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1 引言 控制系统的状态反馈对各种综合问题显示了其极大的优越性,但系统状态通常不可直接测量到,这就有必要引入状态观测器.对线性系统,著名的Kalman滤波器和Luenberger观测器设计方法为其提供了较为完善的答案.对非线性系统而言,观测器设计是一项具有复杂性的研究工作并引起了众多人的关注.通常来说,有这样几类非线性观测器设计方法:扩展Kalman 滤波器[1]及扩展Luenberger观测器方法[2],非线性坐标变换法[3~5]及类Lyapunov方法[6~10].与线性系统一样,非线性系统按其结构可分为全维观测器和降维观测器.本文对Lipschitz非线性系统降维观测器设计方法进行了讨论. 相似文献
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基于卡尔曼滤波的双闭环直流电机系统状态观测器 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在直流电机双闭环调速系统(DFDCMS)简化模型的基础上,分析了饱和非线性DFDCMS的能控性和能观性,提出了饱和非线性DFDCMS的关键状态描述.针对这些关键状态,基于饱和非线性DFDCMS的分段线性模型和卡尔曼滤波(KF),提出并实现了DFDCMS的KF状态观测器.在仿真平台和实际系统上比较了无滤波器(NF)的状态观测器、带巴特沃斯滤波器(BF)的状态观测器、KF状态观测器在不同情况下对运动执行机构状态辨识的效果.实验表明,所提基于饱和非线性DFDCMS模型的卡尔曼滤波状态观测器能更为有效地反映测试系统的运行状态. 相似文献
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针对一类具有时变扰动的非线性多智能体系统, 研究其在有向拓扑下的一致性跟踪问题, 提出一种基于精
确估计的复合自适应预设有限时间(PFT)漏斗控制方法. 首先, 构建一种新的PFT漏斗控制, 使跟踪误差约束在PFT
漏斗边界内. 其次, 采用神经网络(NN)逼近系统的未知非线性, 并利用NN逼近信息设计扰动观测器, 建立基于NN和
扰动观测器的复合估计模型, 将得到的预测误差引入NN权值的复合更新律中, 实现对未知非线性和时变扰动的精
确估计. 然后, 利用动态面技术和误差补偿机制, 在解决传统反步法“计算爆炸”问题的同时, 消除滤波器误差对系
统的影响. 最后, 通过Lyapunov稳定性理论证明闭环系统所有信号均为有界的, 并通过仿真实验验证控制方法的有
效性. 相似文献
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带有不匹配干扰的多智能体系统有限时间积分滑模控制 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
针对动态多智能体系统协同控制问题,本文研究了带有不匹配干扰的二阶多智能体系统的有限时间包容控制,提出了基于非线性积分滑模控制(Integral sliding-mode control,ISMC)的复合分布式包容控制算法.首先利用Lyapunov稳定性和齐次性定理,分析了未受扰系统的有限时间包容控制问题;然后针对存在不匹配干扰的多智能体动态系统,设计非线性有限时间干扰观测器估算智能体的状态和干扰,提出基于干扰观测器的复合分布式积分滑模控制协议,结合现代控制理论和滑模控制理论,研究了带有不匹配干扰的多智能体系统有限时间包容控制问题.最后数值仿真证明了控制算法的有效性. 相似文献
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This paper presents a novel nonlinear continuous-time observer based on the differential state-dependent Riccati equation(SDRE) filter with guaranteed exponential stability.Although impressive results have rapidly emerged from the use of SDRE designs for observers and filters,the underlying theory is yet scant and there remain many unanswered questions such as stability and convergence.In this paper,Lyapunov stability analysis is utilized in order to obtain the required conditions for exponential stability of the estimation error dynamics.We prove that under specific conditions,the proposed observer is at least locally exponentially stable.Moreover,a new definition of a detectable state-dependent factorization is introduced,and a close relation between the uniform detectability of the nonlinear system and the boundedness property of the state-dependent differential Riccati equation is established.Furthermore,through a simulation study of a second order nonlinear model,which satisfies the stability conditions,the promising performance of the proposed observer is demonstrated.Finally,in order to examine the effectiveness of the proposed method,it is applied to the highly nonlinear flux and angular velocity estimation problem for induction machines.The simulation results verify how effectively this modification can increase the region of attraction and the observer error decay rate. 相似文献
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对一般形式的非线性系统,引入了Lyapunov稳定意义下观测器存在性的概念,讨论了降维观测器的存在性.指出若相对于一特别形式的Lyapunov函数在Lyapunov稳定意义下存在全维观测器,则还存在降维观测器,并给出了降维观测器之设计方法.为说明该方法的指导意义,用该方法相对于Lipschitz非线性系统给出了降维观测器设计,并对该设计相对于一具体模型进行了仿真分析,仿真结果表明了该设计方法的正确性及实用性. 相似文献
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In this paper, the problem of designing semi-global finite-time observers for a class of nonlinear systems is investigated. Based on the theories of finite-time stability, an approach to designing semi-global finite-time observers for the nonlinear systems is presented. It has been shown that, after the finite time, the designed finite-time observer realizes the accurate reconstruction of the states of the nonlinear system. A numerical example is given to illustrate the effectiveness and validity of the met... 相似文献
