Immune clonal coevolutionary algorithm for dynamic multiobjective optimization

In this paper, a new evolutionary algorithm, called immune clonal coevolutionary algorithm (ICCoA) for dynamic multiobjective optimization (DMO) is proposed. On the basis of the basic principles of artificial immune system, the proposed algorithm adopts the immune clonal selection to solve DMO problems. In addition, the theory of coevolution is incorporated in ICCoA in global operation to preserve the diversity of Pareto-fronts. Moreover, coevolutionary competitive and cooperative operation is designed to enhance the uniformity and the diversity of the solutions. In comparison with NSGA-II, immune clonal algorithm for DMO and direction-based method, the simulation results obtained on 5 difficult test problems and on related performance metrics suggest that ICCoA can achieve better distributed solutions and be very effective in maintaining the uniformity of Pareto-fronts.     

协同进化扩展紧致量子进化算法

为了提高量子进化算法的全局收敛性能, 基于协同进化的思想, 并结合扩展紧致遗传算法, 提出了协同进化扩展紧致量子进化算法(CECQEA). 该算法利用多粒度机制进行量子染色体的旋转, 并依据边缘积模块(MPM) 进行交叉和变异以避免优良模式的破坏; 在每一个子种群内对个体依据MPM进行自调整操作, 同时进行种群的分裂、合并及优良个体的迁移操作. 通过对算法收敛性的分析可看出, CECQEA 能够收敛到满意解集; 经基准函数以及背包问题的仿真测试分析可看出, 算法收敛效果更加明显.     

免疫克隆算法求解动态多目标优化问题

求解动态多目标优化(dynamic multi-objective optimization,简称DMO)问题的主要困难在于目标函数、约束条件或者相关的问题参数是随时间不断变化的.基于免疫克隆选择学说,提出一种用于解决DMO问题的新算法--动态多目标免疫克隆优化(immune clonal algorithm for DMO,简称ICADMO).该算法改进了现有的克隆策略,采用整体克隆的方式;在选择策略上,根据Pareto-占优的概念,将抗体群中的个体分为支配个体和非支配个体,对非支配个体进行选择.采用3个特色算子,使其很好地保持了所得解的多样性、均匀性和收敛性.通过数值实验,与DBM(direction-based method)算法进行比较,结果表明,新算法在收敛性、多样性以及解分布的广度方面都体现了很好的性能.     

Solution of multiobjective optimization problems: coevolutionary algorithm based on evolutionary game theory

When attempting to solve multiobjective optimization problems (MOPs) using evolutionary algorithms, the Pareto genetic algorithm (GA) has now become a standard of sorts. After its introduction, this approach was further developed and led to many applications. All of these approaches are based on Pareto ranking and use the fitness sharing function to keep diversity. On the other hand, the scheme for solving MOPs presented by Nash introduced the notion of Nash equilibrium and aimed at solving MOPs that originated from evolutionary game theory and economics. Since the concept of Nash Equilibrium was introduced, game theorists have attempted to formalize aspects of the evolutionary equilibrium. Nash genetic algorithm (Nash GA) is the idea to bring together genetic algorithms and Nash strategy. The aim of this algorithm is to find the Nash equilibrium through the genetic process. Another central achievement of evolutionary game theory is the introduction of a method by which agents can play optimal strategies in the absence of rationality. Through the process of Darwinian selection, a population of agents can evolve to an evolutionary stable strategy (ESS). In this article, we find the ESS as a solution of MOPs using a coevolutionary algorithm based on evolutionary game theory. By applying newly designed coevolutionary algorithms to several MOPs, we can confirm that evolutionary game theory can be embodied by the coevolutionary algorithm and this coevolutionary algorithm can find optimal equilibrium points as solutions for an MOP. We also show the optimization performance of the co-evolutionary algorithm based on evolutionary game theory by applying this model to several MOPs and comparing the solutions with those of previous evolutionary optimization models. This work was presented, in part, at the 8th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 24#x2013;26, 2003.     

