Microcomputer control of a precision grinding machine

Production-orientated cylindrical grinding machines have presented problems to the designer which have made conventional numerical control techniques unsuited to a full-function machine. The use of microprocessor control overcomes this limitation. This article shows the particular problems involved in controlling such a machine, and gives some guidelines for interfacing to the real world in a production machine. The simplification of the hardware interface using suitable software structures is shown to be practical.     

基于上位机控制的电焊机遥控操作系统的设计

针对目前采油厂普遍使用的直流电焊机在焊接过程中,需要根据金属质地的不同改变焊接电流大小,同时受空间限制,特殊工况下手工操作不便等问题,对基于上位机控制的电焊机遥控调整焊接电流外加装置进行了研究,提出了一种基于低功耗微处理器MSP430F149控制的无线射频遥控调流装置,该装置由电焊机控制端(下位机)和手持遥控端(上位机)两部分组成.手持遥控调流装置由微处理器MSP430F149,无线通信模块(nRF905),按键电路,显示模块,稳压电源及外围电路组成;电焊机控制装置由微处理器MSP430F149,直流电焊机,环境参数传感器,无线通信模块,稳压电源,有线无线转换开关及电流调节模块组成;实现了直流电焊机工作参数的远程调控,能够节约焊接施工的时间和人力成本,扩展焊机的使用场合。     

基于DSP的高速主轴在线动平衡控制系统设计

本文介绍了一种使用TI公司高速数字信号处理器(DSP)TMS320F2812芯片控制的高速电主轴在线动平衡控制系统及其控制策略,根据平衡环的矢量变换和振动平衡原理,提出一种高效的控制策略,建立了电主轴平衡环控制系统的数学模型,并通过对电主轴动平衡状态进行仿真,验证了数学模型和平衡方法,这对显著降低高速电主轴的振动强度,提高加工质量的目的有重要意义。     

Graph theory in microprogramming: An alternate approach to designing micro-code for microprocessing

Some recently introduced concepts by Boulaye have direct application to specifying the width of the control storage of a microprocessor. This describes its usage in the MECL 10800 and HP21MX machines. Only the “link” commands are discussed.     

High-speed block-diagram languages for microprocessors and minicomputers in instrumentation,control and simulation

Block-diagram languages implement instrumentation, control and simulation programs in terms of analog-computer-like block diagrams. Block-operators, which range from simple adders to complete real-time controllers and amplitude-distribution analyzers, are assembly-language macros, ROM subroutines or microprograms. Block-diagram languages are readily accepted by engineers, who need not learn assembly language and can still obtain essentially optimal execution speed on small machines. Block-diagram-programmed minicomputers can beat a CDC 6400 using FORTRAN, and microprocessor execution is much more efficient than PL/M. Machine independent block-diagram programs are sorted and cross-translated by optimizing translators, which eliminate redundant memory references. Efficient block-operator macros, subroutines or microprograms are written once and for all by computer specialists, but new operators can be added at will. This paper discusses an optimal minicomputer translator, an interactive microcomputer system using BASIC to generate and test block-diagram programs, hand-translation for small microprocessor programs and some applications.     

Microprocessor systems for real-time phasor measurements on interconnected electric power systems

The on-line microprocessor based measurements of phase angles and magnitudes of voltages and currents at selected locations on a power system are proposed. These measurements can be used to assess the resolution of a transient trajectory, and, by considering the velocity and acceleration of machines in synchronous frames of reference, may be employed in determining the nature of a transient in order to take the necessary control action. This work addresses those systems which behave like two coherent systems of generators for the disturbances under consideration. Placement of phasor measurement systems, techniques of on-line transient assessment and the requisite control action will be considered. A realistic system where such a control problem exists in practice will be used to confirm the developed techniques.     

矿用自动降尘控制器的研究

介绍了一种以单片机为核心的自动喷雾控制器,其中定时采用可编程定时芯片DS1302,根据用户需要可以进行每天最多12个开、关机时段设置,通过LCD显示屏实现交互,输出采用继电器模式,便于驱动不同的降尘设备.软件采用模块化结构,便于编程和调试.另设置有红外传感器,可实时监测现场有无行人经过,如果有人经过就会自动关闭降尘设备...     

A useful trace facility for microcomputers

Recently a single-stepping debugging aid which could be used on 6800-based microprocessor systems provided that slight modifications are made to the hardware of the machines was described. This paper describes a more elaborate trace facility which does not require any modifications to the hardware but which uses the software interrupt facility in combination with an interpreter for branch instructions as the basic mechanism for single-stepping.     

An innovative software architecture to improve information flow from CAM to CNC

Over the years, machine tool evolution has allowed faster equipment, using new configurations, to manufacture parts that were almost impossible to machine in the past. Despite this tremendous evolution in machine and control technologies, the metalworking industry is still using the old ISO 6983 G-Codes programming interface to control the motion of these machines. This programming interface is not the most flexible or most appropriate for use by new open-architecture machine controllers and object-oriented high-level machining interfaces such as ISO 14649 (STEP-NC). This work proposes an innovative language, the ‘Base Numerical Control Language (BNCL),’ which is based on a low-level simple instruction set-like approach. The architecture is designed around two concepts: the BNCL virtual machine, which acts as a virtual microprocessor, and the BNCL virtual hardware, which is an abstraction of the machine tool. The language is characterised by its simplicity and flexibility, two qualities that are critical in a market in which the capabilities and performance of machines are constantly improving. The proposed architectural concepts are validated through various computer simulation and physical tests, including performance throughput, trajectory driving, and CNC controller extension capabilities.     

双核微处理器实时系统的软件架构方法

针对双核微处理器在工业控制领域的应用,探讨了基于共享内存的双核处理器软件架构的设计方法,主要分析讨论了双核之间的通信方法、数据共享策略以及双核任务分配方法。以F28M35双核处理器为例,介绍了该处理器资源结构、双核间的通信机制以及共享内存的使用方法。设计了一种以系统控制块数据结构为核心的软件架构方法,并成功运用在注塑机控制系统中。     

General-purpose crossassembler for 8-bit microprocessors

A study of microprocessor instruction sets is presented. The techniques devised to implement a general-purpose crossassembler for 8-bit machines are described. The program has been implemented on a VAX-11/750 under Berkeley Unix 4.1 BSD.     

微机作为智能仪器终端的实现方法

用单片机模拟智能仪器,实现了微机RS232到单片机串行口的电平转换及电气连接,为单片机系统设计了终端服务程序,微机上采用Windows环境自带的超级终端对其操作。主要介绍了单片机中终端服务菜单程序、通信程序的编写,电平转换电路的实现方法,实现了通过超级终端控制智能仪器的运行并读取单片机系统的相关信息。     

基于AVR单片机的PID温控系统设计

设计了一种基于Atmegal6单片机的温控系统。该系统采用单片机为控制器,温度传感器DS18B20完成对温度信号的采集,并把采集的信号送入单片机进行处理,实时显示温度值,根据系统设定完成相应的数字PID控制,并论述了其程序实现方法。     

Pioneering work in the field of computer process control

Dreams of using digital computers in industrial control systems surfaced almost as soon as such a computer was invented in the mid to late 1940s. By the early fifties, the concepts of such use were fairly well established. However, actual applications had to wait until relatively small, reliable, and also relatively inexpensive machines were available, along with vendor companies with the will and the initiative to pursue this field vigorously Such a company was the Ramo-Wooldridge Company, which entered this field in the mid-fifties. The company found ready acceptance of its products among the companies in the process industries. By the mid-sixties, there were installations in almost every process industry and many other vendors had entered the field. Such installations became the norm for computer applications to industrial control until the microprocessor and its associated distributed computer control systems superseded them beginning in the mid-seventies. The article chronicles the development of this early field by describing several of the early installations and their successes and difficulties     

Asim: a performance model framework

The longevity and usefulness of a microprocessor performance model has historically depended on the model writer's skills and discipline. However, at Compaq the models became extremely complex and unmanageable because designers lacked a structured way to develop them. To cope with these complexities, Compaq researchers began developing Asim in late 1998 to allow model writers to faithfully represent the detailed timing of complex modern machines and effectively manage the large software projects needed to model such machines. Asim addresses these needs by providing a modular and reusable framework for creating many models. The framework's modularity helps break down the performance-modeling problem into individual pieces that can be modeled separately, while its reusability allows using a software component repeatedly in different contexts     

32位微处理器在工业实时显控系统中的应用

提出了一种基于32位微处理器MC68331的工业实时显控系统设计方案.实现了主微处理器和显控系统微处理器进行异步串行通信时抗干扰性能优良的电平转换电路设计,利用MC68331内部的SIM(系统集成模块)及GPT(通用定时器)模块配置外围扩展系统,最大限度地节省了硬件资源,降低了成本.     

Pascal for school and hobby use

This paper describes a solution to the problem of providing a Pascal compiler suitable for running on a low cost microprocessor system. On such machines, severe store constraints and lack of any usable backing store are imposed by cost limitation. General compiler organization techniques for store conservation are precluded and code compaction, for example, becomes relatively more important.     

基于模糊PID的整平机姿态控制算法设计与实现

针对目前国内的整平机整平精度低、抗干扰能力弱、动态响应时间长等问题,对整平机姿态控制算法进行了研究,比较并分析了PID控制和模糊控制的优缺点,设计了基于模糊PID的整平机姿态控制算法。在Matlab/Simulink仿真环境下,选定了合适的隶属度函数、模糊推理法和解模糊法,调试得出了使系统达到最优控制效果的模糊规则库。以STM32F407为处理器实现了该算法,在整平机实验平台上进行了姿态控制实验。结果表明模糊PID控制算法能够使整平机平地铲在扰动下保持良好的控制效果,控制精度和响应速度较常规PID有了大幅提升,在农业和建筑业平地系统中具有很强的应用价值。