进行了研究,并提出了一种有效的上行带宽分配机制。