MACSV的CFC语言在程序升温设计中的应用

针对MACSV系统的控制器算法中缺少程序升温功能模块的情况,利用该系统的CFC语言开发了程序升温控制程序。其具有以下功能:(1)可实现多程序段的温度控制功能;(2)可实现程序升温和终点控温两种模式的任意切换;(3)可实现每个加热段的独立启停控制;(4)可进行升温程序段数的灵活调整;(5)对于已执行、执行中和未执行的程序段可区分显示。实践证明,该控制程序能稳定可靠的满足实验要求,操作简便,应用范围广泛。     

基于STM32的点对点运动控制器设计

提出一种基于STM32的运动控制器,采用S形加减速控制脉冲频率变化,减小系统振动及提高定位精度,采用数据采样插补方法进行轨迹规划,实时迭代算法计算运行速度控制输出脉冲的频率,有效提高了脉冲输出效率;分析了该方法产生的误差,提出误差实时计算补偿策略;实验表明,控制器在点对点的运动中重复定位精度高,稳定性好;该控制器已经成功应用到两轴点对点的运动控制系统中。     

机器人辅助上肢关节运动控制与临床实验研究

针对机器人辅助患肢被动康复训练过程中关节活动度(ROM)及运动控制参数不能随患肢病情实时调整的问题,提出一种新的模糊自适应关节被动运动闭环监督控制方法.该方法首先根据患肢关节活动恢复程度设计上层监督控制器,得到符合患肢病情的关节期望运动范围;再通过设计下层闭环位置跟踪控制器,控制机器人平稳地牵引患肢关节沿目标轨迹进行训练.临床实验结果验证了所提算法的有效性.     

基于LabVIEW的机器人运动算法实现与验证平台

本文提出了一种在LabVIEW中搭建的机器人运动算法和参数的验证平台,以小型五轴机器人为例,实现对其 进行D-H参数定义、逆向运动学算法验证、轨迹规划、实时运动仿真和实体控制的功能。     

基于TRIO运动控制器的瓦楞纸板横切机控制系统设计

本论文在分析瓦楞纸板横切机生产工艺的基础上,提出了以TRIO运动控制器＋欧姆龙伺服驱动器＋触摸屏的交流伺服控制方案。根据切刀的运动规律,研究其轨迹跟踪控制算法,利用TRIO运动控制器的电子凸轮功能,实现了横切机速度同步跟踪和定长剪切功能。实验表明,此控制系统能有效提高横切机的响应速度、剪切精度,并可适用于更高速的瓦楞纸板生产线。     

基于MEGA128的运动器设计与实现

服务器通过GUI程序经过RS-232接口向MEGA128单片机发送运转命令,MEGA128接收命令后,通过MEGA128的PWM端口,控制电机运转,实现运动控制器控制;该控制器通过计算机编程和AVR单片机编程,实现计算机到单片机,单片机到运动器件运动控制。     

基于PMAC的受控五杆机构控制系统研究

介绍受控五杆机构的机械系统结构组成,构思受控五杆机构控制系统的工作原理,设计出该系统的友好界面及其数据传输方式,基于PMAC运动控制器的特点,提出运用VC对受控五杆机构试验台上位机控制界面的编程思想和方法,利用PMAC运动控制器的相关技术,实现受控五杆机构控制系统的给定图形、机构设置、仿真校验、程序设定及轨迹校验五大模块及其相应程序.经过试验台的试验测试,获得了满意的控制效果,说明该方法可应用于受控五杆机构的控制系统中.     

基于GALIL控制器的踝康复机器人控制系统

介绍了基于GALIL运动控制器的踝关节康复机器人的控制系统。该踝关节康复机器人引入生物融合理念,基于4-UP(Pe)S/PS并联机构,采用PC+运动控制器相对独立运行的并行控制模式,实现踝关节复合康复运动。用户利用PC机实现康复机器人康复运动轨迹的规划,康复运动控制程序的自动编制和运动控制器程序的下载,通过操作面板控制运动控制器相对PC独立地执行程序。这种并行控制模式能够在满足康复运动相对复杂的空间康复轨迹需要的前提下,保证踝关节康复机器人系统的反应速度。该系统成功地用于踝关节康复机器人系统,取得了很好的康复效果,为PC+运动控制器模式的康复系统设计提供了范例。     

可编程序控制器实现在饲料厂原料加工粉碎工段的自动化控制

本文介绍了应用可编程序控制器实现原粮粉碎工段设各自动化控制的硬件实现及软件实现方法，并对该控制系统的控制功能加以阐述。     

AUV运动控制器CAN通信模块在RT-Thread上的设计与实现

随着自主式水下潜航器(AUV)的功能越来越复杂、智能化程度越来越高,对控制系统软件的可靠性、稳定性、实时性和可维护性要求也越来越高。针对上述问题,设计了基于实时多线程(RT-Thread)操作系统的AUV运动控制器的控制器局域网络(CAN)通信模块。控制器将STM32F407作为硬件平台,实现AUV的航向、深度和航速控制。控制器内部集成有TJA1050收发器和CAN控制器。AUV运动模拟器通过USB CANⅡ分析仪与AUV运动控制器连接,进行通信测试。使用Env工具和STM32CubeMX软件对RT-Thread操作系统裁剪和配置,实现了RT-Thread操作系统的CAN驱动移植和CAN通信软件开发。AUV运动控制器与运动模拟器的对接测试表明,该通信模块有效地提高了控制器的可靠性,满足了设计要求,为实现AUV的长期、有效航行控制奠定了基础。     

ARM＋PCL6045B的嵌入式运动控制器设计

采用ARM微处理器S3C2440A和专用运动控制芯片PCL6045B,设计了基于Linux＋RTAI的嵌入式运动控制器,建立了该运动控制器的硬件结构和软件平台;设计了运动控制的函数库,编制了应用软件,并基于实时多任务操作的需求,通过Linux＋RTAI的双内核实时系统的加载,使运动控制器具有良好的实时性。该运动控制器可以满足运动控制系统的高速、高精度的要求,具有良好的实时性、开放性和灵活性。     

基于FPGA的实时Pythagorean Hodograph曲线运动控制器的设计

提出了一种采用SOPC技术在单个FPGA芯片上构建的新型实时PH曲线运动控制器的架构;该运动控制器在QuartusⅡ9.0中设计,由一个NiosⅡ软核处理器和多个功能模块构成;它通过采用二次插补方式以减少PH曲线插补的计算量;NiosⅡ处理器执行主控程序和PH曲线粗插补算法,FPGA硬件逻辑执行精插补算法并输出两组用于控制执行机构(XY工作台)的控制脉冲;实验数据表明,该运动控制器完成恒进给速度的单次PH曲线插补的平均耗时均小于2ms,终点坐标的定位误差均低于0.0079mm。     

A Real Time Self-Tuning Motion Controller for Mobile Robot Systems

This paper proposes an intelligent controller for motion control of robotic systems to obtain high precision tracking without the need for a real-time trial and error method. In addition, a new self-tuning algorithm has been developed based on both the ant colony algorithm and a fuzzy system for real-time tuning of controller parameters. Simulations and experiments using a real robot have been addressed to demonstrate the success of the proposed controller and validate the theoretical analysis. Obtained results confirm that the proposed controller ensures robust performance in the presence of disturbances and parametric uncertainties without the need for adjustment of control law parameters by a trial and error method.      

An Adaptive Control Technique for Motion Synchronization by On-line Estimation of a Recursive Least Square Method

This article presents an adaptive technique to tune controller gains for the motion synchronization of two gimbal systems by using a recursive least square method in the real-time fashion. In the master-slave configuration, the slave gimbal system follows the master’s motion while the master tracks the reference. In order for the slave gimbal system to synchronize with the motion of the master gimbal system, the dynamic difference between two systems is compensated by the controller gains. The controller gains of the slave are adaptively adjusted by the recursive least square method to cope with the deviation. The performances of three control schemes such as an independent PD control, a dependent torque control, and an RLS torque control scheme are evaluated by the experimental studies for the low cost gimbal systems. Experimental studies confirm that the RLS-based adaptive scheme actually outperforms by adjusting controller gains for the motion synchronization of the master and slave configuration.     

基于ARM和DSP的嵌入式运动控制器设计与实现

针对基于PC机和专用运动控制卡的传统数控系统的不足,提出了ARM微处理器(S3C2440)和数字信号处理芯片DSP(TMSC6713)双CPU主从式结构硬件平台,嵌入式Linux操作系统软件平台构建嵌入式运动控制器的方法;分别介绍了此嵌入式运动控制器主从控制板的硬件结构设计;软件方面,在Linux2.6内核环境下设计了FPGA的驱动程序,并给出了基于MiniGUI的人机界面设计以及DSP软件实现的程序结构框架;测试结果表明,该运动控制器工作可靠、运算能力强、结构灵活,精度达到1μm,在实践中有一定的借鉴意义。     

基于全向轮的机器人移动机构运动分析与控制设计

为了实现在有限空间内对机器人进行实时移动控制的目的,提出了一种结合差速控制和正交全向控制的设计方法。以老人服务机器人为平台,通过研究具有4组正交全向轮移动机构的运动特性,以ARM7微控制器为核心,结合速度传感器,实现了对机器人的移动控制。实验表明,该控制方法具有很好的实时性和精确度。在实际应用中,满足了老人服务机器人运动的实时性和高精度的要求。     

Adaptive Polar-Space Motion Control for Embedded Omnidirectional Mobile Robots with Parameter Variations and Uncertainties

This paper presents an adaptive polar-space motion controller for trajectory tracking and stabilization of a three-wheeled, embedded omnidirectional mobile robot with parameter variations and uncertainties caused by friction, slip and payloads. With the derived dynamic model in polar coordinates, an adaptive motion controller is synthesized via the adaptive backstepping approach. This proposed polar-space robust adaptive motion controller was implemented into an embedded processor using a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) chip. Furthermore, the embedded adaptive motion controller works with a reusable user IP (Intellectual Property) core library and an embedded real-time operating system (RTOS) in the same chip to steer the mobile robot to track the desired trajectory by using hardware/software co-design technique and SoPC (system-on-a-programmable-chip) technology. Simulation results are conducted to show the merit of the proposed polar-space control method in comparison with a conventional proportional-integral (PI) feedback controller and a non-adaptive polar-space kinematic controller. Finally, the effectiveness and performance of the proposed embedded adaptive motion controller are exemplified by conducting several experiments on steering an embedded omnidirectional mobile robot.     

排爆机器人运动关节的伺服系统

机器人运动关节的伺服系统是机器人控制系统的基础,伺服系统的好坏决定了机器人整体性能的优劣。基于5自由度排爆机器人,使用Simulink设计出运动关节的伺服系统框图,并通过xPC目标系统生成可运行于PC104的实时控制系统。该系统采用先进PID控制器,具有专家特性。运行结果表明,该方案取得了良好的效果,机器人关节运动平稳且无静态误差,系统具有很好的鲁棒性和实时性。该伺服系统不但可用于机器人运动关节的伺服控制,还可以应用于数控机床等位置控制系统。     

Fuzzy and Recurrent Neural Network Motion Control among Dynamic Obstacles for Robot Manipulators

An integration of fuzzy controller and modified Elman neural networks (NN) approximation-based computed-torque controller is proposed for motion control of autonomous manipulators in dynamic and partially known environments containing moving obstacles. The fuzzy controller is based on artificial potential fields using analytic harmonic functions, a navigation technique common used in robot control. The NN controller can deal with unmodeled bounded disturbances and/or unstructured unmodeled dynamics of the robot arm. The NN weights are tuned on-line, with no off-line learning phase required. The stability of the closed-loop system is guaranteed by the Lyapunov theory. The purpose of the controller, which is designed as a neuro-fuzzy controller, is to generate the commands for the servo-systems of the robot so it may choose its way to its goal autonomously, while reacting in real-time to unexpected events. The proposed scheme has been successfully tested. The controller also demonstrates remarkable performance in adaptation to changes in manipulator dynamics. Sensor-based motion control is an essential feature for dealing with model uncertainties and unexpected obstacles in real-time world systems.     

Real-Time Iterative Compensation Framework for Precision Mechatronic Motion Control Systems

With regard to precision/ultra-precision motion systems, it is important to achieve excellent tracking performance for various trajectory tracking tasks even under uncertain external disturbances. In this paper, to overcome the limitation of robustness to trajectory variations and external disturbances in offline feedforward compensation strategies such as iterative learning control (ILC), a novel real-time iterative compensation (RIC) control framework is proposed for precision motion systems without changing the inner closed-loop controller. Specifically, the RIC method can be divided into two parts, i.e., accurate model prediction and real-time iterative compensation. An accurate prediction model considering lumped disturbances is firstly established to predict tracking errors at future sampling times. In light of predicted errors, a feedforward compensation term is developed to modify the following reference trajectory by real-time iterative calculation. Both the prediction and compensation processes are finished in a real-time motion control sampling period. The stability and convergence of the entire control system after real-time iterative compensation is analyzed for different conditions. Various simulation results consistently demonstrate that the proposed RIC framework possesses satisfactory dynamic regulation capability, which contributes to high tracking accuracy comparable to ILC or even better and strong robustness.