曲阜三孔啤酒厂废水处理站设计

曲阜三孔啤酒厂废水处理高浓度和低浓度有机废水处理规模分别为５００ｍ＾３／ｄ和３５００ｍ＾３／ｄ。进水ＣＯＤ分别为５０００ｍｇ／Ｌ和５００ｍｇ／Ｌ。本工艺采用ＵＡＳＢ－生物接触氧化－共聚气浮为体处理工艺,高浓度废水先行ＵＡＳＢ厌氧处理,处理后的消化液与低浓度水混合好氧处理,出水达到ＧＢ８９７８－８８一级”新、扩、改”标准,为啤行业废水综合治理和利用提供了一条件较好的工艺。     

接种颗粒污泥UASB反应器处理味精-卡那霉素混合废水

采用屠宰废水中培养的颗粒污泥接种启动中温（３５±１）℃ ＵＡＳＢ反应器处理味精－卡那霉素混合废水,反应器能随较高浓度的硫酸盐,氨氮和的氯化物。当ＨＲＴ为２－３ｈ,容积负荷率可达３５－４０ｋｇ ＣＯＤ／（ｍ＾３．ｄ）,ＣＯＤ去除率为７５％－８０％,进水ＣＯＤ／ＳＯ＾２－４可低至４－５。     

酿酒工业废水环保治污新途径--三段"SS"去除法

论述了三段“ＳＳ”去除法的工作原理及其在处理酿酒废水中应用的工程实例。酒厂高浓度有机废水经过固液分离－厌氧消化（复合厌氧反应器）－物化处理,三段逐级去除废水中的“ＳＳ”,每段均具有突出的“ＳＳ”去除能力,同时ＣＯＤ去除率高。通过工程实例证明,三段“ＳＳ”去除法不仅能使废水达到国家要求的排放标准,而且可以省去传统工艺中耗能较高的好氧处理环节,从而降低了工程投资,减少了运行费用。     

几种新型厌氧反应器在废水处理中的运用

简要介绍了厌氧法处理废水的反应机理及３种厌氧反应器。并介绍了日本新近开发的ＵＡＳＢ改进型上流回转式反应器及其实际应用情况。     

无机膜-生物反应器处理啤酒废水及其膜清洗的试验研究

无机膜－生物反应器（ＩＭＢＲ）是９０年代兴起的一种废水生化处理的新技术。笔者介绍了无机膜－生物反应器用于啤酒废水的处理研究。采用好氧分置式膜生物反应器,膜组件是无机陶瓷膜,生物反应是活性污泥曝气池。     

生物膜法处理2,3-二甲基苯胺废水试验研究

采用缺氧折流板生物膜和循环移动载体生物膜反应器处理2，3－二甲基苯胺废水，结果表明，缺氧折流板反应器具有厌氧滤池和厌氧折流板反应器的优点，当水力停留时间为10．5h(缺氧5．5h，好氧5h)时，系统去除率可达89．7％。     

微电解-厌氧水解酸化-SBR串联工艺处理制药废水试验研究

采用微电解－厌氧水解酸化－序批式活性污泥法（ＳＢＲ）串联工艺处理化学合成制药废水,试验分别考察了ｐＨ、温度、停留时间以及污泥负荷对整个工艺处理效果的影响。结果表明,原废水ＢＯＤ／ＣＯＤｒ约为０．１３,属难生物降解废水,经微电解－厌氧水解酸化处理后,出水ＢＯＤ／ＣＯＤＣｒ,可达０．６３,可生化性大大提高。维持ＳＢＲ进水ＣＯＤＣｒ在１５００ｍｇ／Ｌ左右,污泥负荷为０．５ｋｇＣＯＤＣｒ／（ｋｇＭＬＳＳ．     

柠檬酸废水的治理技术及工艺

采用上流式厌氧污泥床（简称ＵＡＳＢ）技术处理柠檬酸废水,然后再经好氧生化处理,使废水达到排放标准     

两种生物反应器处理偶氮染料废水的比较

通过比较CSRT（连续搅拌式）好氧反应器和新型固定-流化复合厌氧反应器研究了偶氮染料废水处理的效果和特点。研究中采用固定-流化复合厌氧水解＋好氧生物工艺对偶氮染料废水进行处理，并取各对照水样做光谱分析，试验者还对新型复合厌氧反应器运行的影响因素进行了研究。研究结果表明，偶氮染料废水直接好氧处理，去除率只有5％左右，直接厌氧水解处理，染料平均降解率60％。水解出水经好氧降解，染料还能降解65％～70％；新型固定-流化复合厌氧反应器达到其设计目标，满足厌氧水解工艺发展的要求，有较好的实用价值。     

苎麻脱胶废水处理工艺的试验研究

本文针对苎麻脱胶废水的特点，进行了厌氧－好氧方法处理该废水的试验研究。结果表明：在常温下，当Ｎｖ为３．３３ｋｇＣＯＤ／ｍ＾３．ｄ，进行ＣＯＤ为１００００ｍｌ／Ｌ，ＨＲＴ为７２ｈ，厌氧流化床ＣＯＤ去除率为５０％左右。其出水稀释至１００ｍｇ／Ｌ左右，在０．３４ｋｇＣｏｄ／ｋｇＶＳＳ．ｄ负荷下，经６－８ｈ好氧处理即可达到国家排放标准。     

Many Drugs of Abuse May Be Acutely Transformed to Dopamine,Norepinephrine and Epinephrine In Vivo

It is well established that a wide range of drugs of abuse acutely boost the signaling of the sympathetic nervous system and the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, where norepinephrine and epinephrine are major output molecules. This stimulatory effect is accompanied by such symptoms as elevated heart rate and blood pressure, more rapid breathing, increased body temperature and sweating, and pupillary dilation, as well as the intoxicating or euphoric subjective properties of the drug. While many drugs of abuse are thought to achieve their intoxicating effects by modulating the monoaminergic neurotransmitter systems (i.e., serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine) by binding to these receptors or otherwise affecting their synaptic signaling, this paper puts forth the hypothesis that many of these drugs are actually acutely converted to catecholamines (dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine) in vivo, in addition to transformation to their known metabolites. In this manner, a range of stimulants, opioids, and psychedelics (as well as alcohol) may partially achieve their intoxicating properties, as well as side effects, due to this putative transformation to catecholamines. If this hypothesis is correct, it would alter our understanding of the basic biosynthetic pathways for generating these important signaling molecules, while also modifying our view of the neural substrates underlying substance abuse and dependence, including psychological stress-induced relapse. Importantly, there is a direct way to test the overarching hypothesis: administer (either centrally or peripherally) stable isotope versions of these drugs to model organisms such as rodents (or even to humans) and then use liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to determine if the labeled drug is converted to labeled catecholamines in brain, blood plasma, or urine samples.     

Sapindaceae,cyanolipids, and bugs

Scentless plant bugs (Heteroptera: Rhopalidae) are so named because adults of the Serinethinae have vestigial metathoracic scent glands. Serinethines are seed predators of Sapindales, especially Sapindaceae that produce toxic cyanolipids. In two serinethine species whose ranges extend into the southern United States,Jadera haematoloma andJ. sanguinolenta, sequestration of host cyanolipids as glucosides renders these gregarious, aposematic insects unpalatable to a variety of predators. The blood glucoside profile and cyanogenesis ofJadera varies depending on the cyanolipid chemistry of hosts, and adults and larvae fed golden rain tree seeds (Koelreuteria paniculata) excrete the volatile lactone, 4-methyl-2(5H)-furanone, to which they are attracted.Jadera fed balloon vine seeds (Cardiospermum spp.) do not excrete the attractive lactone. Loss of the usual heteropteran defensive glands in serinethines may have coevolved with host specificity on toxic plants, and the orientation ofJadera to a volatile excretory product could be an adaptive response to save time.Mention of a commercial product does not consititute an endorsement by the USDA.     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

2008～2009年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2008年7月～2009年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2008～2009年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况。按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、环氧树脂、不饱和聚酯树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍。     

ICP-MS法测定地球化学样品中As、Cr、Ge、V等18种微量痕量元素的研究

建立了测定地球化学样品中包括As、Cr、Ge、V等18种微量、痕量元素的ICP-MS方法。地化试样用HF-HNO3混酸分解后,以1 1 HNO3溶解干渣。由于制样不使用盐酸,避免了Cl对As、Cr、Ge、V的质谱干扰。用国家一级地球化学标准物质GBW 07309制备溶液优化仪器工作参数,并用于校准。方法测定限(6s)为:0.007~6.4μg/g,精密度(RSD%,n=12)为:29%~9.4%,经过国家一级地球化学标准物质的分析验证,结果与标准值吻合。方法已应用于国土资源调查的试样分析。