Micro-Scanning Error Correction Technique for an Optical Micro-Scanning Thermal Microscope Imaging System

An error correction technique for the micro-scanning instrument of the optical micro-scanning thermal microscope imaging system is proposed. The technique is based on micro-scanning technology combined with the proposed second-order oversampling reconstruction algorithm and local gradient image reconstruction algorithm. In this paper, we describe the local gradient image reconstruction model, the error correction technique, down-sampling model and the error correction principle. In this paper, we use a Lena original image and four low-resolution images obtained from the standard half-pixel displacement to simulate and verify the effectiveness of the proposed technique. In order to verify the effectiveness of the proposed technique, two groups of low-resolution thermal microscope images are collected by the actual thermal microscope imaging system for experimental study. Simulations and experiments show that the proposed technique can reduce the optical micro-scanning errors, improve the imaging effect of the system and improve the system''s spatial resolution. It can be applied to other electro-optical imaging systems to improve their resolution.     

The error research on vertical rigidity theory’s formula of airborne air spring

On the basis of analyzing the result of numerical simulation and that of theoretical analysis,the systematic error of some air spring’s theoretical formula is researched. The result shows that the vertical stiffness’s theoretical formula of air spring owes the systematic error. And the systematic error is relative to the three supposed conditions which are used in the process of theoretical deduction. However,the systematic error is small enough so that the supposed conditions of theoretical formula are reasonable. Moreover,with the increase of initial inner pressure,the systematical error increases.     

Description of the Cover Picture

正The cover picture is taken from the article"Review:Coincidence M omentum Imaging:Principle and Application in M olecular Reaction Dynamics".Coincidence M omentum Imaging(CM I)is a pow erful imaging technique that can determine the full three-dimensional momentum vectors of all particles released from a single parent molecule in coincidence and thus provide detailed information     

Description of the Cover Picture

正The cover picture is taken from the article "Lateral Dynamic Analysis and Motion Control of a Jet Trencher in Ocean Currents",and it shows a jet trencher working in ocean currents for which the stable trenching operation route is important.The jet trencher is simplified into a single degree of freedom model with restoring and damping force.The nonlinear mathematical model of the     

A force control high-order single-step-β method (HSM) for substructure pseudo-dynamic testing

This paper proposes a new technique which introduces the high-order single-step-β method(HSM)into the experimental study on the substructure pseudo-dynamic testing(SPDT).The technique is based on the proposed concept of equivalent shear stiffness which can meet the requirement of the HSM algorithm.A study is done to theoretically validate the technique by the numerical analysis of two-storey shear building structure,in comparison of the proposed substructure pseudo-dynamic testing algorithm with the central difference method(CDM).Then,a full-scale SPDT model,the three-storey frame-supported reinforced concrete short-limb masonry shear wall structure,is designed and tested to simulate the seismic response of the corresponding six-storey structure and verify the proposed force control HSM technique.Meanwhile,the techniques of both stiffness correction and force control are suggested to control algorithmic error,control error and measurement error.The results indicate that the force control HSM can be used in the full-scale multi-degree-of-freedom(MDOF)substructure pseudo-dynamic testing before descent segment of structure restoring force properties.     

Macro and meso analysis of jointed rock mass triaxial compression test by using equivalent rock mass (ERM) technique简

Methods that can efficiently model the effects of rock joints on rock mass behavior can be beneficial in rock engineering. The suitability of equivalent rock mass （ERM） technique based upon particle methods is investigated. The ERM methodology is first validated by comparing calculated and experimental data of lab triaxial compression test on a set of cylindrical rock mass samples, each containing a single joint oriented in various dip angles. The simulated results are then used to study the stress-strain nonlinearity and failure mechanism as a function of the joint dip angle and confining stress. The anisotropy and size effects are also investigated by using multi-scale cubic ERM models subjected to triaxial compression test. The deformation and failure behavior are found to be influenced by joint degradation, the micro-crack formation in the intact rock, the interaction between two joints, and the interactions of micro-cracks and joints.     

A fusion method for estimate of trajectory

The multiple station method is important in missile and space tracking system. A fusion method is presented. Based on the theory of multiple tracking, and starting with the investigation of precision of location by a single station, a recognition model for occasion system error is constructed, and a principle for preventing pollution by occasion system error is presented. Theoretical analysis and simulation results prove the proposed method correct.     

