Analysis of microdensitometric data in terms of probability of cleavage of DNA

Computer-aided analysis of autoradiographic films of DNA fragments is presented. The Powell least-squares procedure is used for optimization of parameters for components of complex densitometric curves. Since each densitometric spectrum may be divided for several non-overlapped blocks of bands, there is no upper limit on the number of parameters which must be optimized. Eight shapes for the component bands are utilized: symmetric and asymmetric Gauss and Cauchy functions, direct, symmetric and asymmetric product of Gauss function and inverse of Cauchy function, and log-normal function. The probability of DNA cleavage is calculated with correction for multiple cuts. The methods presented was applied to detailed analysis of densitometric spectra of a 21-bp DNA restriction fragment and allowed for direct correlation between structural microheterogeneity of DNA and the resulting cutting pattern. This method should facilitate the analysis of densitometric data from antibiotic-induced cleavage of DNA and footprinting experiments.     

作战系统一体化问题分析与研究

作战系统一体化的发展与完善涉及系统建模技术及建模角度、协作技术等诸多方面,研究一体化必须对这些方面进行分析.针对作战系统一体化问题进行了分析与研究,对一体化的基本需求以及一体化与传统方式的比较问题进行了分析,提炼了一体化建设及其建模在各个环节的优势,对作战系统一体化的可行性与优越性进行了分析.以网络化坦克作战系统为实例对其进行了说明,对一体化面临的主要问题进行了总体概括.     

特征向量的归一化比较性研究

特征提取和分类器的参数优化是提高分类准确率的主要途径,对公用数据库UCI的相关数据进行特征向量的归一化处理,采用KNN、PNN和SVM进行分类。讨论了特征归一化对分类准确率和分类器参数的影响。实验结果表明：归一化能有效提高分类器的分类准确率,SVM尤为明显,且参数的寻优范围缩小,缩短训练周期。     

Hierarchy of problems of surface syntactic analysis of the Russian sentence

The paper considers the linguistic basis and algorithmic structure of the system of surface syntactic analysis of the Russian sentence, which is being developed at present at the Institute of Linguistics of the Russian State University for the Humanities. The possibilities of the suggested approach are discussed with regard for the results of experimental realizations of system fragments. The linguistic basis of modules and their program realization may be useful in searching for the solution of particular problems of automatic text analysis and information search.     

C语言在条形码检错方面的应用

主要介绍了一种用C语言编写的对工厂条形码进行检错的软件。论述了以C语言为基础编写检错程序的思路和方法。介绍了检错软件的实现流程。采用C语言编写的程序代码简洁,实时性好,生成的文本文档易于操作,用户使用简单方便。     

Verification and synthesis of addition programs under the rules of correctness of statements

Deductive verification and synthesis of binary addition programs are carried out on the base of the rules of proving the correctness for statements of the predicate programming language P. The paper presents key fragments of verification and synthesis of the programs for the Ripple carry, Carry look-ahead and Ling adders. The correctness conditions of the programs were translated into the specification language of the PVS verification system. The proof is found to be a tedious procedure as compared with the ordinary programming. However, for program synthesis, the development of theories and proofs on PVS are easier and faster than for program verification.     

Construction of confidence regions for motion trajectories of objects in computer vision problems

The problem of finding an object lost for several number of frames is considered within the framework of motion analysis problem. A linear model of objects motion is designed on a finite time interval. The hypotheses on independence and normality of observation errors are tested. The Gauss-Markov estimate is found for motion parameters. Based on available measurements, hyperbolic confidence tubes are constructed for each of the coordinates of the center of mass of the moving object. The technique for derivation of the equation of an ellipse of dispersion for the two-dimensional Gauss vector of a general form is demonstrated. The form of the ellipse of dispersion for the addressed problem is found. The results of testing the algorithm for open bases of video sequences PETS and ETISEO are presented.     

The multilinear algebra of the moments of distributions in the analysis of nonlinear stochastic systems

The differential equations are obtained for multilinear moment forms of the phase vector of a stochastic system described by the nonlinear stochastic Ito equation. The equations are derived for mixed moment forms of the process whose phase vector takes values in the product space. Multilinear cumulant forms are defined, and the link is established between the moments and cumulants. The issues of approximate solution of an infinite set of equations for the moments are discussed. The exact solution is given to the equations for the moments of a specific two-dimensional bilinear system.     

Numerical analysis of the influence of internal number representation on accuracy of coordinate transformation of industrial robots

The increasing performance of microprocessor technology allows for more generalized and sophisticated control algorithms for advanced robot control systems. The extended number of numerical operations of these approaches requires that an analysis of the influence of the numerical accuracy on the performance of the algorithms be made during the development process. In this context a universal approach for the inverse transformation module for robot application is validated numerically.     

Optimization of temperature of polysilicon rods

The problem of synthesis of optimal control for temperature of polysilicon rods is solved taking heat emission into account. A method of dynamic programming for linear systems with distributed parameters (SDP), a modified performance criterion, and a moderated form of solution to the functional Bellman equations for SDP are used. The obtained control algorithms for polysilicon were numerically realized earlier.     

Algorithm of J-spectral factorization of polynomial matrices

Numerical algorithms for the canonical J-factorization of polynomial matrices with respect to the imaginary axis are given. The factorization problems for the non-regular polynomial matrices and for polynomials, whose determinants have zero roots, are considered. The constructed algorithms are not connected to the finding of roots of the polynomial. The basic calculation procedure is the construction of the stabilizing solution of the matrix algebraic Riccati equation.     

Fraction-free row reduction of matrices of Ore polynomials

In this paper we give formulas for performing row reduction of a matrix of Ore polynomials in a fraction-free way. The reductions can be used for finding the rank and left nullspace of such matrices. When specialized to matrices of skew polynomials our reduction can be used for computing a weak Popov form of such matrices and for computing a GCRD and an LCLM of skew polynomials or matrices of skew polynomials. The algorithm is suitable for computation in exact arithmetic domains where the growth of coefficients in intermediate computations is a concern. This coefficient growth is controlled by using fraction-free methods. The known factor can be predicted and removed efficiently.     

命题逻辑的子句集中文字的分类

检测和消除命题逻辑公式中的冗余文字,是人工智能领域广泛研究的基本问题。针对命题逻辑的子句集中子句的划分,结合冗余子句和冗余文字的概念,将命题逻辑的子句集中的文字分为必需文字、有用文字和无用文字3类,并分别给出其定义。讨论3种文字与无冗余等价子集的性质,给出其等价子集的等价描述方法。得到题逻辑的子句集中必需文字、有用文字和无用文字的判定方法,借助子句集的可满足性得到3种文字与子句集的可满足性的等价条件。上述结果对命题逻辑中文字属性的判断提供了多种可选择方法,同时为命题逻辑公式的化简奠定了理论基础。     

A method of solving the coefficient inverse problems of wave tomography

In this paper, the problem of nonlinear wave tomography is formulated as a coefficient inverse problem for a hyperbolic equation in the time domain. Efficient methods for solving the inverse problems of wave tomography for the case of transparent boundary conditions are presented. The algorithms are designed for supercomputers. We prove the Fréchet differentiability theorem for the residual functional and derive an exact expression for the Fréchet derivative in the case of a transparent boundary in the direct and conjugate problems. The expression for the Fréchet derivative of the residual functional remains valid if the experimental data are provided for only a part of the boundary. The effectiveness of the proposed method is illustrated by the numerical solution of a model problem of low-frequency wave tomography. The model problem is tailored to apply to the differential diagnosis of breast cancer.     