基于共同进化计算模型的基因连锁问题求解

针对传统单种群进化类算法(conventional evolutionary algorithms,简称CEAs)求解基因连锁问题的不足,基于生物界共同进化机制提出求解NK基因连锁问题的合作式共同进化算法(Coevolutionary algorithm,简称CoEA),探讨其子种群的合作方式与个体适应值的计算方法,并从数学上分析该算法的性能,指出共同进化算法中高于平均适应值模式的递增指数高于传统单种群进化算法.仿真结果证实了理论分析.结果表明,共同进化算法比传统单种群进化算法对求解基因连锁问题的效力和效     

解决高维优化问题的差分进化算法

针对高维优化问题难以解决并且优化耗费时间长的问题,提出了一种解决高维优化问题的差分进化算法。将协同进化思想引入到差分进化领域,采用一种由状态观测器和随机分组策略组成的协同进化方案。其中,状态观测器根据搜索状态反馈信息适时地调用随机分组策略重新分组;随机分组策略将高维优化问题分解为若干较低维的子问题,而后分别进化。该方案有效地增强了算法解决高维优化问题的搜索速度和搜索能力。经典型的实例测试,并与其他一流差分进化算法比较,实验结果表明:所提算法能有效地求解不同类型的高维优化问题,在搜索速度方面有明显提升,尤其对可分解的高维优化问题极具竞争力。     

A Tournament-Based Competitive Coevolutionary Algorithm

For an efficient competitive coevolutionary algorithm, it is important that competing populations be capable of maintaining a coevolutionary balance and hence, continuing evolutionary arms race to increase the levels of complexity. We propose a competitive coevolutionary algorithm that combines the strategies of neighborhood-based evolution, entry fee exchange tournament competition (EFE-TC) and localized elitism. An emphasis is placed on analyzing the effects of these strategies on the performance of competitive coevolutionary algorithms. We have tested the proposed algorithm with two adversarial problems: sorting network and Nim game problems that have different characteristics. The experimental results show that the interacting effects of the strategies appear to promote a balanced evolution between host and parasite populations, which naturally leads them to keep on evolutionary arms race. Consequently, the proposed algorithm provides good quality solutions with a little computation time.     

Coevolutionary augmented Lagrangian methods for constrainedoptimization

This paper introduces a coevolutionary method developed for solving constrained optimization problems. This algorithm is based on the evolution of two populations with opposite objectives to solve saddle-point problems. The augmented Lagrangian approach is taken to transform a constrained optimization problem to a zero-sum game with the saddle point solution. The populations of the parameter vector and the multiplier vector approximate the zero-sum game by a static matrix game, in which the fitness of individuals is determined according to the security strategy of each population group. Selection, recombination, and mutation are done by using the evolutionary mechanism of conventional evolutionary algorithms such as evolution strategies, evolutionary programming, and genetic algorithms. Four benchmark problems are solved to demonstrate that the proposed coevolutionary method provides consistent solutions with better numerical accuracy than other evolutionary methods     

Hybrid immune algorithm based on greedy algorithm and delete-cross operator for solving TSP

This paper first introduces the fundamental principles of immune algorithm (IA), greedy algorithm (GA) and delete-cross operator (DO). Based on these basic algorithms, a hybrid immune algorithm (HIA) is constructed to solve the traveling salesman problem (TSP). HIA employs GA to initialize the routes of TSP and utilizes DO to delete routes of crossover. With dynamic mutation operator (DMO) adopted to improve searching precision, this proposed algorithm can increase the likelihood of global optimum after the hybridization. Experimental results demonstrate that the HIA algorithm is able to yield a better solution than that of other algorithms, which also takes less computation time.     

An Endosymbiotic Evolutionary Algorithm for Optimization

This paper proposes a new symbiotic evolutionary algorithm to solve complex optimization problems. This algorithm imitates the natural evolution process of endosymbionts, which is called endosymbiotic evolutionary algorithm. Existing symbiotic algorithms take the strategy that the evolution of symbionts is separated from the host. In the natural world, prokaryotic cells that are originally independent organisms are combined into an eukaryotic cell. The basic idea of the proposed algorithm is the incorporation of the evolution of the eukaryotic cells into the existing symbiotic algorithms. In the proposed algorithm, the formation and evolution of the endosymbionts is based on fitness, as it can increase the adaptability of the individuals and the search efficiency. In addition, a localized coevolutionary strategy is employed to maintain the population diversity. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm is a promising approach to solving complex problems that are composed of multiple sub- problems interrelated with each other.     

