基于聚类集成的蚁群算法求解大规模TSP问题

ACA（Ant Colony Algorithm）是一种可以有效求解组合优化的TSP（Travelling Salesman Problem）问题的方法。然而,当TSP问题的规模较大时,该算法的求解性能将会明显减弱。本文针对大规模TSP问题提出一种基于聚类集成的蚁群算法IAPACA（Improved AP Ant Colony Algorithm）的求解方法。利用AP（Affinity Propagation）聚类对大规模旅行商问题进行处理,将大规模旅行商问题分为若干子问题,并对每个子问题用蚁群算法进行寻优。然后用改进的集成方案对子问题进行组合,得到问题的结果。最后进行TSPLIB标准库测试算例的实验仿真,实验结果表明,基于聚类集成的蚁群算法具有更好的求解效果。     

改进蚁群优化方法求解立体表面TSP问题

给出立体表面TSP问题的数学模型,提出一种改进的蚁群优化算法,用于解决立体表面TSP问题。该算法能快速找到最优路径或近似最优路径,得到的解质量较高且计算时间短。实验方法表明,改进后的蚁群算法在TSP的求解中,收敛速度和全局寻优能力均得到较大的提高。     

求解TSP问题的一种改进蚁群算法

TSP问题是典型的NP—hard组合优化问题,用蚁群算法求解此问题存在搜索时间长,容易陷入局部最优解的不足。本文提出了一种改进的蚁群算法。该算法在蚁群算法中植入遗传算法,利用遗传算法生成信息素的分布,克服了蚁群算法中搜索时间长的缺陷。此外,在蚁群算法寻优中,采用交叉和变异的策略,改善了TSP解的质量。仿真结果显示,改进的蚁群算法是有效的。     

优化型蚁群算法在旅行商问题中的应用研究

针对基本蚁群算法的搜索时间长和局部收敛等现象,提出一种用于求解旅行商问题（TSP）的优化型蚁群算法,该算法有效地将最大最小蚁群算法（MMAS）和遗传算法（GA）相结合,一方面在很大程度上缩短了算法的寻优时间;另一方面有效地避免了算法的早熟停滞现象。利用MATLAB对多种TSP问题进行仿真研究,实验结果证明了优化型蚁群算法在性能上优于MMAS和GA。     

改进蚁群算法求解TSP

针对蚁群算法存在易陷入局部寻优、收敛缓慢等缺陷,提出一种基于邻接矩阵的两层搜索决策来选择转移路径的方法对蚁群算法进行改进,求解TSP问题。通过实验及分析,验证了该算法具有较好性能。     

基于MapReduce的动态自适应蚁群算法设计与实现

针对基本蚁群算法( ACO)在处理中等规模旅行商问题( TSP)上消耗时间过长的问题,提出一种基于MapReduce的动态自适应蚁群算法( MDACO)。该算法在信息素更新策略方面动态地调整信息素挥发系数,使蚁群能够自适应地寻找较优的路径结果,而且采用MapReduce计算模型将蚁群算法中循环迭代部分并行化,最终将其部署在Hadoop云计算平台上运行。当TSP节点数为150及以上时,该算法比基本蚁群算法的运行时间平均减少43.2%,路径寻优结果也得到进一步改善。仿真结果表明,该算法在保证问题求解质量以及提高求解速度方面具有优越性。     

自适应蚁群算法在求解TSP问题中的应用

围绕蚁群优化算法的理论及应用,针对蚁群算法在TSP规划中求解能力不足的难题,运用了一种基于自适应的蚂蚁算法,并对TSP规划进行了设计。为了提高路径规划的效率,将自适应与传统的蚂蚁算法相结合形成了自适应蚁群算法。仿真实验结果表明,改进后算法能够在较短时间内找到全局最优路径,相对于基本的蚁群算法在收敛速度、搜索质量和局部寻优方面都有了明显的提高。     

一种自适应分组的蚁群算法

蚁群优化算法是一种能应用于求解旅行商问题（Traveling Salesman Problem,TSP）的智能算法,但蚁群算法在求解TSP路径规划问题中存在收敛速度慢、易陷入局部最优解问题,而将蚂蚁算法的蚁群分组,能增加全局搜索能力,提高求解路径规划性能。通过分析蚁群分组大小与蚁群算法性能的关系,并提出了一种自适应分组蚁群算法,采用一种随迭代分组数减少策略方法,并将其应用于对TSP路径规划问题求解。通过实验结果对比表明,自适应分组蚁群算法在收敛速度和搜索质量方面都有了明显提高。     

求解TSP的改进量子蚁群算法

将量子群进化算法(QEA)与蚁群系统(ACS)进行融合,提出一种新的量子蚁群算法(QACA).该算法的核心是在蚁群系统(ACS)中引入量子算法中的量子的态矢量和量子旋转门来分别表示和更新信息素.该算法在全局寻优能力和种群多样性方面比蚁群算法有所改进,并结合TSP,对算法进行了测试,得到了与现有文献结果相同或更好的解,表明该算法是求解TSP的一种有效的算法.     

