混合算法在网格任务调度中的应用研究

研究网格任务优化调度问题,针对需求的复杂和网格系统具有异构性和动态性,导致网络任务调度过程相当困难.传统调度算法调度效率低、资源负载不平衡.为了提高任务调度效率,降低资源负载不平衡性,提出一种混合的网格任务调度优化算法.首先采用遗传算法全局搜索能力快速形成初始解,然后将遗传算法的调度结果作为蚁群算法的初始信息素分布,最后利用蚁群算法所正反馈性机制迅速地形成任务调度的最优解.仿真结果表明,混合算法减少网格任务调度系统任务完成时间,提高了任务调度效率,为网格设计提供了依据.     

基于混合蚁群算法的网格任务调度

针对网格任务调度的调度时间长、资源负载不平衡等问题,提出一种基于混合蚁群算法的网格任务调度方法。该方法将禁忌搜索作为蚁群算法的局部搜索策略,以扩大解的搜索空间,避免陷入局部最优,并通过多样化机制提高算法收敛速度。利用平衡因子调节信息素的更新,改善资源的负载平衡性能。     

离散微粒群优化算法在网格任务调度中的应用

网格任务调度算法是影响网格成功与否的关键技术之一.在研究现有任务调度策略的基础上,指出Min-Min算法的负载不均衡性.借鉴遗传算法中的交叉操作过程,提出了一种新的任务调度算法.该算法对传统的连续型微粒群优化算法进行改进,使其适用于网格任务调度问题的优化处理,实现网格资源的优化分配.仿真研究表明该算法更符合网格调度的复杂环境,能得到较短的任务执行时间和较好的负载均衡性.对比分析表明,离散微粒群优化算法所得结果优于常用的Min-Min调度方案,是一种高效的调度方法.     

遗传算法在网格任务调度的应用研究

研究了网格任务调度问题.针对传统任务调度算法在网格环境下存在不能很好地平衡节点负载和满足用户服务质量需求等缺点,导致网格系统负载极不均衡,调度效果低.为了提高网格任务调度的效果,提出一种基于遗传算法的网格任务调度方法.将网格任务编码成种群中的个体,网络任务目标作为遗传算法的适应度函数,通过遗传算法的强全局搜索及交叉、变异操作,获得最优的任务调度方案.仿真结果表明,采用遗传算法进行网格任务调度可以减少系统总执行时间和任务完成时间,提高了资源调度效率,使网格系统负载均衡度更好,在网格任务调度具有广泛的应用前景.     

改进蚁群算法的Storm任务调度优化

Apache Storm 默认任务调度机制是采用Round-Robin（轮询）的方法对各个节点平均分配任务,由于默认调度无法获取集群整体的运行状态,导致节点间资源分配不合理。针对该问题,利用蚁群算法在NP-hard问题上的优势结合Storm本身拓扑特点,提出了改进蚁群算法在Storm任务调度中的优化方案。通过大量实验找到了启发因子α与β的最佳取值,并测得改进后蚁群算法在Storm任务调度中的最佳迭代次数;引入Sigmoid函数改进了挥发因子ρ,使其可以随着程序运行自适应调节。从而降低了各个节点CPU的负载,同时提高了各节点之间负载均衡,加快了任务调度效率。实验结果表明改进后的蚁群算法和Storm默认的轮询调度算法在平均CPU负载上降低了26%,同时CPU使用标准差降低了3.5%,在算法效率上比Storm默认的轮询调度算法提高了21.6%。     

云环境下蚁群优化算法的视频点播视频流任务调度策略

针对云环境下大规模并发视频流调度过程中资源利用率低和负载不均的问题,提出一种基于蚁群优化(ACO)算法的视频点播(VOD)集群视频流任务调度策略VodAco。在分析视频流期望性能与服务器空闲性能的相关性、定义综合性能匹配度的基础上,建立数学模型,并采用蚁群优化思路进行最佳调度方案搜索。通过云仿真软件CloudSim实验表明,与轮询(RR)、贪婪(Greedy)算法相比,所提算法在任务完成时间、平台资源占有率、各节点性能负载均衡指标上具有较为明显的优势。     

