HDPE-g-MAH对HDPE/PA 11性能的影响

以马来酸酐(MAH)接枝高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)(HDPE-g-MAH)作为相容剂,通过熔融共混法制备了HDPE/聚酰胺11(PA 11)共混物.研究了HDPE-g-MAH对HDPE/PA 11共混物的增容作用以及对共混物性能的影响.结果表明,HDPE-g-MAH对共混体系有明显的增容作用,共混物的拉伸强度和冲击强度得到提高;相容剂的加入,使共混物的结晶温度升高.     

PA1010/羟基磷灰石复合材料的制备与性能

利用熔融共混法制备了聚酰胺1010(PA1010)/羟基磷灰石(HA)复合材料,采用傅立叶变换红外光谱、热重分析仪和差示扫描量热仪测试了PA1010/HA复合材料的结构特征和热稳定性,利用电子万能试验机测试了PA1010/HA复合材料的力学性能。结果表明:复合材料中PA1010与HA之间通过氢键作用结合,而氢键作用的主要发生位置在PA1010酰胺键的氨基与HA的羟基之间;PA1010/HA复合材料具有良好的热稳定性,HA的加入对PA1010/HA复合材料的熔点基本没有影响,随着HA含量的增加,其熔融焓和结晶焓都降低。HA的加入,增强了PA1010/HA复合材料的拉伸性能和弯曲性能,与纯PA1010相比,分别提高了33.4%,98.3%。     

增容剂对PP/PA66共混物力学性能和结晶行为的影响

采用熔融共混法制备了聚丙烯(PP)/聚酰胺66(PA66)共混物,研究了聚丙烯接枝马来酸酐(PP-g-MAH)和乙烯-辛烯共聚物接枝马来酸酐(POE-g-MAH)作为增容剂对PP/PA66共混物力学性能和非等温结晶行为的影响。结果表明:PP-g-MAH提高了共混体系的拉伸强度,加入5份POE-g-MAH能显著提高共混物的断裂伸长率;PA66可起到异相成核作用,使PP的结晶峰温度升高;加入PP-g-MAH进一步提高了PP的结晶峰温度;PA66使PP的结晶活化能增大,增容剂的加入则使共混体系中PP的结晶活化能降低。     

PA6/NBR共混体系的性能研究

采用转矩流变仪,在温度为230℃、转速为80 r/min的条件下进行密炼,熔融共混制备不同聚酰胺6(PA6)与丁腈橡胶(NBR)配比的PA6/NBR共混物,通过差示扫描量热仪、热台偏光显微镜、转矩流变仪、电子万能试验机等分析手段研究了PA6与NBR配比对PA6/NBR共混物性能的影响。结果表明,PA6与NBR配比对PA6/NBR共混物的性能有显著的影响;添加NBR后,PA6的结晶温度提高了10℃左右,NBR对PA6具有异相成核作用并显著降低了结晶尺寸;随着NBR含量的增加,PA6结晶度逐渐下降,当NBR增大到80质量份时,PA6/NBR共混物的结晶度由纯PA6的29.30%降至15.21%,导致PA6/NBR共混物拉伸强度和耐溶剂性能逐渐下降。     

PA6/HBPA共混物的非等温结晶动力学研究

采用熔融共混法制备了聚酰胺6/含磷超支化聚酰胺(PA6/HBPA)共混物。通过差示扫描量热法(DSC)考察了该共混物的非等温结晶行为,并利用改进Avrami方程的Jeziorny法、Ozawa法和Mo法对DSC测试结果进行了非等温结晶动力学分析。结果表明:当HBPA用量为2%时,PA6基体的结晶度和结晶速率均有所提高,而进一步增大HBPA用量则会对PA6的结晶产生阻碍作用,致使结晶速率降低。另外,Ozawa法不适于描述PA6/HBPA共混物的非等温结晶动力学,Jeziorny法则仅适用于PA6/HBPA的结晶初期和中期,而Mo法很好地描述了PA6/HBPA共混物的非等温结晶行为,因而可用于PA6/HBPA的非等温结晶动力学分析。     

TLCPa/PA 66的非等温结晶动力学

研究了新型热致液晶聚酰胺(TLCPa)与聚酰胺(PA)66熔融共混物的非等温结晶行为。w(TLCPa)为0～30％的共混物的结晶温度和结晶度分别从PA 66的235．83℃和39．8％逐步下降为224．70℃和30．8％．PA 66的结晶明显受到抑制。w(TLCPa)为10％的共混物的Ozawa指数从PA 66的3～4降为2左右,共混物有着不同于纯PA 66的成核和晶体生长机理。TLCPa与PA 66具有较好的相容性。     