Content based error resilience coding using redundant coding,reference frame modification,and mode decision

Quality degradation occurs during transmission of video streaming over the error-prone network. By jointly using redundant slice, reference frame selection, and intra/inters mode decision, a content and end-to-end rate-distortion based error resilience method is proposed. Firstly, the intra/inter mode decision is implemented using macro-block（MB） refresh, and then redundant picture and reference frame selection are utilized together to realize the redundant coding. The estimated error propagation distortion and bit consumption of refresh MB are used for the mode and reference frame decision of refresh MB. Secondly, by analyzing the statistical property in the successive frames, the error propagation distortion and bit consumption are formulated as a function of temporal distance. Encoding parameters of the current frame is determined by the estimated error propagation distortion and bit consumption. Thirdly, by comparing the rate-distortion cost of different combinations, proper selection of error resilience method is performed before the encoding process of the current frame. Finally, the MB mode and bit distribution of the primary picture are analyzed for the derivation of the texture information. The motion information is subsequently incorporated for the calculation of video content complexity to implement the content based redundant coding. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm achieves significant performance gains over the LA-RDO and HRP method when video is transmitted over error-prone channel.     

六端口测量技术中功率的最佳估计

One of the main tasks in measurement technique is to reduce measurement errors. In the six-port measurement technique, the measurement error of load reflection coefficients is mainly caused by the errors in measuring power. It is very important to reduce and eliminate the error in measuring power for the enhance ment of the measuring precision in load reflection coefficients.     

CROSS-CORRELATION MEASURING SYSTEM FOR MEASURING VELOCITY OF BULK MATERIAL FLOW IN PIPE LINE

In this paper the cross correlation technique for measuring velocity of bulk material flow in pipe line was investigated and a new capacitance transducer with converter has been introduced. The system was controlled by single chip computer with a real-time cross correlation cumputing software. Computing time reaches I sec and velocity measuring error is less than 1%.     

Dual-basis reconstruction techniques for tomographic PIV

As an inverse problem, particle reconstruction in tomographic particle image velocimetry attempts to solve a large-scale underdetermined linear system using an optimization technique. The most popular approach, the multiplicative algebraic reconstruction technique(MART), uses entropy as an objective function in the optimization. All available MART-based methods are focused on improving the efficiency and accuracy of particle reconstruction. However, those methods do not perform very well on dealing with ghost particles in highly seeded measurements. In this report, a new technique called dual-basis pursuit(DBP), which is based on the basis pursuit technique, is proposed for tomographic particle reconstruction. A template basis is introduced as a priori knowledge of a particle intensity distribution combined with a correcting basis to enable a full span of the solution space of the underdetermined linear system. A numerical assessment test with 2D synthetic images indicated that the DBP technique is superior to MART method, can completely recover a particle field when the number of particles per pixel(ppp) is less than 0.15, and can maintain a quality factor Q of above 0.8 for ppp up to 0.30. Unfortunately, the DBP method is difficult to utilize in 3D applications due to the cost of its excessive memory usage. Therefore, a dual-basis MART was designed that performed better than the traditional MART and can potentially be utilized for 3D applications.     

非球面部分补偿检测系统的误差分析与处理

为了实现非球面通用化、高精度检测,提出非球面部分补偿法,并进行误差分析与处理.在光学设计软件ZEMAX中对部分补偿检测系统进行系统建模并优化,分析器件姿态误差及装调精度对重构非球面面形的影响.通过对系统误差的分析,提出基于系统建模的光线追迹与误差存储相结合的系统误差处理方法,将系统误差归为由系统建模得到检测光路的误差和由误差存储得到不含检测光路的干涉仪系统的误差.通过计算机仿真及实验证明,部分补偿检测系统采用该误差处理方法去除系统误差后,可以由逆向迭代优化重构(ROR)技术重构出更精确的非球面面形.将该非球面面形与采用无像差点法得到的面形对比,结果较吻合,均方根(RMS)精度接近0.02λ(λ为波长).     

一种新的无陀螺捷联惯导系统配置方案设计方法

配置方案是现有无陀螺捷联惯导系统研究中的薄弱环节,缺乏系统的设计理论和方法.从加速度计的输出方程着手,推导出角速度解算误差和加速度计测量误差之间的关系方程,其中配置方案参数为方程参量.以角速度解算误差最小化为原则,采用混沌粒子群算法,利用某型导弹的飞行数据得到了最优的六加速度计配置方案.针对其不易安装的缺点,通过参数设定,仿真得到了易于实现的次优配置方案.仿真结果表明其角速度解算误差接近于最优配置方案,明显优于国外经典的Cub-type方案.     

