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由于氟原于的结构特点,农药中引入氟其活性增强。新型含氟农药三氟丁烯类化合物是近年开发的为杀线虫剂,同时具有一定的杀虫杀螨作用;其杀线活性高,环境兼容性好,具有广阔的开发前景。本文分为酯类、噻二唑类、嘧啶类、嗯唑类、噻唑类五大类介绍了三氟丁烯类化合物作为杀线虫剂的研究进展,并对其杀线效果及合成方法作了简要概述。 相似文献
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由于氟原子具有模拟效应、电子效应、渗透效应、阻碍效应等多种效应,在农药中引入氟原子,不仅明显提高药效,且能赋予化合物新的药效,含氟农药已经成为当今世界农药工业的一个发展方向。作为含氟农药,最初开发的杀虫剂是一氟醋酸钠(1959年),因为毒性高,从1975年上半年停止使用;作为正式含氟农药问世的是1960年二硝基苯胺系除草剂,至今尚在使用。含氟化合物虽然价格昂贵,但可从具高效的性能(生物活性)中得到弥补,且近几年公认含氟化合物对环境影响最小,因此世界上含氟农药的研究开发开展得非常活跃,使其地位稳固上升。结构中引入R-CH2CF=CF2基团的三氟丁烯类化合物,主要作为杀线虫剂使用,兼有杀虫杀螨作用,其代谢机理独特,效果显著,具有广阔的开发前景,以下分类对其进行概述。 相似文献
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有机磷化合物至今仍是一类重要的合成农药,虽然它主要用作杀虫剂,但作为杀线虫剂的有机磷化合物也发现很多有希望的品种,其效果优于早期的杀线虫剂,如土壤熏蒸剂,因此它在防治植物寄生线虫方面的应用逐渐增加。用作杀线虫剂的有机磷化合物主要是硫代磷酸酯和氨基磷酸酯类,近来某些肟类磷酸酯化合物也发展成杀线虫剂。近年来发现的几个新硫代磷酸酯、氨基磷酸酯和膦酸酯类化合物,已筛选出杀线虫活性,尤其对根瘤线虫,有些化合物将发展成为杀线虫剂。 相似文献
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[目的]为探究咪唑并嘧啶酰胺类化合物的杀线活性和抑菌活性。[方法]合成三氟咪啶酰胺(Ia)及一系列其类似物(Ib-Il),针对常见农林业植物寄生线虫和病原菌开展生物活性测试。[结果]在200 mg/L浓度下,化合物Ib、Ic、If、Ij对松材线虫表现出一定的活性,化合物Ia几乎无活性;在80 mg/L质量浓度下,化合物Ia、Ib对南方根结线虫的杀线活性分别为97.83%、62.52%;在200 mg/L质量浓度下,化合物Ih对水稻纹枯病和番茄灰霉病菌的抑制率分别为93.51%和100%。[结论]化合物Ih具有较好的杀菌活性,可进一步进行结构优化,为咪唑并嘧啶酰胺类化合物在杀菌剂领域的开发提供研究基础。 相似文献
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杀线虫剂灭线威的气相色谱分析张学忠(山东省农药研究所,济南250100)前言灭线威是我所新开发的二硫代氨基甲酸酯类杀线虫剂,化学名称为3-丙烯基-N,N-二甲基二硫代氨基甲酸酯,其分析方法未见报道。在合成工艺研究的同时,我们采用气相色谱法进行了灭线威... 相似文献
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随着甲基溴等高效土壤熏蒸剂以及非熏蒸杀线虫剂的退出或禁用,当前线虫的防治难度日益加大.由于杀线虫剂市场小于除草剂、杀菌剂和杀虫剂,许多农化企业认为开发新颖杀线虫剂无利可图.此外,对人类与非靶标生物安全的有效物质的开发可行性极低.目前,广泛应用的杀线虫剂有涕灭威、硫线磷、克百威、丙线磷、苯线磷、噻唑磷、杀线威和特丁磷等,均属有机磷或氨基甲酸酯类,都为乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制剂.其中,20世纪90年代初期上市的噻唑磷近来最为常用.各国对这类杀线虫剂的登记要求不同,但总体来说,考虑到环境安全使它们的应用有限. 相似文献
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[目的]开发新型的具有喹啉骨架的杀松材线虫农药。[方法]根据亚结构活性拼接原理在喹啉结构中引入-NHN=CH-结构,合成24个喹啉腙类和酰腙类衍生物,然后采用浸渍法分别测定了喹啉腙类衍生物对松材线虫的毒杀活性。[结果]目标化合物都经过熔点、IR、1H NMR、13C NMR和HRMS确定。活性研究结果表明:喹啉腙类及酰腙类衍生物具有了较好的杀松材线虫活性,LC_(50)值最低能达到4.30 mg/L。构效关系表明腙类衍生物的杀松材线虫活性比酰腙类衍生物的活性好。[结论]喹啉腙类及酰腙类衍生物对松材线虫具有较好的毒杀活性,为喹啉类衍生物在松材线虫病害防治研究奠定了一定的研究基础。 相似文献
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<正>Fluensulfone(商品名称:MCW-2;试验代号:BYI1921、MAI-08015、MAI-08016;其他名称:Nimitz、联氟砜、氟噻虫砜、氟砜灵),是由Makhteshim Chemical Works公司开发的氟代烯烃类杀线虫剂。化学名称:5-氯-1,3-噻唑-2-基-3,4,4-三氟-3-丁烯-1-基砜英文名称:5-chloro-1,3-thiazol-2-yl-3,4,4-trifluorobut-3-en-1-yl sulfone;5-chloro-2-(3,4,4-trifluorobut-3-en-1-ylsulfonyl)-1,3-thiazole 相似文献
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Ferry Saputra Boontida Uapipatanakul Jiann-Shing Lee Shih-Min Hung Jong-Chin Huang Yun-Chieh Pang John Emmanuel R. Muoz Allan Patrick G. Macabeo Kelvin H.-C. Chen Chung-Der Hsiao 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(15)
The use of chemicals to boost food production increases as human consumption also increases. The insectidal, nematicidal and acaricidal chemical carbofuran (CAF), is among the highly toxic carbamate pesticide used today. Alongside, copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO) are also used as pesticides due to their broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. The overuse of these pesticides may lead to leaching into the aquatic environments and could potentially cause adverse effects to aquatic animals. The aim of this study is to assess the effects of carbofuran and copper oxide nanoparticles into the cardiovascular system of zebrafish and unveil the mechanism behind them. We found that a combination of copper oxide nanoparticle and carbofuran increases cardiac edema in zebrafish larvae and disturbs cardiac rhythm of zebrafish. Furthermore, molecular docking data show that carbofuran inhibits acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in silico, thus leading to impair cardiac rhythms. Overall, our data suggest that copper oxide nanoparticle and carbofuran combinations work synergistically to enhance toxicity on the cardiovascular performance of zebrafish larvae. 相似文献
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阿维菌素对南方根结线虫的生物活性 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
采用直接触杀法测定了阿维菌素对南方根结线虫的杀线活性。结果表明,1.8%阿维菌素EC对南方根结线虫具有很强的杀线活性,其LC50为1.48mg/L,而10%噻唑膦GR的LC50为13.90mg/L,表明1.8%阿维菌素EC对南方根结线虫的杀线活性明显高于对照药剂10%噻唑膦GR,具有广阔的应用前景和开发价值。 相似文献
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Nematicidal Activity of Quinolizidine Alkaloids and the Functional Group Pairs in Their Molecular Structure 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
Bo-Guang Zhao 《Journal of chemical ecology》1999,25(10):2205-2214
Nematicidal activity of aloperine, cytisine, N-methylcytisine, and matrine was bioassayed by the agar medium method and the cotton ball method. The corresponding results from the two methods showed that the nematicidal activity of aloperine was the strongest. Its activity, expressed as log (1/ID50) was also the strongest (8.67) in comparison with the previously reported nematicidal activity of seven other quinolizidine alkaloids bioassayed by the same method. We hypothesize that the nematicidal activity of quinolizidine alkaloids is determined primarily by the types of functional group pairs and types of functional group in their molecular structures. Based on this hypothesis, alkaloids with strong nematicidal activity can be predicted on the basis of their structure. 相似文献
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22种中草药提取物杀根结线虫活性 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4
通过对南方根结线虫2龄幼虫的直接触杀试验,研究了22种中草药在采用不同提取溶剂和不同提取手段条件下所得提取物的杀根结线虫活性.结果表明:胡黄连、狗脊、木香、蛇床子、石榴皮、瞿麦、吴茱萸、甘草、花椒和艾蒿10种中草药提取物具有较强的杀根结线虫活性,并且胡黄连、木香、蛇床子和石楠在多种提取方式下均能提取出较强的杀线虫活性成分,其中胡黄连和狗脊的水煮提取物经过石油醚、乙酸乙酯和正丁醇依次萃取后,所得活性萃取物对南方根结线虫2龄幼虫72 h内的LC50值分别为81.44、67.37 mg/L. 相似文献
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Mahmoud Abbas Saleh Fawzia H. Abdel Rahman Nagy A. Ibrahim Nadia M. Taha 《Journal of chemical ecology》1987,13(6):1361-1370
The petroleum ether extract ofArgemone mexicana seeds was found to possess nematicidal activity against the plant parasitic nematodeMeloidogyne incognita. The active nematicidal compound has been isolated from the crude extract by column Chromatographic techniques and purified by TLC. Chemical structure has been determined by chemical and spectro-scopic methods to be that of a triglyceride, sn-glycerol-1-eicosa-9, 12-dien-oate-2-palmitoleate-3-linoleate. 相似文献
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Allelochemicals in Chicory and Utilization in Processed Foods 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Hiroyuki Nishimura Yasuo Kondo Toshio Nagasaka Atsushi Satoh 《Journal of chemical ecology》2000,26(9):2233-2241
In connection with a proposed defensive mechanism of chicory, antimicrobial, and nematicidal substances from the rhizomes were studied. A new antimicrobial sesquiterpenoid, 8-angeloyloxycichoralexin, in addition to guaianolides such as cichoralexin and 10-hydroxycichopumilide, was isolated and identified. These sesquiterpenoids exhibited antifungal activities against Pericularia oryzae, Pellicularia sasakii, Alternaria kikuchiana, and others. Ether-soluble phenolics from the chicory rhizome exhibited nematicidal activity. Thus, it appears that these secondary metabolites play an important ecological role. Furthermore, the allelochemical research was applied to the production of processed foods. The addition of dry powder from chicory rhizome to noodles, a boiled fish paste, and cocoaand coffeecakes provided elongation of food preservation. 相似文献