蚁群算法在TSP问题中的应用

TSP问题(旅行商问题)是组合优化问题中最经典的NP问题之一,蚁群算法是基于群体的一种仿生算法,为求解复杂的组合优化问题提供了一种新思路,本文讨论了如何用基本的蚁群算法来求解TSP问题。     

一种快速求解旅行商问题的蚁群算法

蚁群优化是一种元启发式的随机搜索技术,是目前解决组合优化问题最有效的工具之一.将信息素更新和随机搜索机制的改进相结合,提出一种快速求解旅行商问题的蚁群算法.首先给出了一种新的信息素增量模型,以体现蚂蚁在不同路径上行走时所产生的信息素差异;然后以蚂蚁经过的路径(直线段)作为信息素扩散浓度场的信源,改进了信息素扩散模型,强化了蚂蚁间的协作和交流;最后采用较低复杂度的变异策略对迭代的结果进行优化.在大量通用数据集上的实验表明,该算法不仅能获得更好的最优解,而且收敛速度有显著的提高.     

Solving the traveling salesman problem using cooperative genetic ant systems

The travelling salesman problem (TSP) is a classic problem of combinatorial optimization and has applications in planning, scheduling, and searching in many scientific and engineering fields. Ant colony optimization (ACO) has been successfully used to solve TSPs and many associated applications in the last two decades. However, ACO has problem in regularly reaching the global optimal solutions for TSPs due to enormity of the search space and numerous local optima within the space. In this paper, we propose a new hybrid algorithm, cooperative genetic ant system (CGAS) to deal with this problem. Unlike other previous studies that regarded GA as a sequential part of the whole searching process and only used the result from GA as the input to subsequent ACO iterations, this new approach combines both GA and ACO together in a cooperative manner to improve the performance of ACO for solving TSPs. The mutual information exchange between ACO and GA in the end of the current iteration ensures the selection of the best solutions for next iteration. This cooperative approach creates a better chance in reaching the global optimal solution because independent running of GA maintains a high level of diversity in next generation of solutions. Compared with results from other GA/ACO algorithms, our simulation shows that CGAS has superior performance over other GA and ACO algorithms for solving TSPs in terms of capability and consistency of achieving the global optimal solution, and quality of average optimal solutions, particularly for small TSPs.     

基于聚类的蚂蚁优化算法

尽管蚁群优化算法在优化计算中有大量应用，但在大规模优化问题中蚁群算法仍存在搜索时间过长、易于停滞现象等等应用瓶颈。基于这些原因，根据经济学组织交易成本理论，文中提出一种新的通过聚类来降低优化问题规模的蚁群优化算法：基于聚类的蚂蚁优化算法，并从理论上表明比其他蚁群优化算法提高了收敛速度并延迟停滞现象。     

基于变异和信息素扩散的多维背包问题的蚁群算法

针对蚁群算法在求解大规模多维背包问题时存在的迭代次数过多、精度不高的不足,提出一种新的高性能的蚁群求解算法.算法将信息素更新和随机搜索机制的改进相融合.首先,基于对较优解的偏爱,采用Top-k策略从每次迭代的k个解中挖掘出对象间的关联距离;其次,以对象为信源借助关联距离建立信息素的扩散模型,通过信息素扩散的耦合补偿,强化了蚂蚁间的协作和交流;最后,利用一种简单的变异策略对迭代的结果进行优化.在通用数据集上的大量实验表明:与最新的蚁群算法相比,新算法不仅能获得更好的最优解,而且收敛速度有显著的提高.     