High precision slope deformation monitoring model based on the GPS/Pseudolites technology in open-pit mine

As the number and geometric intensity of visual satellites are susceptible to large slopes in open-pit mines, we propose integration of GPS/Pseudolites (PLs) positioning technology which can increase the number of visible satellites, strengthen the geometric intensity of satellites and provide a precision solution for slope deformation monitoring. However, the un-modeled systematic errors are still the main limiting factors for high precision baseline solution. In order to eliminate the un-modeled systematic error, the Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) theory is employed. The multi-scale decomposition and reconstruction architecture are defined here on the basis of the EMD theory and the systematic error mitigation model is demonstrated as well. A standard of the scale selection for the systematic error elimination is given in terms of the mean of the accumulated standardized modes. Thereafter, the scheme of the GPS/PLs baseline solution based on the EMD is suggested. The simulation and experiment results show that the precision factors (DOP) are reduced greatly when PLs is located suitably. The proposed scheme dramatically improves the reliability of ambiguity resolution and the precision of baseline vector after systematic error being eliminated, and provides an effective model for high precision slope deformation monitoring in open-pit mine.     

反射面天线表面误差对平均功率方向图的影响

在同时存在随机误差和系统误差的情况下,提出了反射面天线平均功率方向图的计算方法．首先,分析面板加工误差以及框架安装误差,得出口径场随机相位误差的平均表达式．然后,考虑馈源的轴向偏焦问题,推导出系统误差存在时锥削照射相关函数的解析形式,进而得出了两种不同性质误差共同作用下的平均功率方向图．最后,以某65m口径天线为对象,研究了随机误差和系统误差对其电性能的影响,并给出了参考建议．     

近地超轻型小数码航空摄影测量系统及其应用分析

对研制的近地超轻型小数码航空摄影测量系统进行介绍并对其在焦作市的应用进行分析.该系统总体由4部分组成：超轻型飞机飞行平台;数码影像获取系统;数据处理软件系统;地面辅助系统.其关键技术包括：系列数码航空摄影测量仪;非量测数码相机的高精度检校技术;稳定平台与航飞相机姿态控制技术;GPS定点曝光和实时补拍技术;虚拟相片制作技术及真彩影像;高精度单点定位在航测中的应用;高精度大比例尺测图;超轻型飞行平台（飞机）的改造及影像数据后处理技术.在焦作市大比例尺测图中的应用表明,本系统航飞适应性强,地面野外工作量少,航测成本低,成图周期短.总之,该国产数码航测系统的研制成功,将给我国测绘工作带来一场新的变革.     

Benchmark evaluation of tomographic algorithms for simultaneous reconstruction of temperature and volume fraction fields of soot and metal-oxide nanoparticles in non-uniform flames

With the growing applications of nanofluid flame, the monitoring and controlling of its combustion process is of paramount importance. Thus, it is necessary to develop diagnosing methods which can simultaneously image important parameters such as temperature and volume fractions of soot, metal-oxide nanoparticles. Tomographic emission spectroscopy is an effective method which has been proposed for this purpose. However, the inversion process was only reported with least-squares QR decomposition(LSQR) so far and there are numerous well-established reconstruction algorithms which have not been utilized yet.Thus, this work aims to perform systematic comparative studies on several representative algorithms for the inversion process. In the simulative studies, algorithms including Tikhonov regularization, algebraic reconstruction technique(ART), LSQR,Landweber algorithm, maximum likelihood expectation maximization(MLEM), and ordered subset expectation maximization(OSEM) were discussed. The effects of the number of iterations, the signal-to-noise ratio, and the number of projections and the calibration error in projection angles on the performance of the algorithms were investigated. Advice on selecting the suitable algorithms under different application conditions is then provided according to the extensive numerical studies.     

基于彩色编码投影仪的不标定三维重构算法

在机器视觉的研究中,三维场景重构的理论与技术是很重要的内容,在理论上已从标定三维重构发展到不标定三维重构．一般来说不标定三维重构是基于被动视觉原理,利用一个参数不变的摄像机,对同一幅场景在不同视点处获得的多幅图像序列(至少需要3幅图像)来实现的．基于一种伪随机彩色编码投影照明主动视觉原理,研究了仅利用一幅图像,在欧式空间不标定重构三维场景的算法．整个算法分三个层次,即分别依次由射影重构、仿射重构和欧式重构来实现．文中详细给出了各个层次上的算法原理与相互关系,并给出了实验验证结果．     

数控刀架综合检测仪的研制

研制了一种数控刀架综合检测仪，采用光电池作为传感器进行非接触器量，并利用单片机控制和数据处理，从而实现对刀架定位误差的自动检测，且分辨率和测量精度高，系统误差小，速度快。