循环水系统工艺改造总结

针对一期循环水系统使用药剂法存在的问题(如设备腐蚀、结垢较严重),首次将一种新型物理阻垢技术——量子管通环应用于二期循环水系统进行防腐、杀菌。运行证明:在循环水为结垢型水质时,量子管通环对设备防腐、系统节水起到了良好的作用;但除垢及杀菌效果一般,须增加高效旁滤设备除垢,辅助添加氯水杀菌。     

量子管通环在氯碱循环水系统中的应用

针对公司循环水系统使用药剂法(5年)存在的一些问题(如设备腐蚀结垢较严重,抗药性等);首次将一种新型物理阻垢技术一量子管通环应用于公司循环水系统的结垢、防腐、杀菌治理.经过1年的运行效果表明:量子管通环能在结垢型水质的情况下,对设备防腐结垢起到了很好的除垢及阻垢效果,且有节水效果,但杀菌效果一般,需辅助添加氯水.     

量子技术在循环水高浓缩倍数运行中的应用研究

高浓缩倍数运行是循环水系统的发展趋势,阻垢控制已成为高浓缩倍数运行的关键点和难点,通过采用量子技术产品——量子管通环,以循环水作载体进行量子管通环存储的超微振动波的传输,提高循环水的活性,增加钙容忍能力,促进碳酸钙晶体的晶格畸变,进而提升循环水系统的阻垢效果,为循环水处理提供了一条新的技术思路和途径。     

量子处理技术在焦化低温水系统的应用

量子循环水水质稳定处理技术的缓蚀、阻垢、杀菌灭藻效果好,应用这种技术的循环水系统不需要投加任何化学药剂,且强制排污水量少,不仅可节约药剂费和补水费,而且有很好的节能减排和环境保护效果。简单介绍了量子循环水水质稳定处理技术的基本原理,并结合其在焦炉煤气净化回收冷却水系统节能改造工程中的应用,介绍了量子循环水系统的设计、运行控制方法。运行结果表明,量子水处理技术比传统化学法具有更好的处理效果,系统排污量明显下降,大大节省了水资源和运行成本,具有很好的应用前景。     

量子管通环在焦化氨水蒸馏系统的应用

介绍了含油含氨废水在蒸馏装置的结垢情况和量子管通环防垢除垢的工作原理.针对氨水蒸馏系统垢状物的特点,在氨水蒸馏系统进水总管上安装量子管通环.经过4年的连续运行,证明量子管通环能有效脱除老垢以及防止新垢生成,保证蒸氨装置的稳定运行.     

余热发电循环水高压静电水处理系统应用实践

16 MW纯低温余热发电系统的循环水原采用投加化学药剂的水处理办法，在系统运行过程中一直出现循环水系统结垢严重的问题，严重制约系统的正常运行。为此，采用循环水高压静电水处理系统替代化学药剂水处理方法。该系统属新型物理处理方案，少量的排污水不含化学药剂、无污染，不用改动原有设备、管道。改造后彻底解决了循环水系统结垢难题，达到了预期效果。     

使用水都电解除垢技术处理某钢厂循环水研究

<正>1运行说明1.1安装背景某钢厂现在的水垢处理方法为化学药剂处理。即在冷却循环水系统中加入化学药剂来延缓水垢的形成。但使用化学药剂会对冷却循环水系统管道产生腐蚀,污染地下水等负面影响,而且每年还要花费大量的购买费用。     

工业循环水绿色化学清洗药剂的优选及应用

介绍了工业循环水系统沉积物的清洗方法、绿色化学清洗药剂的优选及绿色化学清洗技术在PVC7℃循环水系统中的应用。     

量子水处理器在循环冷却水系统的应用

简要介绍了量子水处理器在工业循环冷却水系统中的缓蚀阻垢原理、安装及运行效果评价方法。实际使用情况表明:量子水处理器比较容易解决常见的循环冷却水结垢、腐蚀及菌藻危害,同样也能解决高温水的结垢与腐蚀问题;无须任何能源,管理方便,彻底消除了化学药剂对环境的二次污染;循环水的浓缩倍数可提高至5.0～10.0,节水效果显著。     

电化学新工艺在循环水处理装置中的应用

针对传统的药剂投加法处理循环水系统存在加药费用高、排放废水污染环境等问题,采用电化学方法对循环水系统进行了节能改造。对比了药剂投加法和电化学法的工艺特点,介绍了电化学处理循环水技术的工作原理。结合山焦循环水处理系统实际情况,确定了电化学处理循环水的最经济方案。运行结果表明,采用电化学处理循环水,不需投加化学药剂;处理后的循环水,水质可达到工业循环冷却水处理设计规范要求;浓缩倍数由2提高到6,可节水38.4 m3/h,经济效益明显。     

A COMPUTATIONAL STUDY ON SOME SELENIUM-CONTAINING NAPHTHALENE DERIVATIVES

A quantum chemical study, based on DFT theory is presented which considers certain selenium-containing naphthalene derivatives, including a keto group together with a Se atom embedded in either a five- or six-membered ring fused with naphthalene moiety. The corresponding enol structures also are considered. The quantum chemical and IR data collected are analyzed and NICS(0) values have been obtained.     

The synthesis of bi- and trichromophoric dyes bearing an s-triazinyl ring spacer

An alternative procedure has been described for the syntheses of several bi- and trichromophoric compounds consisting of 1-aminopyrene and 3-aminobenzanthrone chromophoric subsystems connected by an s-triazinyl ring spacer. The synthetic method used, which utilises an autoclave under autogenous pressure, is suitable for the nucleophilic substitution of both chlorine atoms within the triazinyl ring by weakly basic aromatic amines. The structures of the synthesized compounds were confirmed using elemental analysis, ¹H NMR, and mass spectra. UV/vis absorption and fluorescence spectra and fluorescence quantum yields were measured. The dependence of fluorescence intensity and fluorescence quantum yields on solvent polarity was investigated.     

Environmental Effects on the Fluorescence of Tryptophan and Other Indole Derivatives

The fluorescence quantum yields of tryptophan, 3-methylindole and 3-β-hydroxyethylindole were investigated as a function of temperature in a variety of polar and non polar solvents. Similar quantum yields and “activation energies” were found for the different systems. It was concluded that the same collisional solvent deactivation is responsible for the decrease in quantum yield with temperature irrespective of solvent system used. A notable exception is water where a different mechanism is indicated. The quenching of the indole chromophore fluorescence by a variety of specific agents both attached to the ring by an ethylene bridge and in homogeneous solution was also studied. It was found that potential proton donating groups were good quenching agents, the effect being much greater for groups carrying a positive charge. Polarization by a neighboring group also enhanced the quenching ability of any specific group. It was concluded that an excited state charge transfer complex is probably involved as a first step in the quenching process.     

Self-assembled InAs quantum dot formation on GaAs ring-like nanostructure templates

The evolution of InAs quantum dot (QD) formation is studied on GaAs ring-like nanostructures fabricated by droplet homo-epitaxy. This growth mode, exclusively performed by a hybrid approach of droplet homo-epitaxy and Stransky-Krastanor (S-K) based QD self-assembly, enables one to form new QD morphologies that may find use in optoelectronic applications. Increased deposition of InAs on the GaAs ring first produced a QD in the hole followed by QDs around the GaAs ring and on the GaAs (100) surface. This behavior indicates that the QDs prefer to nucleate at locations of high monolayer (ML) step density.     

Effects of rapid thermal annealing on the optical properties of strain-free quantum ring solar cells

Strain-free GaAs/Al_0.33Ga_0.67As quantum rings are fabricated by droplet epitaxy. Both photoresponse and photoluminescence spectra confirm optical transitions in quantum rings, suggesting that droplet epitaxial nanomaterials are applicable to intermediate band solar cells. The effects of post-growth annealing on the quantum ring solar cells are investigated, and the optical properties of the solar cells with and without thermal treatment are characterized by photoluminescence technique. Rapid thermal annealing treatment has resulted in the significant improvement of material quality, which can be served as a standard process for quantum structure solar cells grown by droplet epitaxy.     

First principle quantum calculation of the hydroxylation of 2-member ring defect on the amorphous silica surfaces

This study was conducted to find out the initiation mechanism of the hydroxylation of the 2-member ring on the amorphous silica surface. To do this, ab-initio molecular dynamics simulations were performed based on the first principle quantum calculation. The results suggest that the hydroxylation is initiated through the adsorption of water molecule on the surface of acidic silicon atom. The reaction pathway, the transition state and the energy barrier of the ring opening reaction were determined using the nudged elastic band method and dimer method. The present reaction mechanism and energy barrier were quite different from the previous cluster calculations.     

杂环轮烯类化合物密度泛函理论研究

运用量子化学中的密度泛函和含时密度泛函理论法,计算了四种加共轭环的脱氢苯[15]轮烯衍生物的几何构型、电子结构、前线分子轨道和电子光谱性质。计算结果表明当脱氢苯[15]轮烯分子(M)被杂环取代或增加分子的共轭性,对轮烯的键长和键角等结构参数的影响不大,这与轮烯具有较强的共轭性有关。当母体中的苯环被嘧啶环取代时,最大吸收波长蓝移;当母体中的苯环被萘取代时,最大吸收波长与母体中的苯被吡嗪取代时的最大吸收波长相近。     

Acid formation from various sulfonates in a chemical amplification positive resist

The quantum yield for acid generation from alkyl and arylsulfonic acid esters of pyrogallol was measured in resist films composed of a sulfonate, tBOC-BA, and novolak resin. It was found that the quantum yield increases with decreasing molecular size of the sulfonyl group, which can explain the differences in sensitivity of the resist systems. Methanesulfonic acid esters of various phenol derivatives were synthesized to see the effect of backbone structure on the efficiency of acid generation. The sensitivity measurement of resists containing these sulfonates indicates that the number of sulfonyloxy groups bonded to a benzene ring is important. The higher number of the sulfonyloxy groups gives a higher efficiency of acid generation.     

热喷涂纳米陶瓷涂层研究进展

由于纳米材料独特的表面效应、体积效应及量子尺寸效应，其电学、力学、磁学、光学和等性能产生了惊人的变化，随着纳米材料科学技术的深入发展，倍受关注的将是纳米材料的结构化问题，有可能从纳米材料中获益的是通过热喷涂方法沉积涂层，本文附近来热喷涂纳米陶瓷涂层的研究进展进行了综述，并对其发展和应用前景作了展望。