A memetic ant colony optimization algorithm for the dynamic travelling salesman problem

Ant colony optimization (ACO) has been successfully applied for combinatorial optimization problems, e.g., the travelling salesman problem (TSP), under stationary environments. In this paper, we consider the dynamic TSP (DTSP), where cities are replaced by new ones during the execution of the algorithm. Under such environments, traditional ACO algorithms face a serious challenge: once they converge, they cannot adapt efficiently to environmental changes. To improve the performance of ACO on the DTSP, we investigate a hybridized ACO with local search (LS), called Memetic ACO (M-ACO) algorithm, which is based on the population-based ACO (P-ACO) framework and an adaptive inver-over operator, to solve the DTSP. Moreover, to address premature convergence, we introduce random immigrants to the population of M-ACO when identical ants are stored. The simulation experiments on a series of dynamic environments generated from a set of benchmark TSP instances show that LS is beneficial for ACO algorithms when applied on the DTSP, since it achieves better performance than other traditional ACO and P-ACO algorithms.     

离散萤火虫优化算法求解概率旅行商问题

对随机组合优化问题中的概率旅行商问题(PTSP)的理论和方法进行了研究分析,采用现代进化算法中有代表性发展优势的萤火虫优化算法(FA),提出一种离散萤火虫优化算法(DFA)以求解.其中引入了新的学习机制使其相比原始的萤火虫优化算法,更容易搜索到全局最优解,有更好的收敛性能.实验中用TSPLIB中的经典实例进行测试来验证其可行性.考察了萤火虫数量和进化迭代次数对求解结果性能的影响,并将DFA与GA、PSO和ACO等其他著名的进化计算算法进行性能比较.实验结果证实了DFA无论对固定访问概率,还是访问概率为区间内随机数等不同情况,都具有良好的有效性和高效性,因此对求解随机组合优化系列问题的有效解决具有一定参考和借鉴价值.     

Fast Ant Colony Optimization on Runtime Reconfigurable Processor Arrays

Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) is a metaheuristic used to solve combinatorial optimization problems. As with other metaheuristics, like evolutionary methods, ACO algorithms often show good optimization behavior but are slow when compared to classical heuristics. Hence, there is a need to find fast implementations for ACO algorithms. In order to allow a fast parallel implementation, we propose several changes to a standard form of ACO algorithms. The main new features are the non-generational approach and the use of a threshold based decision function for the ants. We show that the new algorithm has a good optimization behavior and also allows a fast implementation on reconfigurable processor arrays. This is the first implementation of the ACO approach on a reconfigurable architecture. The running time of the algorithm is quasi-linear in the problem size n and the number of ants on a reconfigurable mesh with n ² processors, each provided with only a constant number of memory words.     

类基于蚁群优化的贝叶斯置信网结构学习策略及性能分析*

针对贝叶斯置信网的结构学习问题,提出一种遵循典型ACO算法框架(ACO-TSP)的贝叶斯网结构学习算法（ACO-BN）,并拓展为包括EAS-BN、ACS-BN和MMAS-BN在内的一类算法。用这类算法在若干典型贝叶斯网络结构学习问题上分别与经典贝叶斯网学习算法(K2、B)、用于贝叶斯网学习的通用优化算法（simulated annealing、Tabu searching和genetic searching）以及L. M. de Campos等人提出的基于蚁群优化的贝叶斯网络结构学习算法 Ant-K2SN     

A comparative study of the improvement of performance using a PSO modified by ACO applied to TSP

Swarm-inspired optimization has become very popular in recent years. Particle swarm optimization (PSO) and Ant colony optimization (ACO) algorithms have attracted the interest of researchers due to their simplicity, effectiveness and efficiency in solving complex optimization problems. Both ACO and PSO were successfully applied for solving the traveling salesman problem (TSP). Performance of the conventional PSO algorithm for small problems with moderate dimensions and search space is very satisfactory. As the search, space gets more complex, conventional approaches tend to offer poor solutions. This paper presents a novel approach by introducing a PSO, which is modified by the ACO algorithm to improve the performance. The new hybrid method (PSO–ACO) is validated using the TSP benchmarks and the empirical results considering the completion time and the best length, illustrate that the proposed method is efficient.     

A hybrid meta-heuristic algorithm for optimization of crew scheduling

Crew scheduling problem is the problem of assigning crew members to the flights so that total cost is minimized while regulatory and legal restrictions are satisfied. The crew scheduling is an NP-hard constrained combinatorial optimization problem and hence, it cannot be exactly solved in a reasonable computational time. This paper presents a particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm synchronized with a local search heuristic for solving the crew scheduling problem. Recent studies use genetic algorithm (GA) or ant colony optimization (ACO) to solve large scale crew scheduling problems. Furthermore, two other hybrid algorithms based on GA and ACO algorithms have been developed to solve the problem. Computational results show the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed hybrid PSO algorithm over other algorithms.