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一种基于全维和降维观测器的故障检测和重构方法 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
针对不确定性非线性系统,讨论基于观测器的执行器故障的检测和重构方法.首先,通过设计滑模全维观测器,产生对干扰具有鲁棒性、对故障具有敏感性的残差,来达到故障检测的目的;然后,设计能直接消去干扰和故障影响的降维观测器来达到状态渐近收敛估计,并在此基础上,提出故障重构方法;基于微分方程的数值解方法和函数微分的数值解方法,给出一种故障重构的数值解方法;最后,对一个实际模型进行仿真,结果表明了该方法的实用性. 相似文献
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We consider the problem of designing observers to asymptotically estimate the state of a system whose nonlinear time-varying terms satisfy an incremental quadratic inequality that is parameterized by a set of multiplier matrices. Observer design is reduced to solving linear matrix inequalities for the observer gain matrices. The proposed observers guarantee exponential convergence of the state estimation error to zero. In addition to considering a larger class of nonlinearities than previously considered, this paper unifies earlier related results in the literature. The results are illustrated by application to several examples. 相似文献
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Based on the theory of designing unknown input observers, an extended nonlinear observer canonical form is introduced. Observers can easily be constructed for those systems which can be transformed into this canonical form. Necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of such transformation are derived and furthermore an algorithm for calculating this transformation in given. 相似文献
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This paper is concerned with methods of designing nonlinear state observers for polynomic systems, which can be modeled by state equations with linear, bilinear, and quadratic terms. The general structure of polynomic observers is introduced and simulation serves as a useful tool to determine the final observer parameters. In the case of polynomic systems and linear systems, where some of the parameters are unknown, the polynomic observer theory can also be applied for a combined estimation of states and parameters. Several examples are given to demonstrate the necessity of modeling and simulation for choosing the observer structure as well as for adjusting the observer parameters. 相似文献
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V. O. Nikiforov 《Automation and Remote Control》2004,65(10):1531-1541
A new design for observers of external deterministic disturbances is developed, in which parametrized disturbance models for wide classes of linear and nonlinear objects can be derived on a unified basis. The possible parametric uncertainty of the controlled system and external disturbance generator has no influence on the observer structure and parameters, and is manifested in the uncertainty of the parametrized disturbance model. Therefore, our observers are convenient for designing adaptive control algorithms for parametrically uncertain systems under external disturbances or adaptive compensation algorithms for unknown external deterministic disturbances. 相似文献
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针对受限的非仿射非线性系统,结合自抗扰思想提出了非仿射系统的扩张状态观测器(ESO)设计,从而将辅助系统设计技巧拓展到了非仿射系统,然后利用反演和指令滤波器设计了自适应控制器,为受限的不确定非仿射系统提供了新的设计思路.为了补偿受限带来的影响,引入了辅助系统,它的状态被用来补偿跟踪误差.指令滤波器用来处理虚拟控制受限问题,同时获得虚拟控制导数的估计,避免了backstepping中对它的繁琐计算,扩张状态观测器被用来估计系统的未知非仿射非线性项和外部干扰.利用输入状态稳定性(ISS)分析了闭环系统的全局一致有界稳定性.最后仿真结果验证了该设计方案的有效性. 相似文献