单分散聚合物微球的制备及功能化研究进展

综述了单分散聚合物微球常用的制备方法(乳液聚合法、种子聚合法、分散聚合法、沉淀聚合法、悬浮聚合法和膜乳化法等),介绍了单分散聚合物微球的功能化研究进展,包括磁性微球、多孔微球、温度/pH响应微球、阳离子微球以及微球官能团化等等。最后提出了多种聚合方法的相互结合是制备功能性单分散聚合物微球的一大趋势,开发多功能的单分散聚合物微球、实现批量生产是其近期的重点研究方向。     

聚氨酯微球的合成及其表征

采用反相悬浮聚合法，以甲苯二异氰酸酯、聚醚及三乙醇胺为原料，进行缩聚交联反应，合成了聚氨酯弹性体微球。用扫描电子显微镜等方法表征了微球的形态及溶胀性能，通过BET法测定了微球的比表面积。并通过微球对模型药物异烟肼的释放实验，讨论了微球的化学组成对药物释放性能的影响。     

聚合物微球的应用及制备方法的研究

简述了聚合物微球在分离技术方面的应用概况，分析不同聚合物微球制备方法，如悬浮聚合法、乳液聚合法、分散聚合法、种子聚合法．着重提出反应诱导相分离法制备热固性树脂微球的工艺路线和优缺点。     

磁性淀粉微球药物载体的合成及表征

先合成表面接羟基的磁流体,再在表面包覆上一层可溶性淀粉,采用悬浮聚合法和分散聚合法交联聚合成球,制得表面带羟基的磁性复合微球。经红外光谱、扫描电镜及粒度分析。结果表明,悬浮聚合法合成效果好,磁性淀粉复合微球分散性好,粒径在16~120μm占77%,Fe3O4在微球中平均含量为2.55 mg/g,微球结构坚韧,抗水溶性好。     

磁性高分子微球的制备

磁性微球是一种新型功能材料,具有磁效应和小尺寸效应,在众多领域展现出巨大的应用潜力。本文综述了磁性微球的制备方法,磁性高分子微球目前有三种主要的的制备方法:包埋法、原位沉积法、单体聚合法。单体聚合法又以悬浮聚合法、乳液聚合法、分散聚合法为主。     

氨基蒽醌聚氨酯紫色微球的粒径调控及形貌

采用1,4-二氨基蒽醌作为发色体,与异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯反应生成紫色预聚物,与聚乙二醇600通过界面聚合法制备了氨基蒽醌紫色聚氨酯微球。考察了乳化剂种类、用量、乳化速度、发色体用量对微球粒径的影响。结果表明,与聚氧乙烯辛基苯酚醚-10、失水山梨醇单油酸酯聚氧乙烯醚(Tween80)和失水山梨糖醇单油酸酯(Span80)相比,十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)乳化剂更适合用于聚氨酯球的制备。SDBS质量分数3.5%(以油相为基准)的粒径分布最窄,微球粒径在350 nm左右。微球平均粒径随乳化速度增大而减小,在8000 r/min时粒径分布最集中。发色体在壳层体系中加入量为1 mmol时粒径分布系数最小,平均粒径500 nm。通过SEM和TEM表征,结果显示,聚氨酯微球粒径在500 nm左右,呈表面光滑的球形,内部呈空心结构。氨基蒽醌聚氨酯紫色微球印花织物颜色性能优异,且具有较高色牢度。     

空心微球填充聚氨酯弹性体的合成与性能研究

以PEA/TDI-100/MOCA作为聚合体系,采用预聚物法合成聚氨酯弹性体,考察了空心微球填充份数与粒径、偶联剂种类与用量等对聚氨酯弹性体性能的影响。结果表明,加入未经改性空心微球的聚氨酯弹性体性能下降,经偶联剂改性空心微球填充聚氨酯能明显提高试样的硬度、撕裂强度力学性能,合成工艺对改性空心微球填充聚氨酯弹性体力学性能影响较大。     

氨基蒽醌聚氨酯紫色微球粒径调控及形貌

采用1，4-二氨基蒽醌作为发色体，与异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯反应生成紫色预聚物，与聚乙二醇600通过界面聚合法制备了氨基蒽醌紫色聚氨酯微球。考察了乳化剂种类、用量、乳化速度、发色体用量对微球粒径的影响。结果表明：与聚氧乙烯辛基苯酚醚-10、失水山梨醇单油酸酯聚氧乙烯醚（Tween80）和失水山梨糖醇单油酸酯（Span80）相比，十二烷基苯磺酸钠（SDBS）乳化剂更适合用于聚氨酯球的制备。SDBS质量分数3.5%（以油相为基准）的粒径分布最窄，微球粒径在350nm左右。微球平均粒径随乳化速度增大而减小，在8000r/min粒径分布最集中。发色体在壳层体系中加入量为1mmol时粒径分布系数最小，平均粒径在500nm。通过SEM和TEM表征，结果显示：聚氨酯微球粒径在500nm左右，表面光滑的球形，内部呈空心结构。氨基蒽醌聚氨酯紫色微球印花织物颜色性能优异，且具有较高色牢度。     

石蜡聚苯乙烯微球的制备Ⅱ.分散剂及复合介质的影响

通过悬浮聚合法合成了石蜡聚苯乙烯微球,研究了合成过程中复合介质的配比和用量以及分散剂种类和用量对微球粒径及其分布的影响。结果表明:采用聚乙烯醇作分散剂,更有利于合成小粒径高产率的石蜡聚苯乙烯微球,悬浮聚合体系中水-乙醇复合介质的最佳体积配比和用量分别为1:2.5和150mL。     

药物载体玉米淀粉/β-环糊精复合微球的合成及表征

为制备形状规则、粒径分布窄、成球性好的药物载体淀粉复合微球,本文采用反相悬浮聚合法制备微球,并用DSC曲线及I R图谱分析对其进行表征。结果表明,β–环糊精的加入能提高微球的产率,微球分散性好,形状规则;多聚磷酸钠的添加能够起到良好的乳化稳定作用,抵消添加非反应型乳化剂带来的负面效应;采用过硫酸铵―脲作为引发剂较其它引发剂的成球效果好。     

功能化高分子微球的制备和应用

综述了功能化高分子微球的合成方法和应用领域。用于功能化高分子微球的一般制备方法可以分为直接制备合成带有功能基团的微球及在现有微球上引人功能基团两种,前者包括乳液聚合、悬浮聚合和分散聚合等,而后者有种子聚合法和微球功能化等方法。并对上述方法的特点进行了总结和比较。此外还对各种微球在化工、生物制药等方面的应用作了介绍.     

聚合物-纳米无机粒子复合微球研究新进展

近年来,聚合物-纳米无机粒子复合微球相关的设计、制备、以及应用研究得到了科学界众多学者的广泛关注与探索。本文论述了单体聚合法制备聚合物-纳米无机粒子复合微球的研究近况,主要介绍了悬浮聚合、乳液聚合(微乳液聚合、Pickering乳液聚合、细乳液聚合、反相乳液聚合、无皂乳液聚合)、分散聚合及溶液聚合的制备方法。概述了聚合物-纳米无机粒子复合微球在生物医药、光电材料、保护涂层、催化等方面的应用,展望了聚合物-纳米无机粒子复合微球的发展趋势。     

金属离子印迹聚合物微球的制备研究进展

对金属离子印迹的原理、发展现状等进行了概述,尤其对印迹聚合物微球制备方法中的种子乳液溶胀聚合、乳液聚合和悬浮聚合、W/O/W多相乳液聚合等方法进行了较详细的介绍。     

Preparation and porous structure characterization of 4,4′‐diphenylmethane dimethacrylate/divinylbenzene polymeric particles

Copolymers of isobutyl 4,4′‐diphenylmethane dimethacrylate and divinylbenzene in the form of microspheres were obtained. For their preparation, the following techniques of heterogeneous polymerization were used: suspension polymerization, suspension–emulsion polymerization, and precipitation polymerization. Among the obtained microspheres, those synthesized by suspenson–emulsion polymerization were of a size suitable for high‐performance liquid chromatography, whereas the product of suspension polymerization could be used as a packing material for gas chromatography. Their porous structure was studied in details. The influence of the polymerization technique on the particle size and morphology was examined. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 95: 863–870, 2005     

Study on preparation and process of poly(MMA-St) thermally expandable core-shell microspheres

Thermally expandable microspheres were synthesized by the suspension polymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) and styrene (St) in the presence of paraffin blowing agents. The effect of the monomer composition, the initiator, the blowing agent, the polymerization temperature on the morphology and structure of microspheres were studied. The results showed that AIBN initiated the water phase polymerization of MMA to form secondary polymer particles adsorbed on the surface of the microspheres. MMA diffused from the oil phase to the water phase, which accelerated the phase separation and facilitated the formation of core-shell microspheres. However, LPO could not initiate the water phase polymerization, the phase separation was slow and there was an intermediate state with a porous surface. When the boiling point of the blowing agent was lower than the polymerization temperature, the microspheres were porous and there were a large number of holes on the surface.     

多孔聚合物微球的制备及其在化妆品中的应用进展

简要介绍了单分散多孔聚合物微球的应用,重点综述了多孔聚合物微球用作化妆品活性物载体时所起的控释和缓释作用;讨论了多孔聚合物微球的合成手段,包括悬浮聚合法、分散聚合法和种子溶胀法,种子溶胀法中的动态溶胀法和二步溶胀法更易得到粒径均一的多孔聚合物微球;同时介绍了其成孔机理和性能表征;最后提出了多孔聚合物合成以及在化妆品应用中目前存在的问题、发展方向和应用前景。     

石蜡聚苯乙烯微球的制备

用悬浮聚合法制备石蜡聚苯乙烯微球。研究了合成过程中搅拌器的位置、搅拌速度、升温速度和反应时间等对微球粒径分布及其产率的影响。     

Synthesis of macroporous poly(styrene-divinyl benzene) microspheres by surfactant reverse micelles swelling method

Macroporous poly(styrene-divinyl benzene) microspheres with pore size of about 500 nm were prepared by a new method, surfactant reverse micelles swelling method. The macroporous microspheres were prepared by convenient suspension polymerization. The difference from conventional suspension polymerization was that a higher concentration of surfactant was added in the oil phase. The effects of the amount and type of surfactants on the morphology of microspheres were investigated, and the formation mechanism was also discussed. Macropores were formed when the concentration of surfactant was much higher than critical micelle concentration (cmc). It was proposed that a large amount of reverse micelles formed by adding a large amount of surfactant in the oil droplet phase, and the reverse micelles could absorb water from the external aqueous phase. The water in the oil phase formed macropores after polymerization. The method developed in this study was convenient to prepare microspheres with larger pore size than the conventional method such as agglomeration method of nanoparticles.