人体运动捕捉过程中的人体下肢动作识别

为了实现对虚拟人大范围运动的控制,针对人体下肢运动过程提出一种动作识别方法.首先根据人体下肢运动特点选取人体下肢动作识别运动参数,提出一种基于小波分形和最小二乘拟合的动作特征提取方法;然后基于支持向量机实现了对下肢运动链中各运动参数的动作识别;在获得各运动参数识别结果的基础上,采用证据理论实现了对识别结果的融合.采用运动捕捉数据进行实验的结果表明,该方法需要的训练样本少、实时性好,能够满足不同体型的人体动作识别需求,具有较好的应用前景.     

人体动作行为识别研究综述

人体动作行为识别因其在视频监控、虚拟现实、人机智能交互等领域的广泛应用而成为计算机视觉领域的研究热点.文中将人体动作行为识别问题归纳为计算机经过检测动作数据而获取并符号化动作信息,继而提取和理解动作特征以实现动作行为分类的过程,在此基础上,从运动目标检测、动作特征提取和动作特征理解3个方面对涉及到的技术进行回顾分析,对相关方法进行分类,并讨论相关难点和研究方向.     

基于三维图像动作识别算法研究

人体运动时的行为特征具有多样性和复杂性,无法采用精准的形状基描述人体行为的不确定性,进而无法构建人体三维运动模型,不能对人体三维图像动作进行准确的识别.传统方法假设人体运动的形状基数量稳定,人体运动行为具有复杂的形变特征,导致形状基参数出现波动,采用固定的形状基无法准确分析人体的复杂运动特征,使得人体三维图像动作识别存在较大的误差.提出一种Murkowski距离三维图像动作识别算法,依据人体运动时的物理特征将人体运动结构形状基参数处于Murkowski距离约束条件下,采用非线性优化方法进行求解获取人体三维行为特征,获取人体行为三维模型,进而实现对人体行为的准确判断.实验结果表明,改进算法能够对人体三维图像动作进行准确的识别,并且具有较高的精准度.     

基于体感遥控的全向移动机器人的系统设计

设计一款利用人体骨骼移动信息生成控制指令控制基于麦克纳姆轮的具有全向移动抓取功能的机器人及其控制系统.首先通过kinect获取人体深度图像数据,然后利用骨骼追踪技术提取人体各个关节点,并建立空间坐标系,最后通过空间向量计算法计算出人体关节转动角度,从而识别出控制动作并映射成相关控制命令.之后利用WiFi无线传输,将控制命令传输到机器人使其执行相应动作.对系统动作识别效率和模拟场景任务执行进行测试,并给出测试结果.     

基于动作图像特征的人体运动行为挖掘算法

研究人体行为图像特征识别问题,在人体动作图像中存在大量的和真实行为无关的掩饰动作特征,掩饰动作的存在会大大干扰人体真实行为特征,造成行为真实特征关联的减弱,形成干扰.传统的关联特征挖掘方法在关联干扰的情况下,很难建立准确的行为特征对应空间,使得关联性发生混乱,造成行为特征挖掘错误.提出了一种采用动作特征人体运行行为挖掘算法.利用黄金分割方法,计算动作特征的权值比重,从而删除冗余特征,为人体行为挖掘提供准确的数据基础.利用非线性分类函数,对人体行为特征进行分类,从而实现人体运动行为的挖掘.实验结果表明,利用改进算法能够有效提高人体运动行为识别的准确性,从而有效地对人体运动行为进行有效识别.     

基于慢特征分析的智能护理床人体动作识别方法研究

智能护理床是针对卧床病人的护理困难问题提出的一项对病人进行实时检测的自动化护理设备。已有的智能护理床在对卧床病人实行监测时，对压力信号的识别效果不佳，无法准确判断卧床病人的实际动作。据此，研究针对已有智能护理床在人体动作识别中存在的问题，提出利用慢特征分析方法对智能护理床的信号压力进行处理后再构建人体动作的识别模型。利用从医院采集的卧床病人动作对模型进行性能测试。结果显示，研究提出的基于慢特征分析的人体动作识别模型的平均准确率达到87.03%。因此，研究提出的基于慢特征分析的智能护理床人体动作识别模型具有相对理想的准确率和效率，可以有效判断卧床病人发出的不同动作，改善卧床病人的护理质量。     

基于混合特征的人体动作识别改进算法

运动特征的选择直接影响人体动作识别方法的识别效果.单一特征往往受到人体外观、环境、摄像机设置等因素的影响不同,其适用范围不同,识别效果也是有限的.在研究人体动作的表征与识别的基础上,充分考虑不同特征的优缺点,提出一种结合全局的剪影特征和局部的光流特征的混合特征,并用于人体动作识别.实验结果表明,该算法得到了理想的识别结果,对于Weizmann数据库中的动作可以达到100％的正确识别率.     

基于实时视频感知的虚拟体育交互系统

针对疫情常态化背景下,传统体育项目受场地、器材等限制,市场上相关产品价格昂贵、可扩展性不足等问题,提出了一种基于实时视频感知的虚拟体育交互系统.该系统设计视频数据采集模块和人体关节点提取模块,结合OpenPose获取人体的关节点坐标,实时捕捉人体手势以及肢体动作.动作语义理解模块包括运动动作理解和绘图动作理解.前者根据运动中肢体关节点的相对位置关系,识别运动动作语义.后者将手腕部关节点绘图动作轨迹生成为草图图像,使用AlexNet进行识别分类,解析为对应的绘制动作语义.该模型在边缘端设备的分类准确率为98.83%.采用基于Unity设计的草图游戏应用作为可视化交互界面,实现在虚拟场景中的运动交互.该系统使用实时视频感知交互方式实现居家运动健身,无需其他的外部设备,具有更强的参与度和趣味性.     

一种基于WiFi信道状态信息的人体动作识别方法

人体动作识别是以人为中心的物联网的核心技术之一,为了实现无需穿戴设备、低成本的动作识别系统,提出了一种基于WiFi信道状态信息(Channel State Information, CSI)的人体动作识别方法,该方法采用Hampel滤波结合离散小波去噪对CSI信息进行处理后,利用CSI幅度方差确定动作起止区间,从中提取CSI的特征向量,并用线性判别式分析算法(Linear Discriminant Analysis, LDA)分类器实现人体日常生活中“蹲下”、“站起”、“坐下”、“捡起”和“走”5种动作的识别,实验结果表明平均识别率可达到96%。     

基于Kinect与九轴传感器的篮球训练系统的应用研究

篮球运动中篮球技术动作的准确运用至关重要,因此对于运动员动作的捕捉与规范也具有重要的意义.人体动作捕捉系统是一种利用数字信息技术来检测人体在三维空间中运动信息的技术,目前已广泛运用于虚拟现实、体感游戏等多个领域,基于Kinect与九轴传感器的智能篮球训练系统,通过九轴传感器与Kinect进行人体动作的数据采集,利用卡尔曼滤波算法对数据进行校正,运用多种算法实现数据匹配与动作相似度分析,帮助使用者在任何场地都可以直观了解自身技术动作的情况,对动作进行规范性指导.     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

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Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate