气相法和纳氏法测定氨氮的影响因素探究

在环境监测中,氨氮是一种常见污染物,也是水体富营养化及衡量水体质量的重要指标。在日常分析中,气相分子吸收光谱法由于操作简便等优点得到广泛应用,是实验室中常用的测定水质氨氮的方法。本文通过研究纳氏试剂分光光度法与气相分子吸收光谱法在pH、色度、浊度、亚硝酸根等在实验中对氨氮测定的影响,得出在恒定温度下,气相分子吸收光谱法对水样条件的包容性大,对不同水质都能准确测定,值得推广。     

气相分子吸收光谱法与纳氏试剂分光光度法测定水中氨氮的比较

在实际监测工作中,采用传统的纳氏试剂分光光度法测定水中氨氮,测定结果容易受到pH、悬浮物、色度、浊度等因素的干扰。用气相分子吸收光谱法与纳氏试剂分光光度法分别对具有以上各种干扰因素的代表性水样进行测定,结果证实,经过前处理去除干扰后的纳氏试剂分光光度法和气相分子吸收光谱法的测定值具有一致性。气相分子吸收光谱法具有抗干扰能力强、准确度精密度高、使用试剂简单无毒、高效智能等优势。     

纳氏试剂分光光度法与气相分子吸收光谱法测定氨氮

通过对两种方法的基本信息比较,用气相分子吸收光谱法和纳氏试剂分光光度法对氨氮标准物质进行测定,其准确度、精密度进行分析,评价两种方法测定氨氮的可行性。     

水样中氨氮测定方法比较

用气相分子吸收光谱法和钠氏试剂法对地表水和企业外排废水中的氨氮进行了测定,用数理统计的方法对两种方法的测定值进行了比较,结果显示气相分子吸收光谱法的准确度、精密度令人满意,此快速、简便的方法适用于水及废水中氨氮的测定.     

地表水中氨氮测定方法的研究

目前测定水中氨氮的方法很多,主要有纳氏比色法、选择电极法、水杨酸分光光度法、蒸馏-中和滴定法和气相分子吸收法等。但这些方法实际测定效果并不是很理想,本文以地表水中氨氮为研究对象,将全自动凯氏定氮蒸馏滴定仪和离子色谱联用来测定地表水中低含量的氨氮,经证实该方法具有操作简便,试剂用量少、无毒,测定结果准确度高等特点。     

海水中氨氮测定方法--纳氏试剂比色法与次溴酸盐氧化法的对比研究

将海水中氨氮的两种测定方法--纳氏试剂比色法与次溴酸盐氧化法进行了对比,实验证明次溴酸盐氧化法操作比较繁琐,且不能用于养殖水体的测定;纳氏试剂比色法操作方便、快捷,具有灵敏度好、显色速度快且方法稳定的特点,完全满足海水及淡、海混合水体对氨氮的测定要求.     

纳氏试剂比色法测氨氮的影响因素分析

纳氏试剂比色法是测定水中氨氮的国家标准法,该法具有操作简便、结果准确等优点、但影响此方法测试结果的因素较多。通过比较发现纳氏试剂比色法测水中的氨氮时,波长、p H、显色温度、纳氏试剂储存时间、显色时间这五种因素对分析结果影响较大,根据实验对上述因素对纳氏试剂比色法测氨氮的因素进行了分析,得出了相应的结论。     

水样温度对氨氮测定的影响

目前我国水污染十分严重,特别是未处理或处理不完全的含氮废水的任意排放给环境造成了极大的危害。纳氏试剂比色法是测定水中氨氮的国家标准法,该方法具有操作简单、灵敏的优点。但在实际工作中有许多因素影响纳氏试剂比色法对水中氨氮的测定结果。通过使用纳氏试剂比色法,对显色温度影响水样中氨氮分析结果进行探讨,结果显示,在水样温度为20~25℃时,显色最完全。     

纳氏试剂比色法测氨氮时的影响因素与解决方法

“纳氏试剂比色法”是测定水中氨氮的国家标准方法（HJ535-2009）,此方法具有操作简便、灵敏等特点,但乌石化的各类污水成分较为复杂,含有钙、镁、铁等金属离子,还含有硫化物、醛、酮类等有机成分,且水体的色度和浊度等在使用此法进行分析测定时会产生诸多干扰,需要进行相应的预处理。通过长期的实践摸索,结合乌石化污水水体实际及日常工作中的经验积累,对纳氏试剂比色法测氨氮时的影响因素进行了归纳总结,同时提出一些解决方法。     

废水中氨氮纳氏试剂比色测定方法的改进

采用改进的纳氏试剂比色法测定废水中的氨氮,以电极法作为参照,与常规纳氏试剂比色法进行了比较。结果表明,用改进的纳氏试剂比色法测定结果的重复性和回收率都很好。     

乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品废水的治理技术

乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)是十分重要的化工中间体,其下游产品较多。江苏某化工厂开发生产乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品三十多个,年生产规模三万多吨,是国内以乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)为中间体生产精细化学品的综合骨干企业。针对乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品废水特点,该厂结合企业实际,开展了产品优化,结构调整,清洁生产,资源循环利用,节水降耗等工作,从源头削减了污染物的生产。同时投资二千多万元新建预处理装置三套,6000m3/d废水生化处理装置一套,使全厂乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品的废水得到了有效的治理。     

我国聚碳酸酯工业发展概况

介绍我国聚碳酸酯生产能力和消费需求,对聚碳酸酯在信息工业中的应用作了简短介绍     

Semi-empirical equation of state of metals. Equation of state of aluminum

A semi-empirical equation of state for metals is described. Its capabilities are demonstrated by the example of the equation of state for aluminum. New experimental data are presented on the location of the isentrope of aluminum for unloading from the state at p = 229.71 GPa on the shock adiabat to an aerogel (SiO₂) of density 0.08 g/cm³. __________ Translated from Fizika Goreniya i Vzryva, Vol. 44, No. 2, pp. 61–75, March–April, 2008.     

水泥水化热测定方法综述

水泥水化热是中、低热水泥和核电工程用水泥的一项关键的技术指标。全球范围内测定水泥水化热的方法有溶解法、直接法/半绝热法、等温传导量热法三种。本文总结了中、美、欧相关方法标准,对其测试原理、仪器设备、试验过程等方面进行了比对,并对其在领域的应用做了简单的概括。     

Effect of degree of deacetylation of chitosan on the kinetics of ultrasonic degradation of chitosan

The objective of the study was to explore the effect of the degree of deacetylation (DD) of the chitosan used on the degradation rate and rate constant during ultrasonic degradation. Chitin was extracted from red shrimp process waste. Four different DD chitosans were prepared from chitin by alkali deacetylation. Those chitosans were degraded by ultrasonic radiation to different molecular weights. Changes of the molecular weight were determined by light scattering, and data of molecular weight changes were used to calculate the degradation rate and rate constant. The results were as follows: The molecular weight of chitosans decreased with an increasing ultrasonication time. The curves of the molecular weight versus the ultrasonication time were broken at 1‐h treatment. The degradation rate and rate constant of sonolysis decreased with an increasing ultrasonication time. This may be because the chances of being attacked by the cavitation energy increased with an increasing molecular weight species and may be because smaller molecular weight species have shorter relaxation times and, thus, can alleviate the sonication stress easier. However, the degradation rate and rate constant of sonolysis increased with an increasing DD of the chitosan used. This may be because the flexibilitier molecules of higher DD chitosans are more susceptible to the shear force of elongation flow generated by the cavitation field or due to the bond energy difference of acetamido and β‐1,4‐glucoside linkage or hydrogen bonds. Breakage of the β‐1,4‐glucoside linkage will result in lower molecular weight and an increasing reaction rate and rate constant. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 90: 3526–3531, 2003     

Calorimetric and Computational Study of Enthalpy of Formation of Diperoxide of Cyclohexanone

A thermochemical rather simple experimental technique is applied to determine the enthalpy of formation of Diperoxide of ciclohexanone. The study is complemented with suitable theoretical calculations at the semiempirical and ab initio levels. A particular satisfactory agreement between both ways is found for the ab initio calculation at the 6–311G basis This set level. Some possible extensions of the present procedure are pointed out.     

气化给煤系统故障分析

气化给煤装置自投运以来,出现了气化煤仓堵煤、称重给煤机输送皮带因跑偏而损伤以及清扫装置故障频繁等问题,多次造成气化系统减负荷运行。通过对出现的各种问题进行分析,找到了产生这些问题的原因,并有针对性地采用配煤和改进清扫链等措施,使出现的问题得到了极大的改善。     

船舶柴油机涡轮增压器的清洗

采用喷射清洗剂的方法，清洗涡轮叶片积炭。     

醋酸纤维素取代基分布与性质的关系

分析了以吡啶为溶剂的醋酸纤维素的13C-NMR核磁共振谱,得出了三种不同位置羟基的取代度。结合X—射线和DSC分析,初步说明具有相同取代度但未经水解和经过水解的醋酸纤维素(CA) 性质上的差异是由于三个羟基上的取代度分布不同及消晶程度差异所致。     

Generalization of vdW type of equations of state

1 INTRODUCTIONBecause of importance of equations of state (EOS)in science and industry,hundreds forms of EOS havebeen presented since latter 19th century.It seems impossible to develop a general equation covering vari-ous kinds of EOS.But for cubic EOS,several generalequations have been reported already. Martin presented the first general equation whichis following p=RT/V-α(T)/(υ β)(υ γ) δ(T)/υ(υ β)(υ γ) (1) Kumar et a1.presented an equation called the most general form of a density-cubic or, alterna tively,volume-cubic mathematical equation,the form of which is as follows