PA6/NMA共混物的制备及其性能研究

以聚酰胺6(PA6)为基体、自制N-苯基马来酰亚胺-马来酸酐二元共聚物(NMA)为耐热改性剂,通过熔融共混法制备了PA6//NMA共混材料。并采用差示扫描量热法(DSC)、热重分析(TGA)、热变形温度及力学性能测试等手段研究了NMA用量对PA6/NMA共混物熔融结晶行为、热性能及力学性能的影响。结果表明:随着NMA用量的增加,PA6/NMA共混物的熔融温度、结晶温度、结晶度以及熔融焓均逐渐降低,而且共混物的最大分解温度较纯PA6显著提高;随着NMA用量的增加,PA6/NMA共混物的力学性能及热性能均明显改善,其中当NMA用量为10份时,共混物的弯曲强度、弯曲模量、拉伸强度及热变形温度分别增至113.8 MPa、3 146 MPa、80.4 MPa以及71.5℃,较纯PA6提高了25.1%、31.9%、15.7%和27.5%;另外,随着NMA用量的增加,共混物的熔体流动速率(MFR)大幅下降,其中当NMA用量增至10份时,共混物的MFR降至5.3 g/10min。     

剪切作用下POE-g-MAH和PP-g-MAH对PA1010/PP共混物的增容作用

采用熔融共混的方法制备了聚酰胺1010/聚丙烯（PA1010/PP）共混物,通过扫描电镜、力学性能和差示扫描量热等方法研究了剪切作用下马来酸酐接枝乙烯-辛烯共聚物（POE-g-MAH）和马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯（PP-g-MAH）对PA1010/PP共混物的增容作用。结果表明,同样条件下,PP-g-MAH增容体系的相区尺寸较小,相界面更模糊,PP相的结晶温度和结晶度明显提高,共混物的拉伸强度和冲击强度均高于非增容体系。而POE-g-MAH增容体系的相区尺寸相对较大,PP相的结晶温度和结晶度明显降低,共混物只有冲击强度明显高于非增容体系,拉伸强度略低于非增容体系。     

PA1010/CaCl_2复合材料的多重熔融行为研究

通过熔融挤出法制备了聚酰胺1010/氯化钙(PA1010/Ca Cl2)复合材料。研究了PA1010/Ca Cl2复合材料的熔融结晶行为。结果表明:PA1010存在双重熔融峰,分别代表完善程度不同的晶体;不完善晶体在较低结晶温度下生成且生成速率较慢,完善晶体则生成速率较快,不完善的晶体在熔融后可以重排为完善的晶体;Ca Cl2的加入可以促进不完善晶体的生成,并阻碍不完善晶体向完善晶体进行重排。     

PA6对聚苯硫醚多峰熔融行为的影响

用差示扫描量热法（DSC）研究了聚苯硫醚（PPS）/聚酰胺（PA）6共混物熔融多峰行为，PPS及其共混物均出现熔融多峰现象。但共混物呈现更加复杂的熔融行为，虽然退火结晶温度，时间和DSC扫描速率不同，但共混物中PPS的低温熔融峰温明显地比纯PPS的高，认为PA6与PPS间的相互作用促使PPS无定形态的退火结晶完善性提高。熔融多峰现象用重组机理来解释。     

制备方式对PA6/PA6-66-1010共混物结构与性能的影响

采用原位共混和熔融共混分别制备了尼龙(PA)6/PA6-66-1010共混物。利用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪、差示扫描量热仪、动态热机械分析、力学性能测试和扫描电子显微镜对共混物的内部氢键作用、结晶熔融行为、玻璃化转变温度、力学性能及拉伸断裂形貌进行了表征。结果表明,原位共混物的分子链段的运动性和柔性好于熔融共混物,结晶温度、熔融温度、结晶度均低于熔融共混物,强度和韧性均优于熔融共混物。     

PA6/1212共聚物的性能研究

用差示扫描量热仪对尼龙6/1212(PA6/1212)共聚物的一次、二次熔融行为及结晶行为进行了研究,分析了组成与熔融峰、结晶峰的关系,发现了冷结晶现象;研究了PA1212单体含量为2%~20%的PA6/1212共聚物的力学性能与组成的关系。结果表明,在此组成范围内可制得刚性优良的共聚物,冲击强度也有所改善,当PA1212单体含量为11%时,可得到综合力学性能相对较好的共聚物。     

Morphology,thermal behavior,and mechanical properties of PA1010/PP and PA 1010/PP-g-GMA blends