数据驱动的多星任务网络预测调度算法

多星任务调度是具有NP-hard特性的优化问题,随着卫星资源规模和任务需求规模的双重增长,传统调度方法求解效率不高.在轨卫星在常年运行过程中积累了丰富的调度数据.针对大规模多星任务调度场景,建立多星多波束任务调度模型,并提出数据驱动的多星任务网络预测调度算法对其求解.以分割的思想,实现多星场景下任务可调度性预测.从历史调度数据中,提取设定的3个静态特征和5个动态特征,构建并训练预测网络,预测任务被不同卫星完成的概率,并以冲突避免、负载均衡等为原则,得到初始任务和资源卫星的分配方案.进一步设计双链结构的进化算法,以双链编码形式表征上述关系,配合设计的交叉、修复等进化算子,优化初始方案中的任务序列与资源分配关系,输出最终任务调度方案.仿真结果表明,与改进蚁群算法、混合遗传算法和数据驱动并行调度算法相比,所提出算法在运行时间、方案收益和卫星负载均衡3方面均有较好的表现.     

混合蚁群算法在网格计算任务调度中的应用

网格环境下的资源分配与任务调度问题已经被证明了是一个NP难题,而传统的任务调度算法很难对大量的异构的、动态的网格任务进行有效的调度。本文提出了一种任务调度模型,并且在该模型中采用混合蚁群算法,该算法以信息素为启发,引导蚂蚁选择最优资源。蚂蚁选择资源之后不仅进行信息素的整体更新,还要求预分配网格资源时进行信息素的局部更新。模拟实验表明该算法是一种快速,有效,负载更均衡的算法。     

基于蚁群遗传算法的网格资源调度研究

传统的资源调度算法在网格环境下存在一定缺陷,如不能很好地平衡资源节点的负载,不能很好满足用户服务质量需求等.为了提高网络质量,应用遗传算法全局快速收敛的优点,将遗传算法融入到蚁群算法的每一次迭代中,使之具有很强的全局搜索能力,以加快算法的收敛速度,提出了在价格机制驱动下,应用蚁群遗传算法进行网格资源调度的算法.仿真实验结果表明,在价格机制驱动下,应用蚁群遗传算法进行网格资源调度可以减少系统总执行时间和任务完成时间,系统负载均衡度好,提高了资源调度效率,在网格环境下,算法具有稳定性和高效性.     

一种基于遗传—蚁群算法的网格任务调度策略*

针对遗传调度算法局部求解能力不足、容易早熟和退化的问题,以及蚁群调度算法初始搜索阶段效率低下的缺陷,充分应用遗传算法全局搜索能力较好和蚁群算法求解精度较高的优势,提出了一种基于遗传-蚁群算法的网格任务调度策略.该方法集成了遗传算法和蚁群算法的双重优点.仿真测试结果表明,提出的网格任务调度方法总体上优于遗传算法和蚁群算法...     

煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计及其仿真实现

为了设计一种具有低成本、低功耗、易操作、功能强且可靠性高的煤矿井下安全分站,针对煤矿安全生产实际,文章提出了采用MCS-51系列单片机为核心、具有CAN总线通信接口的煤矿井下安全监控分站的设计方案;首先给出煤矿井下安全监控分站的整体构架设计,然后着重阐述模拟量输入信号处理系统的设计过程,最后说明单片机最小系统及其键盘、显示、报警、通信等各个组成部分的设计;为验证设计方案的可行性与有效性,使用Proteus软件对设计内容进行仿真验证,设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有瓦斯、温度等模拟量参数超标报警功能和电机开停、风门开闭等开关量指示功能;仿真结果表明:设计的煤矿井下安全监控分站具有一定的实际应用价值.     

