基于角色驱动的多Agent主体工作流模型的研究

在分析了传统的几种工作流建模方法的基础上，提出了基于角色驱动的多Agent体工作流模型，把多Agent的协作交互作为模型的主体，模型中引入了多Agent，把任务的执行者看作Agent，该Agent具有角色库，可以拥有一个或者多个角色，并用这些Agent之间的交流协作来描述工作流过程，使得执行者Agent成为模型的主体，改变了传统的模型中人的被动地位，使活动能更加顺利圆满地完成，同时也很好地解决了业务过程中可能存在的活动执行者的多角色和角色变化的问题。     

基于主动工作流视图的跨组织工作流管理和监控

跨组织工作流可以有效的利用不同企业的资源,提高企业的生产率,因而得到了越来越广泛的应用。如何使企业在增强对外交互能力的同时,保护企业内部的敏感信息,是跨组织工作流应用中的重要问题。工作流视图能有选择的隐藏企业私有工作流的细节,同时对外提供面向过程的接口,是一种有效的实现跨组织工作流的方法。在引入主动工作流视图概念的基础上,提出基于主动工作流视图的跨组织工作流管理和监控的体系结构,探讨了跨组织工作流的主动监控及其实现。     

基于角色的工作流系统访问控制模型

工作流技术在办公自动化、电子商务、电子政务等领域得到广泛关注，工作流系统的安全问题变得日益突出．访问控制是工作流系统安全机制的重要环节．本文在NIST推荐的标准RBAC模型的基础上，结合实际情况，提出一种基于角色的工作流系统访问控制模型WRBAC．该模型描述了用户、角色、许可、活动等要素之间的关系，给出了静态和动态授权约束规则，能有效防止重要信息的泄漏和商业欺诈，满足工作流系统对访问控制的需求．     

跨组织工作流的动态协同技术研究

跨组织的工作流致力于跨越组织边界进行业务重组。针对多个组织间动态协同的复杂性,在组织间协作过程中必须考虑对组织的隐私信息、已建立的工作流和已建立的工作流管理系统的保护,解决成员间进行信息共享时出现的问题,从而真正实现协同商务。为满足这些需求,提出了基于视图的方法,这个方法考虑了工作流和资源的部分可见性,不同程度的可见性可以使企业保持其内部工作流隐私和安全性所需的水平,从而把工作流的可见性降低到合作所需的最低水平。研究的目的是使得组织在增强对外交互能力的同时,保护组织内部的敏感信息。     

跨组织工作流的动态协同技术研究

跨组织的工作流致力于跨越组织边界进行业务重组.针对多个组织间动态协同的复杂性,在组织问协作过程中必须考虑对组织的隐私信息、已建立的工作流和已建立的工作流管理系统的保护,解决成员间进行信息共享时出现的问题,从而真正实现协同商务.为满足这些需求,提出了基于视图的方法,这个方法考虑了工作流和资源的部分可见性,不同程度的可见性可以使企业保持其内部工作流隐私和安全性所需的水平,从而把工作流的可见性降低到合作所需的最低水平.研究的目的是使得组织在增强对外交互能力的同时,保护组织内部的敏感信息.     

基于角色的工作流管理系统研究

工作流是业务过程的全部或者部分自动执行。将业务过程进行抽象建立过程模型是工作流管理的第一步。以活动为中心的工作流管理系统过于强调执行的过程,忽略了流程管理中的主动因素——角色。本文主要以角色为中心建立业务流程模型,通过角色的交互实现业务目标,角色及其核心元素使用XML定义。流程通过角色之间的交互来实现。给出了适用于角色模型的工作流管理系统的体系结构。     

结合公共视图和对象Petri网的跨组织流程建模

组织间协同的信息流以及每个参与组织的自治性是跨组织协同的两个要素。结合跨组织工作流建模与对象网之间的相似性,提出了一种基于公共视图和对象Petri网的跨组织工作流建模方法。组织的公共视图隐藏了内部流程细节,是原流程中仅与合作伙伴相关的活动在外部的投影。通过组合各参与组织的公共视图得到了跨组织协同的信息流网结构,利用对象网的交互集建立了组织内部流程与通信结构的同步关系。通过一个建模实例阐述了该方法的有效性。     

一种跨组织柔性工作流引擎的设计与实现

工作流在实际应用中经常涉及到不同系统间的业务流程协作问题,以及由于业务突发变动而产生的动态适应问题。为了解决这两者问题,提出了一种结合跨组织和柔性工作流技术的工作流引擎设计方案。对已有的跨组织工作流技术和柔性工作流技术的相关研究成果进行了分析总结,在此基础上进一步设计了一种工作流模型,该模型既支持跨业务系统交互,同时也支持业务内部的流程动态变更。结合实际场景分析来阐述该模型的跨组织业务处理和业务动态变更机制的功能设计。以流程回退为例介绍该模型的原型实现。     

策略约束面向角色和团队关系的工作流任务分配管理

对任务分配进行有效的管理是适应性工作流中实现动态调整和适应性调整的关键因素之一，WfMC工作流元模型以及绝大多数的工作流管理系统中都引入了基于角色的任务分配，但是很多忽视企业典型工作方式－团队工作方式－与任务分配之间的关系，为此，提出了一个面向角色与团队的混合任务分配方式，并通过层次性策略来约束与协调任务分配中的复杂情况，进一步提高了工作流的适应性，在此基础上建立一个基于单列表，多视图的任务分配管理的实现机制。该方法虽然增加了工作流引擎的复杂性，但更符合企业的工作模式，方便业务建模及实施。     

基于Web的交互式教学系统的研究

研究了基于自适应的动态工作流在培训管理中的应用。首先分析了工作流模型的动态性,然后对基于角色的过程动态建模、组织动态建模进行了讨论,着重分析了基于角色状态的动态访问控制机制,最后介绍了工作流模型的动态演化过程。     

一种跨边界业务过程集成平台

针对分布式异构环境下业务过程集成效率低、动态性差等问题,文章提出了一种跨边界业务过程集成模型,通过将跨边界业务过程集成模型构建为包含业务过程层、自治域内业务过程集成层以及跨边界业务过程集成层三个层次的层次模型,将每层问题简化,并通过层次间的紧密耦合解决复杂的实际问题。基于层次模型构建基于WebService的业务过程集成平台的体系结构,并利用业务过程动态协商技术,动态选择可提供个性化服务的服务提供者,按照合作双方协商结果进行实际业务过程集成,以提高跨边界业务过程集成的效率和动态适应能力。     

The Application of Workflow Technology in Semantic B2B Integration

Workflow Management Systems (WFMSs) are often used in context of B2B integration as a base technology to implement business-to-business (B2B) integration processes across enterprises. In this context the notion of distributed inter-organizational workflows is introduced to indicate the collaboration of enterprises on a process level. This notion requires a thorough examination presented in this article since WFMSs were not designed with inter-enterprise distribution as one of the design goals. At a closer look, the proposed use of WFMSs in context of B2B integration is often very naïve and inappropriate. Consequently it does not address the real requirements found in enterprises. Enterprises do not share common workflow definitions, let alone common workflow instance execution state and have no intent to do so due to competitive knowledge protection. Furthermore, trading partner specific business rules within enterprises are not accounted for leading to an unwanted explosion of workflow definitions. This article clarifies the notion of distributed inter-organizational workflows as well as private and public processes. Based on this definition, the appropriate use of WFMSs is shown in context of an overall B2B integration solution that allows enterprises to protect their competitive knowledge while participating in B2B integration.     

A meta modeling approach to workflow management systems supporting exception handling

Workflow Management Systems (WFMSs) facilitate the definition of structure and decomposition of business processes and assists in management of coordinating, scheduling, executing and monitoring of such activities. Most of the current WFMSs are built on traditional relational database systems and/or using an object-oriented database system for storing the definition and run time data about the workflows. However, a WFMS requires advanced modeling functionalities to support adaptive features, such as on-line exception handling. This article describes our advanced meta-modeling approach using various enabling technologies (such as object orientation, roles, rules, active capabilities) supported by an integrated environment, the ADOME, as a solid basis for a flexible WFMS involving dynamic match making, migrating workflows and exception handling.     

Business-to-government application integration framework: A case study of the high technology industry in Taiwan

Business-to-government integration (B2Gi) requires the development of a unique, inter-organizational integration framework to meet the dynamic requirements of various business entities and government organizations. The authors proposed a conceptual framework for the inter-organizational integration service provider (IISP) as a philosophical and strategic guideline for developing inter-organizational integration. A real-world case study was discussed, with the presentation of a cost-benefit model to assess the possibility for adopting such a business model. With the assistance of the guideline for B2Gi, it is anticipated that the proposed integration model will take advantage of the trade-off between the flexibility and controllability issues.     

