无水三氯化铝生产装置优化改进

介绍了铝锭法无水三氯化铝生产工艺装置,采用先进的生产工艺、设备技术,确保生产装置稳定、安全、环保运行。     

焦炉煤气无水氨脱氨净化技术的国产化

简述了无水氨技术的工艺流程、基本原理及其在国内的应用状况;详细介绍了山东焦化集团无水氨装置国产化的关键技术及其主要工艺指标和主要经济技术指标;并结合实际运行情况提出了几点启示。     

焦炉煤气磷酸法脱氨工艺及应用

结合已投产工程,介绍了焦炉煤气磷酸法脱氨的工艺流程、装置特点及主要技术经济指标;分析了磷酸法脱氨装置设计中应注意的安全设施的设置、自动控制的选择、无水氨管道系统的选择、泵密封选择及脱氨工艺的选择等问题;磷酸脱氨技术与钢铁企业烧结烟气氨法脱硫和火电厂烟气氨法脱硝的配合应用,具有较好的经济效益、环保效益和社会效益。     

宝钢无水氨装置的开工与生产

文中介绍了宝钢二期工程的弗萨姆无水氨装置在开工初期出现的问题、解决措施及半年生产考核期的各项操作指标和消耗定额。     

氨汽提法尿素工艺消耗分析

结合生产实践,对氨汽提法尿素生产工艺的蒸汽消耗、循环水消耗、电耗及氨耗及氨损失进行了分析。针对氨汽提法尿素生产装置在运行过程中存在的问题,提出了相应的对策,使系统消耗降低、运行更加平稳。     

甲醇氨氧化法合成氢氰酸技术研究进展

介绍了甲醇氨氧化法合成氢氰酸技术的生产工艺,并从氨氧化催化剂、反应装置、产物的分离和提纯工艺等方面综述了最新的技术研究成果,为甲醇氨氧化法合成氢氰酸技术的工业化生产应用提供参考。     

氨汽提尿素装置主要设备及开车过程的稳定控制

氨汽提尿素生产工艺是大氮肥生产行业内比较成熟的生产工艺之一。本文根据实际生产工艺总结了尿素装置的主要设备及其特点,并简要叙述了尿素生产过程中稳定控制的方法。     

煤制甲醇工艺中的变换气氨含量控制

介绍了某水煤浆气化生产甲醇装置运行过程中出现的压缩机入口铵盐结晶造成压缩机入口、叶轮及流道内堵塞,严重影响压缩机打气量的问题。通过分析生产工艺中氨的来源、形成及危害,提出了增加氨洗塔来解决变换气中氨含量高的问题,确保了生产装置的长周期稳定运行。     

CO_2汽提法与氨汽提法尿素工艺设备布置及配管方案探讨

根据CO2汽提法和氨汽提法尿素生产工艺技术的不同特点,以2套80万t/a尿素装置为例,分别采用不同的汽提方法进行工程项目设计,从工艺流程、设备布置、管道配置和材料选用等方面对CO2汽提法与氨汽提法尿素生产工艺进行了比较和探讨。     

RW型磷铵工艺和生产调整

介绍了ＲＷ型磷铵吸氨工业装置的工艺流程，技术特点和设备概况，指出，该装置不仅可生产高质量的浓氨水或无水氨，外供符合国标规定质量的煤气，而且系统的煤气阻力仅为饱和器的一半，设备和管线也未发现明显的腐蚀现象。     

乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品废水的治理技术

乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)是十分重要的化工中间体,其下游产品较多。江苏某化工厂开发生产乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品三十多个,年生产规模三万多吨,是国内以乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)为中间体生产精细化学品的综合骨干企业。针对乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品废水特点,该厂结合企业实际,开展了产品优化,结构调整,清洁生产,资源循环利用,节水降耗等工作,从源头削减了污染物的生产。同时投资二千多万元新建预处理装置三套,6000m3/d废水生化处理装置一套,使全厂乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品的废水得到了有效的治理。     