双精英协同进化遗传算法

针对传统遗传算法早熟收敛和收敛速度慢的问题,提出一种双精英协同进化遗传算法(double elite coevolutionary genetic algorithm,简称DECGA).该算法借鉴了精英策略和协同进化的思想,选择两个相异的、高适应度的个体(精英个体)作为进化操作的核心,两个精英个体分别按照不同的评价函数来选择个体,组成各自的进化子种群.两个子种群分别采用不同的进化策略,以平衡算法的勘探和搜索能力.理论分析证明,该算法具有全局收敛性.通过对测试函数的实验,其结果表明,该算法能搜索到几乎所有测试函数的最优解,同时能够有效地保持种群的多样性.与已有算法相比,该算法在收敛速度和搜索全局最优解上都有了较大的改进和提高.     

采用生物信息机制的量子免疫克隆算法

随机变异会导致多克隆策略的基因进化的无序性, 进而降低免疫克隆算法的效率. 为解决此问题, 文中设计了一种采用生物信息机制的量子免疫算法. 这种算法将量子理论引入多克隆策略的变异过程以提高基因操作效率, 同时采用一种生物信息机制来提高信息交互能力, 加速抗体进化速度. 从理论上证明该算法的收敛性. 仿真试验结果表明, 该基因操作方式能较大地提高免疫克隆算法的优化能力. 与传统的量子免疫克隆算法、其它高级免疫克隆算法和进化算法相比, 该算法具有较好的搜索能力和稳定性.     

目标约束融合的约束多目标免疫算法及性能评价准则

免疫算法求解约束多目标优化问题时,如何设计抗体的亲和力,以及如何保持或提高种群的多样性为算法设计的关键.本文基于免疫系统的固有免疫和自适应免疫交互运行模式,提出目标约束融合的并行约束多目标免疫算法(parallel constrained multiobjective immune algorithm,PCMIOA).利用支配度和浓度设计抗体的亲和力,提出了目标约束融合的评价方法,增强了算法的收敛性.借助基因重组中DNA片段的转移机制,设计一种转移(transformation)算子,提高了种群的多样性.针对已有性能评价准则存在的不足给出一种改进的支配范围评价准则.数值实验选用12个约束二目标和4个非约束三目标测试函数验证PCMIOA的优化性能,并将其与3种著名的约束多目标算法和5种非约束多目标算法进行比较.结果表明:PCMIOA具有较强的优化性能.与其他算法相比,PCMIOA所获的Pareto最优前沿能较好的逼近真实Pareto最优前沿,且分布较均匀.     

Coevolutionary particle swarm optimization using Gaussian distribution for solving constrained optimization problems.

In this correspondence, an approach based on coevolutionary particle swarm optimization to solve constrained optimization problems formulated as min-max problems is presented. In standard or canonical particle swarm optimization (PSO), a uniform probability distribution is used to generate random numbers for the accelerating coefficients of the local and global terms. We propose a Gaussian probability distribution to generate the accelerating coefficients of PSO. Two populations of PSO using Gaussian distribution are used on the optimization algorithm that is tested on a suite of well-known benchmark constrained optimization problems. Results have been compared with the canonical PSO (constriction factor) and with a coevolutionary genetic algorithm. Simulation results show the suitability of the proposed algorithm in terms of effectiveness and robustness.     

