基于资源本体的Web服务发现与组合研究

将语义Web技术引入Web服务研究,提出一种基于资源本体的Web服务发现和组合方法。通过分析资源之间关系,建立了基于上下位资源查找的Web服务发现方法;通过分析资源与服务的输入输出关系,建立了一种逐级查找的Web服务组合方法。与基于关键字和Web服务语义的Web服务发现和组合方法相比,基于资源本体的方法能较好地满足服务查全率和查准率的要求,具有较高的组合质量和效率,非常适合与资源密切相关的Web服务。     

A JESS-enabled context elicitation system for providing context-aware Web services

Providing context-aware Web services is an adaptive process of delivering contextually matched Web services to meet service requesters’ needs. We define the term “context” from two perspectives: one from service requesters; and the other from Web services. From the former perspective, context is defined as the surrounding environment affecting requesters’ services discovery and access, such as requesters’ preferences, locations, activities, and accessible network and devices. From the latter perspective, context is defined as the surrounding environment affecting Web services delivery and execution, such as networks and protocols for service binding, devices and platforms for service execution, and so on. This paper presents a Java Expert System Shell (JESS)-enabled context elicitation system featuring an ontology-based context model that formally describes and acquires contextual information pertaining to service requesters and Web services. Based on the context elicitation system, we present a context-aware services-oriented architecture for providing context-aware Web service request, publication, and discovery. Implementation details of the context elicitation system and the evaluation results of context-aware service provision are also reported.     

基于多阶段匹配的语义Web服务发现框架

随着Web服务的高速发展和广泛应用,如何在众多的Web服务中找出用户所需要的Web服务成为了一个关键的问题.在语义Web服务研究的基础上,提出了一种新的多阶段匹配的语义Web服务发现框架,将整个发现过程分为服务类别、服务功能、服务名称和服务文本语句匹配4个阶段,并在服务功能匹配阶段针对本体库中概念间的密度问题,提出了基于信息量的改进GCSM算法,在服务名称和服务文本语句匹配阶段,针对中文多义词的问题提出了基于实例搭配和基本义原的消歧策略.最后,实验证明提出的发现框架具有较好的可行性和有效性.     

基于参与者上下文概念意图的语用Web服务发现

为了使得语义Web服务的发现结果与服务请求者的意图更加一致,提高服务发现的准确性,改善服务发现和选择的自动化性能。在服务描述中增加了对于服务提供者和服务请求者的上下文知识的表示,使用规划的方法完成服务参与者之间对于私有的上下文本体概念意图的理解。实验表明,该方法能够有效提高发现的准确性,在使用标准服务测试集进行服务发现实验时,尽管概念规划使得服务发现时间有所增加,但服务发现的准确性得到很大提高,尤其对于描述服务领域本体语义差异较大的情况,服务发现的结果更为准确。     

IRS-III: A broker-based approach to semantic Web services

A factor limiting the take up of Web services is that all tasks associated with the creation of an application, for example, finding, composing, and resolving mismatches between Web services have to be carried out by a software developer. Semantic Web services is a combination of semantic Web and Web service technologies that promise to alleviate these problems. In this paper we describe IRS-III, a framework for creating and executing semantic Web services, which takes a semantic broker-based approach to mediating between service requesters and service providers. We describe the overall approach and the components of IRS-III from an ontological and architectural viewpoint. We then illustrate our approach through an application in the eGovernment domain.     

一种基于语义的Web服务匹配算法

概要:在当前Web服务发现过程中,采用基于数据类型和关键词的搜索匹配算法,而忽略了人类语言表达的多样性。通常服务请求者对需求描述不能很好符合Web服务匹配算法的要求,是造成服务匹配率较低的主要原因。本文探讨一种基于语义的Web服务匹配算法,分别对服务提供者注册Web服务,服务请求者提交Web服务请求以及服务注册中心进行Web服务匹配等三个过程提出了改进算法,从而可提高服务匹配率。     

语义Web在Web服务中的应用

在分析了现有的Web服务标准和语义Web的基础上,介绍了一种把二者结合起来的语义Web服务(SWS)。它可以实现在不需要人的参与下,Web服务的自动发现、自动调用和自动组合。对于语义Web服务的开发有3种方法,文中重点介绍了实现SWS的一种基于本体的面向代理的OWL-S开发方法。     

利用聚类优化语义Web服务发现

针对传统Web服务缺乏语义造成注册中心返回结果不精确的问题,提出了一种用OWL-S提供语义支持,并据语义相似度将Web服务聚类的解决方法。该方法应用OWL-S实现Web服务的语义描述,采用凝聚的层次聚类的Single-Link算法将相似Web服务聚类,快速定位并返回最合适的服务,提高了服务发现的精确性。     

基于本体分类的Web服务合成的研究及应用

阐述了一个基于本体分类的Web服务合成模型，扩展标准的WSDL服务描述，将Web服务及其参数严格映射到本体概念分类层次，使服务描述保存了语义信息，领域本体过滤确保了合成服务的有效性，基于用户的需求描述实现了从现有Web服务中动态发现、匹配和组合服务的功能的算法，根据用户的服务质量要求，模型还能从生成的合成服务链中筛选出最佳服务组合。整个模型在一定程度上实现了服务合成的自动化。     

一种基于情境的语义Web服务发现方法

在普适计算环境下,如何结合情境信息以发现满足用户需求的服务,是目前Web服务研究的一个关键问题.提出一种基于情境的Web服务发现框架,采用本体进行情境建模,利用用户反馈信息进行权重计算,并给出了一个基于相似度的语义Web服务的匹配算法.最后通过实验验证了该方法的有效性.     

基于语义的Web服务自动发现、匹配及执行平台

基于UDDI技术的普遍的Web服务发现、匹配、执行平台有可能产生严重的效率及服务响应延迟问题，文中介绍了一个限定于特定领域的Web服务自动发现、匹配及执行系统以试图解决此问题，同时给出了一个基于OWL-S本体语言的系统实现。在服务选择过程中实现了地域匹配功能，并为服务请求代理提供了一个初步的行为记忆功能。     

Software trustworthiness 2.0—A semantic web enabled global source code analysis approach

There has been an ongoing trend toward collaborative software development using open and shared source code published in large software repositories on the Internet. While traditional source code analysis techniques perform well in single project contexts, new types of source code analysis techniques are ermerging, which focus on global source code analysis challenges. In this article, we discuss how the Semantic Web, can become an enabling technology to provide a standardized, formal, and semantic rich representations for modeling and analyzing large global source code corpora. Furthermore, inference services and other services provided by Semantic Web technologies can be used to support a variety of core source code analysis techniques, such as semantic code search, call graph construction, and clone detection. In this paper, we introduce SeCold, the first publicly available online linked data source code dataset for software engineering researchers and practitioners. Along with its dataset, SeCold also provides some Semantic Web enabled core services to support the analysis of Internet-scale source code repositories. We illustrated through several examples how this linked data combined with Semantic Web technologies can be harvested for different source code analysis tasks to support software trustworthiness. For the case studies, we combine both our linked-data set and Semantic Web enabled source code analysis services with knowledge extracted from StackOverflow, a crowdsourcing website. These case studies, we demonstrate that our approach is not only capable of crawling, processing, and scaling to traditional types of structured data (e.g., source code), but also supports emerging non-structured data sources, such as crowdsourced information (e.g., StackOverflow.com) to support a global source code analysis context.     

基于Ontology的地理服务描述

随着地理服务技术的发展,相应的地理服务的查询成为了一个重要的问题,其中一种解决方法是设计一种模块化的共享的Ontology来描述Web服务,并利用该Ontology进行服务查询。针对这个问题,该文提出了一种Ontology,它结合了已存在的各种不同的Ontology标准和元数据标准来描述地理服务。     

基于语义的Web服务发现机制研究

针对基于加语义描述,构建一种基于语义的Web服务发现机制.将Web服务请求进行语义解析,生成请求服务文档,在服务注册库中通过服务匹配算法,得到候选服务集,并借助线形评价标准对所选服务进行语义评估,为服务请求者选择最优的服务.     

面向Web服务发现的本体知识库

本文探讨了面向Web服务发现的本体知识库的构建方法及其形式化描述。作为语义Web服务的发现框架中数据层和语义层,面向Web服务的本体知识库与一般的常识知识库不同,它既要表达领域本体的知识(本文涉及旅游领城知识),又涉及到Web服务的形式化描述以及个人兴趣模型的描述,以支持形式化的规范查询请求,并应用本体间的关系最终实现Web服务智能发现。本文通过一个Web服务发现实例说明此模型的应用价值,并与传统的本体知识库进行了对比。     

EASY: Efficient semAntic Service discoverY in pervasive computing environments with QoS and context support

Pervasive computing environments are populated with networked software and hardware resources providing various functionalities that are abstracted, thanks to the Service Oriented Architecture paradigm, as services. Within these environments, service discovery enabled by service discovery protocols (SDPs) is a critical functionality for establishing ad hoc associations between service providers and service requesters. Furthermore, the dynamics, the openness and the user-centric vision aimed at by the pervasive computing paradigm call for solutions that enable rich, semantic, context- and QoS-aware service discovery. Although the semantic Web paradigm envisions to achieve such support, current solutions are hardly deployable in the pervasive environment due to the costly underlying semantic reasoning with ontologies. In this article, we present EASY to support efficient, semantic, context- and QoS-aware service discovery on top of existing SDPs. EASY provides EASY-L, a language for semantic specification of functional and non-functional service properties, as well as EASY-M, a corresponding set of conformance relations. Furthermore, EASY provides solutions to efficiently assess conformance between service capabilities. These solutions are based on an efficient encoding technique, as well as on an efficient organization of service repositories (caches), which enables both fast service advertising and discovery. Experimental results show that the deployment of EASY on top of an existing SDP, namely Ariadne, enhancing it only with slight changes to EASY-Ariadne, enables rich semantic, context- and QoS-aware service discovery, which furthermore performs better than the classical, rigid, syntactic matching, and improves the scalability of Ariadne.     

METEOR-S WSDI: A Scalable P2P Infrastructure of Registries for Semantic Publication and Discovery of Web Services

Web services are the new paradigm for distributed computing. They have much to offer towards interoperability of applications and integration of large scale distributed systems. To make Web services accessible to users, service providers use Web service registries to publish them. Current infrastructure of registries requires replication of all Web service publications in all Universal Business Registries. Large growth in number of Web services as well as the growth in the number of registries would make this replication impractical. In addition, the current Web service discovery mechanism is inefficient, as it does not support discovery based on the capabilities of the services, leading to a lot of irrelevant matches. Semantic discovery or matching of services is a promising approach to address this challenge. In this paper, we present a scalable, high performance environment for Web service publication and discovery among multiple registries. This work uses an ontology-based approach to organize registries into domains, enabling domain based classification of all Web services. Each of these registries supports semantic publication and discovery of Web services. We believe that the semantic approach suggested in this paper will significantly improve Web service publication and discovery involving a large number of registries. This paper describes the implementation and architecture of the METEOR-S Web Service Discovery Infrastructure, which leverages peer-to-peer computing as a scalable solution.     

基于本体聚类的面向业务用户服务发现模型

现有的基于语义的服务发现机制都存在着缺陷和不足，该文提出一种面向业务用户的、基于本体聚类的Web服务发现模型，应用本体聚类算法对领域本体和Web服务进行分层管理，实现了以业务用户为中心的设计思想。