三聚氰胺装置CO2汽提塔压差波动原因分析

对引起三聚氰胺装置CO2汽提塔压差波动的原因进行了分析，并通过减负荷冲洗、增加塔顶冲洗水量、提高操作压力等措施来避免结晶堵塞，使CO2汽提塔的工作状况有了很大的改善。     

高压法三聚氰胺装置CO2汽提塔技术改造

介绍了3万t/a高压法三聚氰胺装置的工艺流程和主要设备——CO2汽提塔的基本结构,分析了CO2汽提塔内部塔盘结晶堵塞的原因。通过采用提高操作压力、增加冲洗水量、控制反应温度、改善工艺循环水质量等防范措施,并最终实施增设闪蒸槽的技术改造,彻底解决了结晶堵塞问题,保证了CO2汽提塔和三聚氰胺装置长周期稳定运行。     

三聚氰胺装置CO2汽提塔压差升高对其操作影响分析

对三聚氰胺装置CO2汽提塔塔盘堵塞,压差升高原因及对其操作影响进行了分析,通过调整冲洗水量,蒸汽量,减负荷等措施来处理塔盘堵塞,避免压差波动,并提出操作优化建议,使CO2汽提塔运行达到最大可能稳定性.     

三聚氰胺装置CO_2汽提塔压差升高对其操作影响分析

对三聚氰胺装置CO2汽提塔塔盘堵塞,压差升高原因及对其操作影响进行了分析,通过调整冲洗水量,蒸汽量,减负荷等措施来处理塔盘堵塞,避免压差波动,并提出操作优化建议,使CO2汽提塔运行达到最大可能稳定。     

三聚氰胺装置CO2汽提塔塔盘结晶堵塞的原因分析及技改措施

对引起高压法三聚氰胺装置CO2汽提塔内部塔盘结晶堵塞的原因进行了分析,并提出了防止CO2汽提塔内部塔盘结晶堵塞的方法,使CO2汽提塔的工作状况有了很大的改善,同时通过在CO2汽提塔前增加三聚氰胺闪蒸槽这一技术改造措施,彻底解决了CO2汽提塔内部塔盘结晶堵塞的问题,从而保证了整个三聚氰胺装置的稳定运行。     

高压法三聚氰胺装置中CO_2汽提塔操作方法浅析及优化

介绍了高压法三聚氰胺的工艺流程、生产中的重要设备CO_2汽提塔,分析了CO_2汽提塔设备结构、塔盘结晶堵塞和气相带液的原因。采用提高塔底操作温度、减少CO_2汽提塔循环泵循环量、减少塔顶冲洗水量、降低塔盘冲洗频次及手动控制来自闪蒸槽顶部的蒸汽等措施,解决了CO_2汽提塔塔盘结晶和气相带液的问题,确保了装置安全长周期稳定运行。     

关于二氧化碳汽提法尿素装置汽提塔的腐蚀与维护

CO2汽提塔是二氧化碳汽提法尿素装置的4大重要高压设备之一。简述了1000 t/d CO2汽提塔的工艺过程、基本结构和使用情况;从材质、负荷、保温、操作、维护等方面论述了CO2汽提塔产生腐蚀的影响因素;提出了控制腐蚀的技术措施和维护要求。     

负压汽提系统稳定运行的控制措施

简要介绍了负压汽提工艺流程,详述了优化塔盘孔径、更换消泡剂、变更汽提塔冲洗方式、采用聚合母液水替代去离子水冲洗汽提塔、变更液位调节阀位置等稳定汽提塔运行的措施。     

CO2汽提塔的腐蚀与修复

1　CO2汽提塔概况河北宣化化肥集团有限公司尿素装置中的CO2汽提塔为降膜式换热器,总高11027mm,上下对称,可以倒置使用,换热面积180m2。换热管为瑞典Sandvik生产的2RE691ZR70226.5×(2 7)×4900mm的锆材双金属管,共计604根。管板、上下管箱、封头、大盖均为内衬X2CrNiMo25-22-2的不锈钢材料。其设计条件为:壳　程　　　管　程设计压力/MPa2.716.0工作压力/MPa2.114.41设计温度/℃2302302　CO2汽提塔的腐蚀情况该CO2汽提塔由大连冰山集团金洲重型机器有限公司设计制造,于2001年6月大检修时安装投入使用。运行一年后,装置于2002年5…     

CO2汽提塔出液超温原因分析及应对措施

CO2汽提法尿素装置中,汽提塔起着非常关键的作用。在生产运行过程中,由于工艺、设备等原因易造成汽提塔出液超温,这对工艺操作及设备的使用寿命有很大的影响。笔者结合我公司300 kt/a CO2汽提法尿素装置的生产实际,就汽提塔出液超温原因及应对措施作一分析。     

回收乙酸甲酯的技术改造

技术改造的内容:(1)将高压吸收塔下段的15层浮阀塔盘更换成高效散堆填料,洗涤乙酸的量提高至29 t/h。(2)将原常压洗涤塔继续作为氧化过程系统的备用释放通道,增加一个传质传热效果更好的常压洗涤塔,有效回收尾气中的乙酸甲酯。(3)更换原来处理能力较低的回收塔。由此使大部分原材料得到回收利用,单耗节省脱盐水1.5 t,乙酸降低3.5 kg,PX降低1.6 kg,装置实现低能、低耗以及绿色运行。     

高速离心泵在尿素装置的应用

介绍了离心式高压氨泵在尿素装置的运行情况,分析了导致该泵机械密封损坏和泵轴断裂的原因,从增大泵叶轮直径、提高入口压力、增大冲洗水量,改进出口副线、改进操作方法等方面论述了采取的应对措施。     

纺制锦纶6高强丝的工艺探讨

纺制锦纶6高强丝宜采用分子量较高的切片,适当提高纺丝温度,降低纺丝速度以及增加后拉伸倍数.高强无捻丝因无压洗、定型过程,故必须有充足的平衡时间.     

The influence of temporal cake moisture content on a discontinuous washing process in the centrifugal field

In solid/liquid separation processes, filter cake washing is an essential step in improving the quality of particulate products by elimination of impurities. During cake washing and dewatering, the cake saturation changes depending on the flow conditions and it cannot always be measured and controlled accurately. This article deals with investigations on the influence of the initial and temporal cake saturation on washing PVC and silica sand particles in the centrifugal field. It was found, that high initial saturation levels and high maximum saturations during the washing process had a positive impact in inducing a high hydrostatic pressure for advective flow and enabling a homogeneous distribution of the wash water inside the cake. This was achieved by increasing the wash water flux and/or decreasing the g‐factor. A good method to obtain low final impurity quantity is the combination of washing at a low g‐factor and dewatering at a high one. © 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2009     

大型AZF工艺生产磷复肥装置尾气洗涤技术的优化

介绍中阿公司引进的AZF工艺尾气单塔单器洗涤系统。当装置远超原有设计生产能力时,进行了双塔双器洗涤系统优化改造,并介绍全酸洗涤工艺改造的尝试。建议在现有优化的双塔双器工艺流程基础上吸收全酸洗涤工艺优点,同时结合喷头改进、增加管道喷淋等措施挖掘洗涤装置潜力,应对装置负荷增加。     

高压射流冲洗PTA装置的空冷器

分析空冷器结垢的主要原因,比较了化学冲洗和高压射流冲洗的优劣以及采用后者冲洗最佳清洗压力为50MPa,清洗有效距离为0．1—0．6m。清洗后,凝液温度降低,风机低速运行就能满足工艺要求,蒸汽耗量减少,节约了运行成本。     

PRESSURIZED ELECTROOSMOTIC DEWATERING IN A FILTER CYCLE

This paper describes the role of pressurized electroosmotic dewatering (EOD) in a filter cycle. A laboratory-scale filter-press was used to filter a highly conductive silica suspension under constant pressure, followed by washing and mechanical precompression of the filter cake and finally by pressurized EOD at constant electric current. The influence of filter cycle parameters (filtration and washing pressure and duration, mechanical pressure, and electric field intensity) on the final cake dryness and energy consumption was studied. Electrodes of different materials, forms, and surfaces were used.

The optimal conditions of each filter cycle operation were found to minimize the energy consumption during EOD and maximize the cake dryness. With mechanical pressure and electric field intensity increasing, the total energy consumption increased, but the specific energy consumption (per kg of expressed water) decreased, and the final filter cake was dryer. The pressurized EOD also used less energy than thermal drying.     

PRESSURIZED ELECTROOSMOTIC DEWATERING IN A FILTER CYCLE *

This paper describes the role of pressurized electroosmotic dewatering (EOD) in a filter cycle. A laboratory-scale filter-press was used to filter a highly conductive silica suspension under constant pressure, followed by washing and mechanical precompression of the filter cake and finally by pressurized EOD at constant electric current. The influence of filter cycle parameters (filtration and washing pressure and duration, mechanical pressure, and electric field intensity) on the final cake dryness and energy consumption was studied. Electrodes of different materials, forms, and surfaces were used. The optimal conditions of each filter cycle operation were found to minimize the energy consumption during EOD and maximize the cake dryness. With mechanical pressure and electric field intensity increasing, the total energy consumption increased, but the specific energy consumption (per kg of expressed water) decreased, and the final filter cake was dryer. The pressurized EOD also used less energy than thermal drying.     

PRESSURIZED ELECTROOSMOTIC DEWATERING IN A FILTER CYCLE*

This paper describes the role of pressurized electroosmotic dewatering (EOD) in a filter cycle. A laboratory-scale filter-press was used to filter a highly conductive silica suspension under constant pressure, followed by washing and mechanical precompression of the filter cake and finally by pressurized EOD at constant electric current. The influence of filter cycle parameters (filtration and washing pressure and duration, mechanical pressure, and electric field intensity) on the final cake dryness and energy consumption was studied. Electrodes of different materials, forms, and surfaces were used. The optimal conditions of each filter cycle operation were found to minimize the energy consumption during EOD and maximize the cake dryness. With mechanical pressure and electric field intensity increasing, the total energy consumption increased, but the specific energy consumption (per kg of expressed water) decreased, and the final filter cake was dryer. The pressurized EOD also used less energy than thermal drying.

     

裂解气洗涤塔简体化学爆炸剖析

针对某合成气装置洗涤塔筒体爆炸的重大事故。计算了裂解气的理论爆炸极限、最大爆炸压力及筒体材料的爆炸压力。分析了爆炸前后的筒体材料的化学成分及金相组织，得出了爆炸事故的原因。提出了以人为本强化管理、加大安全投入、增设监控和紧急事故放空装置等防范措施。