机械手优化的病毒进化型免疫克隆算法

针对平动式轻型装卸机的机械手结构优化设计问题,在免疫克隆算法基础上,通过引入病毒协同进化机制,提出了一种新的病毒进化型免疫克隆优化算法。新算法主要对免疫变异后种群进行病毒感染操作,从而改善宿主种群的多样性,增强免疫克隆算法的局部搜索能力。实验结果表明,与其他优化算法相比,病毒进化型免疫克隆算法的搜索能力更强,收敛速度更快,明显改善了机械手结构的优化设计能力。     

基于最优高斯随机游走和个体筛选策略的差分进化算法

针对差分进化算法开发能力较差的问题, 提出一种具有快速收敛的新型差分进化算法. 首先, 利用最优高斯随机游走策略提高算法的开发能力; 然后, 采用基于个体优化性能的简化交叉变异策略实现种群的进化操作以加强其局部搜索能力; 最后, 通过个体筛选策略进一步提高算法的探索能力以避免陷入局部最优. 12 个标准测试函 数和两种带约束的工程优化问题的实验结果表明, 所提出的算法在收敛速度、算法可靠性及收敛精度方面均优于EPSDE、SaDE、JADE、BSA、CoBiDE、GSA和ABC等算法, 在加强算法探索能力的同时能够有效地提高算法的开发能力.

     

混合量子差分进化算法及应用

量子进化算法基于量子旋转门更新量子比特状态影响了算法搜索性能．提出一种差分进化（DE）与和声搜索（Hs）相结合更新量子比特状态的混合量子差分进化算法（HQDE）．该方法采用实数量子角形式编码染色体,设计一种由差分进化计算更新量子位状态的量子差分进化算法（QDE）和一种由和声搜索更新量子位状态的量子和声搜索（QHS）,并相互机制融合,采用两种不同进化策略共同作用产生种群新量子个体以克服常规算法中早熟及收敛速度慢等缺陷;在此基础上,算法还引入量子非门算子对当前最劣个体以一定概率选中的量子比特位进行变异操作增强算法跳出局部最优解能力．理论分析证明该算法收敛于全局最优解．0／1背包问题及旅行商问题实例测试结果验证了该方法有效性．     

M-精英协同进化数值优化算法

为了解决高维无约束数值优化问题,借鉴协同进化和精英策略的思想,提出了M-精英协同进化算法.该算法认为,适应度较高的个体群(称为精英种群)在整个种群进化中起着主导作用.算法将整个种群划分为由M个精英组成的精英种群和由其余个体组成的普通种群这样两个子种群,依次以M个精英为核心(称为核心精英)来选择成员以组建M个团队.若选中的团队成员是其他精英,则该成员与核心精英利用所定义的协作操作来交换信息;若团队成员选自普通种群,则由核心精英对其进行引导操作.其中,协作操作和引导操作由若干不同类型的交叉或变异算子的组合所定义.理论分析证明,算法以概率1收敛于全局最优解.对15个标准测试函数进行的测试显示,该算法能够找到其中几乎所有被测函数的最优解或好的次优解.与3个已有的算法相比,在评价次数相同时,该算法所求解的精度更高.同时,该算法的运行时间较短,甚至略短于同等设置下的标准遗传算法.此外,对参数的实验分析显示,该算法对参数不敏感,易于使用.     

量子协同免疫动态优化算法

基于协同策略和量子免疫计算理论,提出量子协同免疫动态优化算法,并从理论上证明算法的全局收敛性.该算法采用量子比特编码表达种群中的抗体,并采用量子旋转门和动态调整旋转步长策略来演化抗体,加速原有克隆算子的收敛.该算法中引入协同策略增强子群体间的信息交流,提高种群的多样性,同时利用量子编码种群的关联性,使算法具有更强的稳定性,能够较好地适应于动态问题的求解.文中通过一系列动态背包测试问题和交叉验证(t检验)实验表明,量子协同免疫动态优化算法具有更强的鲁棒性和适应性,显示出较优越的性能.     

基于免疫量子遗传算法的多峰函数寻优

针对多峰函数优化中的全局及局部寻优问题,提出了一种结合免疫克隆算子的量子遗传算法,给出了实现流程。该算法集量子遗传算法的快速性和免疫克隆算法全局搜索性于一身。它不仅有效克服了量子遗传算法容易陷于局部最优的缺点,也避免了普通免疫克隆算法计算缓慢的缺点。用多峰值函数进行了全局寻优的仿真实验,并与基本遗传算法,量子遗传算法的计算结果进行了比较,结果表明所提算法能以较快的速度搜索到全局最优解,并且其鲁棒性远高于普通量子遗传算法和遗传算法。