Control systems of moving objects at formation of estimates of dynamic properties of flying vehicles in longitudinal motion

The problem of synthesis of control of longitudinal motion of a flying vehicle under the action of step signal of increment of required normal overload is considered. The control is determined according to the required quality indices of transition processes. The problem is solved for essentially nonlinear dependences of aerodynamic characteristics of the flying vehicle with account of limit relations for the velocity and the elevator deflection angle. Examples of calculations of control processes for longitudinal motion are given and analyzed.     

A Method of Dispersion Statistical Linearization of Nonlinear Stochastic Systems of the Hammerstein Class

Consideration was given to the method of statistical linearization of nonlinear stochastic plants on the basis of the dispersion identification theory for the Hammerstein class of models. The problem is notable for taking into account the dynamic nonlinearities of the plant. Models of statistical linearization were constructed with regard for the plant output noise of the kind of white noise and martingale sequence. Solution was obtained in the class of gradient recurrent identification algorithms. The necessary and sufficient conditions for strong consistency of the parameter estimates provided by these algorithms were presented. The results obtained were used for adaptive following of the plant output. Fitness of this method was substantiated by the example of a particular plant.     

Calculation of radial prolate spheroidal wave functions of the second kind

Spheroidal wave functions are important for boundary-value calculations in electromagnetics, acoustics and quantum mechanics. This paper discusses the calculation of radial prolate spheroidal wave functions of the second kind for integral mode numbers and real spheroidal parameter. The calculation of these functions is difficult. The existing methods are variously limited by numerical cancellation, slow convergence, algebraic complexity and restricted scope. The paper proposes a hybrid scheme. It uses an analytical solution to give the initial conditions for a numerical solution of the defining differential equation using the Bulirsch-Stoer method. Multiple-precision arithmetic is used to overcome the problem of numerical cancellation. The Wronskian is used to assess the accuracy of the solution. The results are highly accurate. The scheme should provide a practical approach for many applications. Reference results are presented for validation purposes.     

The determinants of helpfulness of online reviews

More and more people are gravitating to reading online product reviews prior to making purchasing decisions. Because a number of reviews that vary in usefulness are posted every day, much attention is being paid to measuring their helpfulness. The goal of this paper is to investigate the various determinants of the helpfulness of reviews, and it also intends to examine the moderating effect of product type, that is, the experience or search goods in relation to the helpfulness of online reviews. The study results show that reviewer reputation, the disclosure of reviewer identity, and review depth positively affect the helpfulness of an online review. The moderating effects of product type exist for these determinants on helpfulness. That is, the number of reviews for a product and the disclosure of reviewer identity have a greater influence on the helpfulness for experience goods, while reviewer reputation, review extremity, and review depth are more important for helpfulness in relation to search goods. The interaction effects exist for average review rating and average review depth for a product with review helpfulness on product sales. The results of the study will identify helpful online reviews and assist in designing review sites effectively.     

A study of different modes of fatigue fracture and durability estimation for compressor disks of gas-turbine engines

Various criteria of multiaxial fatigue fracture are studied for low-cycle fatigue (LCF); their generalizations are proposed for a very-high-cycle fatigue (VHCF) regime. The procedure of the stress state calculation is described for the compressor disk of the gas-turbine engine (GTE) in the flight cycle of loading and for the low-amplitude vibrations of the blades. The durability estimations of the disk operation are obtained for alternative mechanisms of LCF and VHCF using the calculated stress state and the models of multiaxial fatigue fracture. The results are compared with the data observed during operations.     

Animation of Human Diving

The motion of a human platform diver was simulated using a dynamic model and a control system. The dynamic model has 32 actuated degrees of freedom and dynamic parameters within the range of those reported in the literature for humans. The control system uses algorithms for balance, jumping, and twisting to initiate the dive, sequences of desired values for proportional-derivative servos to perform the aerial portion of the dice, and a state machine to sequence the actions throughout the dice. The motion of the simulated diver closely resembles video footage of dices performed by human athletes. The control and simulation techniques presented in this paper are useful for providing realistic motion for synthetic actors in computer animations and virtual environments and may some day be useful for analysis of sports performance.