航空发动机传感器故障诊断

研究航空发动机传感器故障诊断问题,由于发动机传感器故障样本有限、小样本、非线性变化特点,传统大样本传统故障方法故障诊断准确率低。为提高传感器故障诊断准确率,提出一种混沌粒子群算法(CPSO)和最小二乘支持向量机(LSS-VM)相结合的传感器故障诊断算法(CPSO-LSSVM)。首先将发动机传感器信号输入到LSSVM进行学习,并采用CPSO进行优化,找到最优LSSVM参数,从而建立传感器故障诊断模型,最后采用已建立模型对传感器故障进行仿真测试。仿真结果表明,CPSO-LSSVM提高了航空发动机传感器故障诊断的准确率,能准确地对空发动机传感器故障进行诊断,提供民飞行安全性能保障。     

基于LPV模型的鲁棒故障检测滤波器设计

针对航空发动机动态过程中由于模型误差造成故障检测误报的问题,采用雅克比方法建立航空发动机动态线性变参数(LPV)数学模型反映发动机动态特性,利用特征结构配置法设计故障检测滤波器,较好地消除了模型偏差对故障检测准确率的影响.通过某型涡扇发动机控制系统传感器典型软、硬故障检测仿真实验表明,该方法提高了残差信号对模型误差和未知输入信号的鲁棒性,对发动机加减速过渡过程中故障检测准确度高,实时性好.     

民航发动机状态监测点故障检测方法研究

民用航空器上发动机的安全性,主要依靠发动机配载的诸多监测点实现发动机状态监测.采用相应的方法对民航发动机状态监测点出现的故障进行诊断.硬故障采用分阶段阈值的方法诊断,依据飞机油门杆角度的不同划分飞行阶段,分别设定各阶段相应的检测阈值;软故障由于其变化的特殊性和缓慢性,选择BP神经网络建立正常发动机监测点模型,通过对比正常运行时的数据图形和实际运行的图形,判断其是否出现故障.经仿真,硬故障诊断的检测阈值能够很好地包含各个阶段监测点的正常运行状态输出,BP网络对于软故障也能够比较清晰准确地反映其实际工作状态.     

基于主元分析法的航空发动机传感器故障诊断研究

主要研究了主元分析方法在航空发动机传感器故障诊断中的应用,并提出了主元分析法故障诊断算法。假设只有传感器故障情况下,将传感器测量值所组成的测量空间分解为主元和残差两个子空间,并通过传感器实际测量数据与正常数据矩阵在残差空间上的投影做比较,对传感器故障进行故障诊断;针对航空发动机的压力温度转速等传感器常见的故障,通过运行故障仿真平台绘制了其多元统计特征图;分析仿真结果表明,主元分析法对航空发动机传感器具有很好的故障检测和故障诊断能力。     

航空发动机传感器故障鲁棒检测方法

研究发动机传感器故障准确检测问题,现代航空发动机数字电子控制系统对传感器的可靠性要求日益提高。针对航空发动机结构复杂,又工作在高温和高压下,常规采用的传感器故障检测方法的准确性易受到建模误差与外界扰动的影响,造成漏报或误报。为了提高检测精度,提出建立航空发动机数控系统传感器未知输入故障模型,采用特征结构配置的方法,通过配置闭环系统左特征向量实现故障检测残差对不确定性因素的干扰解耦,降低扰动对故障诊断结果的影响。用某型涡扇发动机数控系统传感器故障数字仿真试验表明,所设计的方法对范数有界的不确定量可以实现干扰解耦,抑制干扰对故障检测的影响,改善检测算法的鲁棒性,提高检测结果的准确性,同时满足在线运算的实时性要求。提高了航空发动机的可靠性,保证了安全飞行。     

航空发动机控制系统故障检测仿真平台研究

通过分析目前航空发动机控制系统故障检测仿真软件缺乏通用性、模块化的问题,将发动机建模、故障检测和组件开发技术相结合,提出并设计了航空发动机控制系统故障检测仿真平台,分析该平台的设计目标、软件总体架构与主要功能.针对某型涡扇发动机为研究对象,给出传感器与执行机构典型故障的模式分析和检测逻辑,在飞行包线设计点进行仿真计算.实践表明该平台能够准确实时仿真发动机控制系统典型故障,具有功能可靠、易扩展、工程化程度高的特点.     

基于深度学习的航空发动机传感器故障检测

针对传统反向传播(BP)神经网络和支持向量机(SVM)存在的过拟合、维数灾难、参数选择困难等问题,提出了一种基于深度学习算法的航空发动机传感器故障检测方法.对发动机参数记录仪采集的多维数据进行预处理,建立基于深度置信网络(DBN)的故障检测模型,利用预处理后的数据对检测模型进行训练,经过DBN故障检测模型逐层特征学习实现了传感器故障检测.仿真结果表明:在无人工特征提取和人工特征提取的情况下,基于DBN故障检测的准确率均高于BP神经网络和SVM模型.     

基于改进ARMA模型的火箭发动机稳态工况过程实时故障诊断方法研究

针对大推力氢氧补燃循环发动机的主级工况,设计了基于ARMA模型的实时故障诊断算法,并改进了阈值求解方法以及故障判别准则,通过仿真验证,证明了改进算法的高效性及有效性,为建立大推力氢氧补燃循环发动机健康监控系统奠定了基础。首先,建立了大推力氢氧补燃循环发动机的故障模型,得到了典型故障的故障数据;接着,设计了改进的ARMA模型、阈值求解算法和故障判别准则;最后进行仿真分析,结果表明改进算法能够在毫秒的量级诊断出各典型故障,满足了发动机故障诊断系统设计的要求。     

航空发动机故障特征仿真研究

航空发动机作为飞机的核心,决定着飞机的性能和安全。发动机一旦出现故障,很可能导致非常严重的航空事故,造成巨大的人员伤亡和经济损失。根据航空发动机故障机理,通过建立航空发动机部件模型对常见的气路故障进行分析与仿真,并根据振动-征兆关系矩阵对振动故障进行仿真,获得了两类故障的特征。目的是为保证航空发动机的安全运行,发动机故障诊断和预测提供依据。     

基于LabVIEW的航空发动机气路故障分析系统设计

针对在航空发动机气路中带电粒子的电荷信号微弱,传感器工作环境恶劣的条件下,监测航空发动机气路故障的问题,设计了一种能适应高温、高噪声等恶劣工作环境并对电荷信号灵敏监测模型,使用LabVIEW软件建立了航空发动机气路不同工况中静电信号的子V1,对信号进行采集和分析.通过对航空发动机多种工况的模拟和试验,建立了航空发动机气路故障分析系统.结果表明:该监测模型分辨率高、信噪比高、稳定性好,可稳定地监测航空发动机的多种工况,为航空发动机气路故障诊断提供可靠的依据.     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

Call for Papers The 6^th International Conference on Grid and Cooperative Computing

Recent years have seen rapid advances in various grid-related technologies, middleware, and applications. The GCC conference has become one of the largest scientific events worldwide in grid and cooperative computing. The 6th international conference on grid and cooperative computing (GCC2007) Sponsored by China Computer Federation (CCF),Institute of Computing Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ICT) and Xinjiang University ,and in Cooperation with IEEE Computer Soceity ,is to be held from August 16 to 18, 2007 in Urumchi, Xinjiang, China.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

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