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本文主要研究了多机器人同步定位与地图构建(SLAM)的地图实时融合问题.在本文中提出一种混合的SLAM算法(HybridSLAM)算法,可以同时观测和更新多个路标,并根据FastSLAM2.0思想利用选取的最准确的路标观测值来修正机器人位姿.然后,在改进HybridSLAM算法基础上,进一步提出一种改进的多机器人HybridSLAM算法(MR–IHybridSLAM).每个机器人在不同初始位置运行IHybridSLAM算法构建子地图,并将子地图信息实时发送到同一工作站中.根据卡尔曼滤波(KF)原理将每个机器人构建的子地图融合成全局地图.最后,通过仿真实验构建多机器人融合的特征地图并与单一机器人快速的SLAM算法(FastSLAM)和HybridSLAM算法构建的地图进行误差对比,进一步来验证该算法的准确性、快速性和可行性. 相似文献
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提出一种改进的粒子滤波SLAM(simultaneous localization and map building)同时定位和地图创建实现方法。改进方法让机器人大约行进10步完成基于局部已创建地图下的粒子滤波定位后,再利用激光传感器探测环境并更新创建的地图;同时在利用粒子滤波定位时,使粒子只分布在由航位推算法得出的机器人位姿附近,从而可有效地减少粒子的数量。实验结果表明,与标准的粒子滤波SLAM 算法比较,改进算法提高了机器人SLAM过程中定位和地图创建的精度和实时性,并为移动机器人在室外未知环境同时定位和地图创建提供了新方法。 相似文献
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针对助行机器人在室外未知环境中的导航需求,分析了不同导航方式的优缺点,设计并实现基于全球定位系统(GPS)的机器人定位导航系统.详细地描述了室外环境地图的创建过程和地图精度的控制.为了提高定位的精度,利用地图匹配修正GPS定位误差,同时融合机器人实时速度数据,得到最终的机器人位置.在机器人定位的基础上,实现助行机器人的... 相似文献
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在多机器人同时定位与地图创建(Simultaneous Localization and Mapping,SLAM)协同工作下,要求融合各机器人的特征子地图形成单一的公共地图,利用三角形相似性原理,实现SLAM定位中各机器人子地图的相互匹配。在机器人创建的地图中,依据路标位置相关的特征组成最小三角形,并通过三角形相似性原理对各机器人创建子地图进行相似性匹配,并记录相似三角形对应点匹配次数,最后彼此匹配次数最多的对应路标即为相关联的路标对。实验结果表明该方法是有效的,且鲁棒性强。 相似文献
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《机器人》2015,(6)
提出了一种基于RGB-D数据的实时SLAM(同时定位与地图创建)算法,得到机器人的6D位姿并构建环境的3D地图.首先提取RGB图像的特征点,并利用高斯混合模型得到特征点处的颜色和3维坐标,以及对应的协方差矩阵.然后利用ICP(迭代最近点)算法,得到当前帧特征点与环境模型特征点集的变换矩阵T_t,并在T_t周围撒点采样,得到观测最优的传感器位姿矩阵P_t.之后利用P_t将当前帧的密集点云变换到全局坐标系下,构建环境3D地图.最后,利用卡尔曼滤波器对环境模型特征点集进行更新.为防止特征点较少时,ICP算法误差较大,本文加入粒子采样步骤,有效地提高了定位精度.此外,在将当前帧特征点与环境模型特征点进行数据关联时,引入颜色信息提高了数据关联的准确率.针对FR1基准包,本文算法的最小定位误差为1.7 cm,平均定位误差为11.9 cm,每帧数据平均处理时间为31 ms,可以满足机器人实时SLAM的要求. 相似文献
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European Community policy and the market 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
C. Lloyd 《Journal of Computer Assisted Learning》1993,9(2):86-91
Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven. 相似文献
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融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。 相似文献
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张涛 《计算机测量与控制》2015,23(1):86-89
为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值. 相似文献
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潘丽 《自动化与仪器仪表》2014,(7):80-82
自然界的绝大部分信号都是以模拟的形式存在,因此模拟信号的采集转换存储在数字时代十分关键。文章讨论了在雷达信号处理领域基于AD9626的AD采集存储卡的设计原理、硬件结构和程序设计与芯片配置等问题,为今后相关领域的研究提供了可参考的方案。 相似文献
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Jacob Palme 《Software》1979,9(9):741-747
The COM teleconferencing system was designed to be easy to use for both beginners and people with much computer experience. A number of design choices in organizing the human-computer interface were considered very carefully. These design problems are not unique for teleconferencing applications, but will appear in many other developments of human-computer interfaces for non-computer specialists. This report discusses naming conventions, menu format, user commands, help facility and the treatment of ‘type ahead’ from the users. 相似文献
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David Poole 《Computational Intelligence》1989,5(2):97-110
Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given. 相似文献
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In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times. 相似文献
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《控制理论与应用(英文版)》2014,(3)
正The control of civil,energy,and power systems presents significant new challenges for modeling and control theory.The purpose of this special issue is to provide a forum for researchers and practical engineers to discuss the recent advances in modeling and control technology development for civil,energy,and power systems.Prospective authors are invited to submit their original contributions with the focus on theory or applications of modeling,control 相似文献
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《浙江大学学报:C卷英文版》2014,(12)
正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate and promote academic exchange between Chinese and foreign scientists everywhere. 相似文献