我国聚碳酸酯工业发展概况

介绍我国聚碳酸酯生产能力和消费需求,对聚碳酸酯在信息工业中的应用作了简短介绍     

Effect of degree of deacetylation of chitosan on the kinetics of ultrasonic degradation of chitosan

The objective of the study was to explore the effect of the degree of deacetylation (DD) of the chitosan used on the degradation rate and rate constant during ultrasonic degradation. Chitin was extracted from red shrimp process waste. Four different DD chitosans were prepared from chitin by alkali deacetylation. Those chitosans were degraded by ultrasonic radiation to different molecular weights. Changes of the molecular weight were determined by light scattering, and data of molecular weight changes were used to calculate the degradation rate and rate constant. The results were as follows: The molecular weight of chitosans decreased with an increasing ultrasonication time. The curves of the molecular weight versus the ultrasonication time were broken at 1‐h treatment. The degradation rate and rate constant of sonolysis decreased with an increasing ultrasonication time. This may be because the chances of being attacked by the cavitation energy increased with an increasing molecular weight species and may be because smaller molecular weight species have shorter relaxation times and, thus, can alleviate the sonication stress easier. However, the degradation rate and rate constant of sonolysis increased with an increasing DD of the chitosan used. This may be because the flexibilitier molecules of higher DD chitosans are more susceptible to the shear force of elongation flow generated by the cavitation field or due to the bond energy difference of acetamido and β‐1,4‐glucoside linkage or hydrogen bonds. Breakage of the β‐1,4‐glucoside linkage will result in lower molecular weight and an increasing reaction rate and rate constant. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 90: 3526–3531, 2003     

Semi-empirical equation of state of metals. Equation of state of aluminum

A semi-empirical equation of state for metals is described. Its capabilities are demonstrated by the example of the equation of state for aluminum. New experimental data are presented on the location of the isentrope of aluminum for unloading from the state at p = 229.71 GPa on the shock adiabat to an aerogel (SiO₂) of density 0.08 g/cm³. __________ Translated from Fizika Goreniya i Vzryva, Vol. 44, No. 2, pp. 61–75, March–April, 2008.     

水泥水化热测定方法综述

水泥水化热是中、低热水泥和核电工程用水泥的一项关键的技术指标。全球范围内测定水泥水化热的方法有溶解法、直接法/半绝热法、等温传导量热法三种。本文总结了中、美、欧相关方法标准,对其测试原理、仪器设备、试验过程等方面进行了比对,并对其在领域的应用做了简单的概括。     

Calorimetric and Computational Study of Enthalpy of Formation of Diperoxide of Cyclohexanone

A thermochemical rather simple experimental technique is applied to determine the enthalpy of formation of Diperoxide of ciclohexanone. The study is complemented with suitable theoretical calculations at the semiempirical and ab initio levels. A particular satisfactory agreement between both ways is found for the ab initio calculation at the 6–311G basis This set level. Some possible extensions of the present procedure are pointed out.     

气化给煤系统故障分析

气化给煤装置自投运以来,出现了气化煤仓堵煤、称重给煤机输送皮带因跑偏而损伤以及清扫装置故障频繁等问题,多次造成气化系统减负荷运行。通过对出现的各种问题进行分析,找到了产生这些问题的原因,并有针对性地采用配煤和改进清扫链等措施,使出现的问题得到了极大的改善。     

船舶柴油机涡轮增压器的清洗

采用喷射清洗剂的方法，清洗涡轮叶片积炭。     

杀虫磺缓释剂杀钉螺试验报告

杀虫磺缓释剂浸杀成螺、幼螺、螺卵效果好，现场应用缓释片６３克／米＾２，半年后活螺平均密度下降９３．２％，春季施药１次，可达到控制当年钉螺的扩散。     

醋酸纤维素取代基分布与性质的关系

分析了以吡啶为溶剂的醋酸纤维素的13C-NMR核磁共振谱,得出了三种不同位置羟基的取代度。结合X—射线和DSC分析,初步说明具有相同取代度但未经水解和经过水解的醋酸纤维素(CA) 性质上的差异是由于三个羟基上的取代度分布不同及消晶程度差异所致。