ScopeWork中任务处理机制的设计

工作流管理系统（ＷＦＭＳ）把业务流程中的每一项活动着作任务,并负责组织、调度和控这些相互关联的任务。工作流中任务的模型描述和接口设计是开发工作流应用中重要的组成部分,它直接影响着任务间的调度执行,本文主要讨论基于ＣＯＲＢＡ的ＷＦＭＳ ＳｃｏｐＷｏｒｋ中的任务管理器和任务处理的设计。     

SOA adoption in business networks: do service-oriented architectures really advance inter-organizational integration?

The emergence of the Internet as a global communication infrastructure has dramatically reduced interaction costs within and across organizations, with significant impact on inter-organizational relationships, vertical industry structures, and markets. More recently, service-oriented architectures (SOA) and Web services have introduced the next paradigm shift and foster the idea of dynamic business networks with quick connect and disconnect relationships. However, little research has systematically analyzed how companies leverage SOA to improve their inter-organizational relationships and reshape their business networks. In addition, the mature research stream on inter-organizational information systems (IOS) has not yet sufficiently considered SOA. In order to close this gap, our research seeks to improve the fundamental understanding of how SOA is applied in business networks and how it differs from prior forms of IOS. Using an exploratory research approach, we investigate 33 SOA cases to identify focus areas and patterns of SOA adoption in business networks. Our case analysis builds on a multi-dimensional classification scheme which we derived from prior literature. While our empirical findings do not confirm all promising propositions related to SOA, they underline the specific contribution of SOA compared to prior forms of IOS. We conclude by suggesting five clusters of SOA adoption in the inter-organizational domain, each of those introducing new aspects in the coordination of distributed business networks.     

工作流管理的发展历程和趋势

工作流管理被誉为信息系统的后勤,它让合适的人或软件在恰当的时间执行正确的工作,使计算机上的业务处理流程自动化。本文用历史的观点对工作流管理的发展历程进行了回顾,揭示了工作流管理对未来信息系统的影响。根据分析当前的工作流管理系统,我们总结出流程建模和系统结构方面的不足,并对工作流管理的未来发展趋势从建模和
和实施两个方面进行了预测。     

Using intentional fragments to bridge the gap between organizational and intentional levels

ContextBusiness process models provide a natural way to describe real-world processes to be supported by software-intensive systems. These models can be used to analyze processes in the system-as-is and describe potential improvements for the system-to-be. But, how well does a given business process model satisfy its business goals? How can different perspectives be integrated in order to describe an inter-organizational process?ObjectiveThe aim of the present paper is to link the local and the global perspectives of the inter-organizational business process defined in BPMN 2.0 (Business Process Model and Notation) to KAOS goal models (Keep All Objectives Satisfied). We maintain a separation of concerns between the intentional level captured by the goal model and the organizational level captured by the process model. The paper presents the concept of intentional fragment (a set of flow elements of the process with a common purpose) and assess its usefulness.MethodWe conducted empirical experiments where the proposed concepts – here the intentional fragments – are validated by users. Our method relies on an iterative improvement process led by users feedback.ResultsWe find that the concept of intentional fragment is useful for (1) analyzing the business process model (2) reasoning about the relations between the goal model and the business process model and (3) identifying new goals. In a previous work we focused on BPMN 2.0 collaboration models (local view). This paper extends the previous work by integrating the global view given by choreography models in the approach.ConclusionWe conclude that the notion of intentional fragment is a useful mean to relate business process models and goal models while dealing with their different nature (activity oriented vs goal oriented). Intentional fragments can also be used to analyze the process model and to infer new goals in an iterative manner.     

REST架构视角下面向内容协同的BPM引擎设计与实现

设计并实现了一个通用的多用户、多角色为主体的面向知识密集型协作的业务流程管理平台。在传统的工作流引擎中扩展了基于资源和角色间的约束和关联的元数据描述框架,实现了流程定义级和实例级的用户、角色和资源的动态映射、运行时自适应的动态任务创建和满足角色资源约束和关联的动态任务表单构建。     

工作流管理的现状和未来趋势

工作流管理是一个新兴的研究领域,被誉为信息系统的后勤,它让合适的人或软件在恰当的时间执行正确的工作,使计算机上的业务处理流程自动化。本文用历史的观点对工作流管理的发展历程进行了回顾,揭示了工作流管理对未来信息系统的影响。根据分析当前的工作流管理系统,我们总结了两个主要不足之处;（1）工作流管理系统的定义不明确以及缺乏统一的概念模型,（2）工作流管理系统的系统结构和能力上的不足,并对工作流管理的未来发展趋势从建模和实施两个方面进行了预测。