一种改进的无线传感器网络LEACH协议及仿真

针对无线传感器网络经典LEACH协议中簇首数目选择及通信方面的不足,提出一种改进的M-LEACH算法,对如何动态确定最优簇数目进行了研究,分析了影响最优簇数目的因素,推导出了最优簇首比例公式,同时给出了一种能量均衡的无线传感器网络分簇路由算法。仿真实验结果表明,与经典LEACH协议相比,运行M-LEACH协议后能够减少网络能耗和均衡网络能耗,延长网络的生命周期。     

一种能量均衡的无线传感器网络分簇路由协议

由于无线传感器网络节点能量有限,为均衡无线传感器网络节点之间的能量消耗,提高整体网络的生命周期,针对LEACH协议中簇首选举时未考虑节点剩余能量因素、随机分簇等不足,提出了一种改进的LEACH协议.改进的LEACH协议在簇首选举时,以节点的剩余能量作为重要参考依据,优化节点担任簇首的概率.仿真结果表明,与传统的LEACH协议相比,改进的LEACH协议达到了能量消耗均衡的目标,从而延长了网络的生存寿命.     

一种基于LEACH的改进无线传感器网络路由协议

为了在无线传感器网络(WSN)中降低能耗和提高网络生存期,针对LEACH协议中簇头选举不合理和随机分簇的不足,提出了一种LEACH的改进协议.该协议首先计算无线传感器网络的最佳分簇数量,然后与遗传算法相结合对网络进行分簇,再根据簇中节点的剩余能量等情况选出簇头节点.仿真结果表明,与经典的LEACH协议相比,改进后的协议减少了网络的能量消耗,延长了网络生命周期.     

优化分簇的无线传感器网络路由算法

延长传感器网络的生存周期,降低网络节点的能耗成为无线传感器网络(WSN)研究的关键.由于无线传感器网络能量有限,针对LEACH算法中簇首分布不均、簇首数目偏离最优值等对网络能耗的影响,提出了一种同时考虑节点剩余能量、最优簇数和簇首分布状况来选择簇首的算法EBCS-LEACH.新算法使簇首数目为最佳,以满足能量阈值的节点才能当选为簇首和对簇首的分布进行了相应调整.仿真结果表明,EBCS-LEACH算法延长了网络的生存周期,相比LEACH算法生命周期延长19.5％,同时能耗也更加均衡.     

一种通过剩余能量过滤进行簇头选举的低能耗无线路由算法

基于LEACH协议提出一种改进的无线传感器网络的自组织路由算法。该算法在原LEACH协议的簇头产生环节做了较大改进,在簇头产生过程中,将当前节点剩余能量与全无线传感器网络节点平均剩余能量进行比较,防止剩余能量小于全网平均剩余能量的节点当选簇头,进一步优化了全网络节点能量消耗的均衡性,有效推迟了节点的死亡时间。通过在簇头选举阶段使用有目的性的筛选取代LEACH的随机选取,实现降低无线传感器网络能耗、延长网络生命周期的目的。通过MATLAB仿真软件进行试验测试,结果表明,改进的算法可以提高无线网络的生命周期,均衡无线网络能量消耗,增加网络吞吐量,有效延迟无线网络节点的死亡时间。     

基于LEACH的WSNs分簇优化策略

针对LEACH算法中能量消耗不均匀的缺陷,本文提出了一种改进的路由协议来提高无线传感器网络的能量效率。在簇首选择阶段,引入节点剩余能量和初始能量来调节传感器节点随机数的大小;在成簇阶段,该算法将节点的剩余能量和距离汇聚节点的远近作为成簇的依据,使簇首的分布更加合理;在数据传输阶段,将节点与汇聚节点之间的距离及节点的剩余能量相结合,提出一种单跳与多跳相结合的传输方式,从而减少了能量消耗。仿真实验表明,改进后的算法能够更好的减少能耗,延长无线传感器网络的生命周期。     

基于无线传感器网络LEACH协议的改进算法

基于无线传感器节点的位置信息及剩余能量,提出了一种基于LEACH协议的改进算法-PE-LEACH协议。PE—LEACH协议基于节点的位置信息进行分簇,基于节点的剩余能量及位置信息进行簇头的选择,当簇头距离汇聚节点较远时采取中转方式传送数据。较好的平衡了网络能量负载,延长了网络的生命周期。仿真结果表明：PE—LEACH协议与LEACH协议相比,提高了网络能量的利用率,延长了节点的生命周期。     

一种新的基于LEACH的WSN路由算法

研究无线传感器网络路由算法,无线传感器网络由能量有限的节点组成,因此高效节能的路由算法是无线传感器网络组网的基础.针对低功耗自适应分簇(LEACH)路由算法存在簇首节点选择不合理以及簇首节点与基站在远距离通信过程中能量消耗大的不足,提出了一种改进的LEACH路由算法.改进的算法在簇建立阶段的簇首选举过程中,引入节点剩余能量因素,且进行均匀分簇,有效地降低剩余能量较小和位置不佳节点成为簇首的可能性,均衡了网络的能量消耗,在簇稳定工作阶段,节点间的数据传输采用单跳和多跳相结合的通信方式,从而降低网络能耗.仿真结果表明,与传统的LEACH算法相比,改进的LEACH算法能量均衡性更好,并显著地延长了网络的存活时间.     

LEACH-REC算法的研究及实现

LEACH(低功耗自适应集簇分层协议)是无线传感器网络中常用的分簇路由算法。在LEACH算法的基础上,提出一种基于节点剩余能量和区域中心化的算法(LEACH-REC)。该算法从两个方面进行改进,在回合的建立阶段,根据节点的剩余能量和位置选择簇首;在数据传输阶段,将簇首分成不同的区域,某个区域的簇首节点根据weight(i,j)的值选择下一跳,直到数据传输到sink节点。模拟实验表明,对比LEACH和LEACH-ED,该算法(LEACH-REC)传感器网络的生命周期分别延长了600和400回合左右,网络的服务质量有明显的提高。     

一种分布式能量有效的无线传感器网络分簇路由协议

提出了一种分布式能量有效的无线传感器网络分簇路由协议DEEC(Distributed Energy-efficient Clustering Algorithm)。该协议采用基于时间的簇首选择算法,广播时间取决于自身剩余能量和其邻居节点的剩余能量。在数据传输阶段,采用簇内单跳与簇间多跳相结合的方式,引入权值函数优化簇首中继节点的选择。仿真实验结果表明,与LEACH,PEGASIS协议相比,DEEC能够有效地节约单个节点能量、均衡网络能耗、延长网络生存周期。     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

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Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate