马来酸酐接枝物对PE/PA6共混物相容性的影响

采用熔融共混法制备了PP/PA6/POE-g-MAH和PP/PA6/PP-g-MAH共混物。通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、差示扫描量热(DSC)仪分析和力学性能测试研究了增容剂POE-g-MAH和PP-g-MAH对PP/PA6共混物相容性、形态结构和宏观力学性能的影响。结果表明,在PP/PA6共混体系中分别加入POE-g-MAH和PP-g-MAH不仅能显著改善两相界面的相容性,减小分散相的粒径,而且能使共混物的力学性能显著提高。当增容剂的用量为5份时,PP/PA6共混物有较好的综合力学性能。POE-g-MAH和PP-g-MAH增容PP/PA6共混体系非等温结晶行为的研究表明,POE-g-MAH和PP-g-MAH均能促进PA6对PP基体的异相成核作用。     

动态固化PP /PP-g-MAH /EP共混物非等温结晶动力学研究

利用差示扫描量热方法研究了马来酸配接枝聚丙烯(PP-g-MAH)增容动态固化聚丙烯(PP) /环氧树脂(EP)共混物非等温结晶过程,并运用(hawa方程和Kissinger方程进行相关数据处理,同时研究共混物晶体结构。结果表明,动态固化PP/PP-g-MAH/EP共混物中EP颗粒可明显促进PP的结晶,(hawa方程可以有效处理PP和共混物非等温结晶过程,在相同温度下共混物中PP的结晶速率常数[K}(T)〕大于纯PP的[K} (T)]。依据Kissinger方程,共混物中PP的结晶活化能(4E)明显小于纯PP的,在EP含量为20份(质量份数,下同)时,4E有一极小值。偏光显微镜显示PP的晶粒是典型的球形结构,其晶粒尺寸明显大于动态固化PP /PP-g-MAH/EP共混物中PP晶粒尺寸。     

PTT/PP-g-MAH/PP共混材料形态和流变性能研究

以毛细管流变仪和扫描电子显微镜研究了聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯(PTT)/聚丙烯接枝马来酸酐(PP-g-MAH)/聚丙烯(PP)共混体系的形态和流变行为。讨论了共混物的组成、增容剂含量对共混物的形态、熔体流变行为的影响。结果表明:PP-g-MAH改善了PP与PTT的相容性,PP在PTT连续相中分散均匀,分散相尺寸随着增容剂含量的增加而减小。共混物熔体为假塑性流体,其非牛顿指数n、熔体黏度、黏流活化能随增容剂含量的增加而降低。     

热致性液晶共聚酯／聚丙烯共混物

通过熔融共混制备了不同配比的（ＰＨＢ／ＰＥＴ）／ＰＰ共混物，研究表明，共混物的弯曲弹性模量，弯曲强度及拉伸强度均比ＰＰ有所提高，当液晶含量为１５％，ＰＰ－ｇ－ＭＡＨ为２０％时，（ＰＨＢ／ＰＥＴ）（ＰＰ－ｇ－ＭＡＨ）／ＰＰ三元共混物弯曲弹性模量最大，ＰＰ－ｇ－ＭＡＨ作为两相界面相容剂，改善了两相间的亲合性。ＤＳＣ分析表明，共混物中ＰＰ相的结晶温度有较大幅度的提高，（ＰＨＢ／ＰＥＴ）共聚酯起了ＰＰ结晶     

PP/纳米SiO2/PP-g-MAH复合材料的研究

通过熔融共混法制备了PP/纳米SiO2/PP-g-MAH复合材料。研究了纳米SiO2和PP-g-MAH用量对PP基体性能的影响。通过力学性能测试、DSC热分析和SEM照片观测对PP/纳米SiO2和PP/纳米SiO2/PP-g-MAH复合材料的结构和性能进行了系统的研究。结果表明:2%的纳米SiO2和10%PP-g-MAH有较好的协同效应。可以使复合材料的缺口冲击强度提高80%,拉伸强度提高12.5%。DSC表明,纳米SiO2对PP基体有异相成核作用。SEM电镜分析得出,经表面改性的纳米SiO2均匀地分散于PP基体中,从而起到良好的改性作用。     

PET/PTT共混体系的非等温结晶动力学研究

采用DSC方法研究了PET/PTT共混体系的非等温结晶动力学,研究发现:PET/PTT共混体系各样品的结晶峰温度和半结晶时间t1/2随着冷却速率的提高而下降;结晶动力学常数Zc随着冷却速率的提高而增加,表明共混体系的结晶速率随着冷却速率的提高而增大;Zc随着PTT含量的增加而逐渐减小,在其含量达40%￣50%时出现了最小值。     

回收PET共混物的非等温结晶和熔融行为

采用双螺杆挤出机制备了聚丙烯(PP)/回收聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(r-PET)、r-PET/马来酸酐接枝PP(PP-g-MAH)和r-PET/甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯接枝PP(PP-g-GMA)共混物,并研究了共混物组成、熔融温度与时间以及降温速率对共混物非等温结晶与熔融行为的影响.结果表明,r-PET与PP共混,结晶温度均提高,这与组分间起到异相成核诱导结晶作用有关.r-PET结晶温度随PP-g-MAH用量增加而降低,但受PP-g-GMA用量影响较小;r-PET可提高PP-g-MAH结晶温度,但降低PP-g-GMA结晶温度.熔融温度提高,共混物中PP结晶温度和熔点均降低,r-PET熔融峰形和熔点取决于共混物的熔融温度及界面相互作用.     

剪切作用下POE-g-MAH和PP-g-MAH对PA1010/PP共混物的增容作用

采用熔融共混的方法制备了聚酰胺1010/聚丙烯（PA1010/PP）共混物,通过扫描电镜、力学性能和差示扫描量热等方法研究了剪切作用下马来酸酐接枝乙烯-辛烯共聚物（POE-g-MAH）和马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯（PP-g-MAH）对PA1010/PP共混物的增容作用。结果表明,同样条件下,PP-g-MAH增容体系的相区尺寸较小,相界面更模糊,PP相的结晶温度和结晶度明显提高,共混物的拉伸强度和冲击强度均高于非增容体系。而POE-g-MAH增容体系的相区尺寸相对较大,PP相的结晶温度和结晶度明显降低,共混物只有冲击强度明显高于非增容体系,拉伸强度略低于非增容体系。     

PP/PP-g-MAH/废PCB粉复合材料非等温结晶动力学研究

利用差示扫描量热法结合Avrami方程研究了聚丙烯（PP）、聚丙烯/聚丙烯接枝马来酸酐/废印刷电路板非金属粉复合材料（PP/PP-g-MAH/废PCB粉）的非等温结晶动力学行为,根据Avrami方程的Jeziorny法和莫志深法对数据进行处理。结果表明,废PCB粉在PP基体中起到异相成核作用,提高了PP的结晶温度,使其成核速率加快,晶粒分布变窄,结晶速率增大,但当废PCB粉含量过多时,复合材料体系黏度会增大,使PP链段扩散迁移并进行规整有序排列的速度受到影响,导致结晶速率下降。     

Melting,crystallization behaviors,and nonisothermal crystallization kinetics of PET/PTT/PBT ternary blends

The melting, crystallization behaviors, and nonisothermal crystallization kinetics of the ternary blends composed of poly(ethylene terephthalate), poly(trimethylene terephthalate) (PTT) and poly(buthylene terephthalate) (PBT) were studied with differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). PBT content in all ternary blends was settled invariably to be one‐third, which improved the melt‐crystallization temperature of the ternary blends. All of the blend compositions in amorphous state were miscible as evidenced by a single, composition‐dependent glass transition temperature (T_g) observed in DSC curves. DSC melting thermograms of different blends showed different multiple melting and crystallization peaks because of their various polymer contents. During melt‐crystallization process, three components in blends crystallized simultaneously to form mixed crystals or separated crystals depending upon their content ratio. The Avrami equation modified by Jeziorny and the Ozawa theory were employed to describe the nonisothermal crystallization process of two selected ternary blends. The results spoke that the Avrami equation was successful in describing the nonisothermal crystallization process of the ternary blends. The values of the t_1/2 and the parameters Z_c showed that the crystallization rate of the ternary blends with more poly(ethylene terephthalate) content was faster than that with the lesser one at a given cooling rate. The crystal morphology of the five ternary blends investigated by polarized optical microscopy (POM) showed different size and distortional Maltese crosses or light spots when the PTT or poly(ethylene terephthalate) component varied, suggesting that the more the PTT content, the larger crystallites formed in ternary blends. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2007     

PAG原位增容PP/PA6共混物的非等温结晶动力学

用差示扫描量热法研究了聚丙烯（PP）、聚酰胺6(PA6)以及用α-甲基苯乙烯（AMS）和甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯(GMA)的低相对分子质量共聚物(PAG)原位增容的PP/PA6共混物的非等温结晶动力学,采用修正Avrami方程的Jeziorny法对所得数据进行了处理。结果表明,与对比样PP/PA6相比,加入增容剂PAG后,共混体系中PP和PA6两相的结晶峰温Tp和结晶热焓 H均有所降低,而半结晶时间t1/2则有所延长,表明PAG的加入使共混体系两相大分子链的活动性受到了阻碍,导致其结晶困难;在2.5～40.0 ℃/min的降温速率范围内,修正的Avrami模型能很好地描述PP、PA6、PP/PA6及PAG增容PP/PA6共混物的非等温结晶过程。     

PP无卤阻燃复合材料性能研究

采用双辊塑炼机制备了不同组分的聚丙烯(PP)无卤阻燃复合材料。利用差示扫描量热仪(DSC)、偏光显微镜(POM)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)研究了Mg(OH)2、乙烯-辛烯共聚物(POE)、相容剂PP-g-MAH对PP无卤阻燃复合材料的热行为、结晶形态和微观结构的影响。结果表明:Mg(OH)2和POE两种成核剂的异相成核作用提高了共混物中PP的结晶温度和结晶速率;Mg(OH)2的加入使球晶颗粒变得细小且有碎晶产生;POE大分子链使PP分子链的扩散和堆积受阻,阻碍了晶粒的生长,从而导致PP/Mg(OH)2/POE复合材料结晶度的降低。PP-g-MAH的加入可以提高PP与Mg(OH)2的界面相容性,当PP/Mg(OH)2/POE/PP-g-MAH的配比为80/100/20/2时,PP无卤阻燃复合材料可以同时拥有良好的力学性能和阻燃性能。     

聚丙烯与超支化聚酯共混物的非等温动力学(英文)

Polypropylene (PP) with different contents of the second generation hyperbranched polyester (HBP) is prepared by melt blending method. The non-isothermal crystallization kinetics of PP and PP/HBP blends is investigated under differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The Mo equation is used to analyze the DSC data. The results show that the Mo theory is suitable for crystal ization kinetics of the blends. Fast cooling rate is not good for crys-tallizing and nucleating. The values of half crystal ization time (t1/2), crystal ization enthalpy (ΔHc) and temper-ature range (ΔT) of PP/HBP blends decrease when HBP is added. The required cooling rate of PP is higher than that of PP/HBP blends in order to reach the same relative crystal inity. Crystallization rate increases with the ad-dition of HBP. The crystallization rate reaches a maximum when the content of HBP is 5%. In addition, the activa-tion energies of PP and PP/HBP blends are calculated by Kissinger equation, revealing that the content of HBP has a little effect on the crystallization activation energy.     

PTT/PP共混物的性能研究

通过熔融共混制备了聚对苯二甲酸丙二酯/聚丙烯(PTT/PP=75/25)及其马来酸酐接枝PP(PP-g-MAH)增容共混物,研究了PTT/PP及其增容共混物的结晶性能、力学性能、流变性能和结晶形态。研究结果表明,PTT与PP共混能提高PP、PTT组分的结晶温度;对于增容共混物,随PP-g-MAH用量的增加,PP和PTT的结晶温度基本不变。加入PP使PTT拉伸强度降低,冲击强度提高;PP-g-MAH增容使共混物的拉伸和冲击强度都提高。增容共混物的熔体粘度明显降低,存在明显的剪切变稀现象,但熔体粘度与PP-g-MAH用量无关。在一定用量范围内,随PP-g-MAH用量的增加,PP分散相的尺寸变小。     

Non-isothermal Crystallization Behavior of Poly(ethylene terephthalate)/Poly(trimethylene terephthalate) Blends

Summary Non-isothermal crystallization behavior of Poly(ethylene terephthalate)/Poly(trimethylene terephthalate) blends was investigated by XRD and DSC. By XRD spectra analysis, it could be concluded that PET and PTT crystals coexisted. They did not form the cocrystals due to different chemical structures. The Avrami equations modified by Jeziorny and Ziabicki’s kinetic crystallizability analysis were employed to describe the non-isothermal crystallization process of PET/PTT blends. The results suggested that the entanglement of the two polymer chains decrease the crystallizability of PET and PTT in blend. The crystallization activation energies of the blend evaluated by the Friedman method also indicated that the presence of two components in the blends hinders the crystallization process of both components.     

PP/AS共混物的制备及性能研究

采用环氧树脂(E51)、马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯(PP-g-MAH)或苯乙烯-顺丁烯二酸酐(马来酸酐)共聚物(SMA)增容PP与丙烯腈-苯乙烯共聚物(AS)共混体系,重点研究了环氧树脂含量、固化剂(2E4MZ)以及热处理对PP/AS合金体系力学性能的影响,并辅以扫描电镜(SEM)进行微观结构分析以及差示扫描量热仪(DSC)进行结晶行为分析。研究表明,环氧树脂的加入提高了体系的相容性,材料的性能尤其是刚度得到较大提高,当环氧树脂用量为3份,固化剂用量为环氧树脂用量的4%时,体系的刚性最佳,弯曲模量高达1.75 GPa;热处理后,合金体系的结晶度提高,刚性进一步提高至1.84 GPa。     

PBS/PHAs的熔融行为和非等温结晶动力学

用示差扫描量热仪测定了聚羟基丁酸酯(PHAs)/聚丁二酸丁二醇酯(PBS)共混体系的熔融和非等温结晶动力学。结果发现:PHAs和PBS之间存在着相互作用。用Jeziorny方程对共混体系的非等温结晶动力学进行了研究,说明PHAs的加入对PBS的结晶动力学参数影响不大,PHAs的加入没有起到异相成核的作用,而是使PBS的结晶生长更加完善。用Kissinger方程计算了体系的结晶活化能,发现PHAs的加入使结晶活化能先升高后降低。     

Effects of polytrimethylene terephthalate on crystallization and melting behavior of beta-polypropylene in the blends

It has been observed that the formation of β-crystal is suppressed when β-polypropylene (β-PP) is blended with crystalline polymers, but the reason is still uncertain. In this study, we investigated the influence of the crystallization conditions of polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTT), such as melt crystallization, cold crystallization, isothermal crystallization temperature, and crystallization time on the β-nucleation behavior of PP phase in the β-PP/PTT blends. The results showed that the β-crystal content of PP phase in the blends decreases with increasing of PTT content. Cold crystallization of PTT would mainly induce the formation of α-crystal in PP component, whereas melt crystallization would induce the formation of β-crystal PP in their blends. The degree of crystallinity of PTT increases by improving the crystallization temperature or extending the time of crystallization, which leads to the production of more α-crystal in PP component. This means that the second component could inhibit the formation of β-crystal in PP.     

PTT/PETG共混物的热性能和结晶行为研究

主要研究了PTT/PETG共混物的热性能和结晶行为。DSC实验表明:PTT/PETG共混物只有一个Tg,说明两者在无定形区相容性好,而且随着PETG组分的增加,Tg增大。PTT/PETG两组分含量接近时,出现2个结晶峰。热失重分析结果表明:两组分相差较大时,随着PETG含量的增加,共混体系的热稳定性提高。通过观察共混物的结晶形态表明:PTT/PETG为80/20时,其球晶尺寸较大。     

PP/纳米SiO2复合材料的非等温结晶动力学

采用差示扫描量热法研究了聚丙烯（PP）/纳米SiO2复合材料的非等温结晶动力学,研究了纳米粒子的成核活性及复合材料的结晶有效能垒。研究结果表明,纳米SiO2起到异相成核的作用,使PP的结晶峰温升高,结晶总速率增大;增容剂马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯(PP-g-MAH)提高了纳米SiO2的成核活性;添加纳米SiO2使复合材料的结晶有效能垒降低,PP-g-MAH使复合材料的结晶有效能垒增大,但低于纯PP的结晶有效能垒。