View-based model-driven architecture for enhancing maintainability of data access services

In modern service-oriented architectures, database access is done by a special type of services, the so-called data access services (DAS). Though, particularly in data-intensive applications, using and developing DAS are very common today, the link between the DAS and their implementation, e.g. a layer of data access objects (DAOs) encapsulating the database queries, still is not sufficiently elaborated, yet. As a result, as the number of DAS grows, finding the desired DAS for reuse and/or associated documentation can become an impossible task. In this paper we focus on bridging this gap between the DAS and their implementation by presenting a view-based, model-driven data access architecture (VMDA) managing models of the DAS, DAOs and database queries in a queryable manner. Our models support tailored views of different stakeholders and are scalable with all types of DAS implementations. In this paper we show that our view-based and model driven architecture approach can enhance software development productivity and maintainability by improving DAS documentation. Moreover, our VMDA opens a wide range of applications such as evaluating DAS usage for DAS performance optimization. Furthermore, we provide tool support and illustrate the applicability of our VMDA in a large-scale case study. Finally, we quantitatively prove that our approach performs with acceptable response times.     

A pragmatic multi-method investigation of discrepant technological events: Coping,attributions, and ‘accidental’ learning

Discrepant technological events or situations that entail a problem, a misunderstanding or a difficulty with the Information Technology (IT) being employed, are common in the workplace, and can lead to frustration and avoidance behaviors. Little is known, however, about how individuals cope with these events. This paper examines these events by using a multi-method pragmatic approach informed by coping theory. The results of two studies – a critical incident study and an experiment – serve to build and test, respectively, a theoretical model that posits that individuals use a variety of strategies when dealing with these events: they experience negative emotions, make external attributions, and adopt engagement coping strategies directed at solving the event, eventually switching to a disengagement coping strategy when they feel they have no control over the situation. Furthermore, users’ efforts may result in ‘accidental’ learning as they try to overcome the discrepant IT events through engagement coping. The paper ends with a discussion of the results in light of existing literature, future opportunities for research, and implications for practice.     

The Distributed Time-Triggered Simulation Scheme: Core Principles and Supporting Execution Engine

Distributed real-time simulation is a young technology field but its practice is under increasing demands. In recent years the author and his collaborators have been establishing a new approach called the distributed time-triggered simulation (DTS) scheme which is conceptually simple and easy to use but widely applicable. The concept was initiated in the course of developing a new-generation object-oriented real-time programming scheme called the time-triggered message-triggered object (TMO) programming scheme. Some fundamental issues inherent in distributed real-time simulation that were learned during recent experimental studies are discussed along with some approaches for resolving the issues. An execution engine developed to support both the TMOs engaged in control computation and the TMOs engaged in DTS is also discussed along with its possible extensions that will enable significantly larger-scale DTSs.     

Software-Konfigurationsmanagement in großen Softwareprojekten

Zusammenfassung Mit zunehmender Größe der Softwaresysteme verschärfen sich die für die Software-Herstellung typischen Probleme: Beherrschen großer Objektmengen, Erhalten der Systemkonsistenz, Kontrolle der ständigen Änderungseinflüsse und Gewährleisten einer langen Lebensdauer. Die Disziplin Konfigurationsmanagement bildet den methodischen Ansatz, diese Probleme besser zu beherrschen. Software-Konfigurationsmanagement faßt die Herstellung von Softwaresystemen als eine Abfolge von kontrollierten Änderungen an gesicherten Zwischen- und Endergebnissen auf. Dargestellt werden die Objekte und Funktionen des Software-Konfigurationsmanagements sowie die hierfür in großen Software-Projekten benötigten Methoden, Instanzen und Hilfsmittel.     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and     

Editorial:Brain-machine interface(BMI) and cyborg intelligence

正Brain-machine interfaces(BMIs)aim at building a direct communication pathway between the brain and an external device,and represent an area of research where significant progress has been made during the past decade.Based on BMIs,mind information can be read out by neural signals to control     

Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate     

SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 57(2014)

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Information for Authors

正http://www.zju.edu.cn/jzus http://www.springerlink.com Aim The Journals of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE(A/B/C)are edited by the international board of distinguished Chinese and foreign scientists,and are aimed to present the latest developments and achievements in scientific research in China and overseas to the world’s scientific circles,especially to stimulate