The modification of polypropylene (PP) was accomplished by melt grafting glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) on its molecular chains. The resulting PP-g-GMA was used to prepare binary blends of polyamide 1010 (PA1010) and PP-g-GMA. Different blend morphologies were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) according to the nature and content of PA1010 used. Comparing the PA1010/PP-g-GMA and PA1010/PP binary blends, the size of the domains of PP-g-GMA were much smaller than that of PP at the same compositions. It was found that mechanical properties of PA1010/PP-g-GMA blends were obviously better than that of PA1010/PP blends, and the mechanical properties were significantly influenced by wetting conditions for uncompatibilized and compatibilized blends. A different dependence of the flexural modulus on water was found for PA1010/PP and PA1010/PP-g-GMA. These behaviors could be attributed to the chemical interactions between the two components and good dispersion in PA1010/PP-g-GMA blends. Thermal and rheological analyses were performed to confirm the possible chemical reactions taking place during the blending process. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 64: 1489–1498, 1997     

Preparation of the HIPS/MA graft copolymer and its compatibilization in HIPS/PA1010 blends

The graft copolymer of high‐impact polystyrene (HIPS) grafted with maleic anhydride (MA) (HIPS‐g‐MA) was prepared with melt mixing in the presence of a free‐radical initiator. The grafting reaction was confirmed by infrared analyses, and the amount of MA grafted on HIPS was evaluated by a titration method. 1–5% of MA can be grafted on HIPS. HIPS‐g‐MA is miscible with HIPS. Its anhydride group can react with polyamide 1010 (PA1010) during melt mixing of the two components. The compatibility of HIPS‐g‐MA in the HIPS/PA1010 blends was evident. Evidence of reactions in the blends was confirmed in the morphology and mechanical behavior of the blends. A significant reduction in domain size was observed because of the compatibilization of HIPS‐g‐MA in the blends of HIPS and PA1010. The tensile mechanical properties of the prepared blends were investigated, and the fracture surfaces of the blends were examined by means of the scanning electron microscope. The improved adhesion in a 15% HIPS/75% PA1010 blend with 10% HIPS‐g‐MA copolymer was detected. The morphology of fibrillar ligaments formed by PA1010 connecting HIPS particles was observed. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 71: 2017–2025, 1999     

树形分子对PA11/PA6共混物性能的影响

在PA11／PA6共混物中添加4．0代树形分子,提高了共混物的性能,研究了不同树形分子含量对共混物力学性能、耐热性和流动性的影响。结果表明,在PA11／PA6中添加0．25％树形分子后,共混物的拉伸强度、断裂伸长率明显提高,缺口冲击强度和维卡软化温度略有增加,但流动性有所下降。     

MORPHOLOGY,CRYSTALLIZATION BEHAVIORS,AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF PA1010/HIPS AND PA1010/HIPS-g-MA BLENDS

The binary blends of polyamide 1010 (PA1010) with the high-impact polystyrene (HIPS)/maleic anhydride (MA) graft copolymer (HIPS-g-MA) and with HIPS were prepared using a wide composition range. Different blend morphologies were observed by scanning electron microscopy according to the nature and content of PA1010 used. Compared with the PA1010/HIPS binary blends, the domain sizes of dispersed-phase particles in PA1010/HIPS-g-MA blends were much smaller than that in PA1010/HIPS blends at the same compositions. It was found that the tensile properties of PA1010/HIPS-g-MA blends were obviously better than that of PA1010/HIPS blends. Wide-angle x-ray diffraction analyses were performed to confirm that the number of hydrogen bonds in the PA1010 phase decreased in the blends of PA1010/HIPS-g-MA. These behaviors could be attributed to the chemical interactions between the two components and good dispersion in PA1010/HIPS-g-MA blends.     

聚苯醚接枝马来酸酐/聚酰胺66共混物的制备与性能

通过辐照法将马来酸酐(MAH)基团接枝到聚苯醚(PPE)上,制备了PPE-g-MAH,将其和聚酰胺(PA)66通过熔融共混挤出方法制备了PPE-g-MAH/PA66共混物。采用差示扫描量热、吸水性实验、维卡软化和热变形实验、拉伸和冲击性能测试及动态力学性能测试等对PPE-g-MAH/PA66共混物性能进行了研究。结果表明,与PPE/PA66共混物相比,PPE-g-MAH/PA66共混物的耐热性能、力学性能和吸水性能均得到改善;随PPE-g-MAH含量的增加,PPE-g-MAH/PA66共混物中PA66的熔融温度和玻璃化转变温度均向PPE方向移动,表明两者的相容性有所提升,且共混物的维卡软化温度、热变形温度、25℃之前的储能模量均升高,吸水率降低;当PPE-g-MAH含量较低时,共混物拉伸强度提升明显而冲击强度升幅较小,当PPE-g-MAH含量较高时,共混物冲击强度提升明显而拉伸强度基本不变。因此,可以根据实际的应用要求选择合适的PPE-g-MAH含量。     

尼龙1010／马来酸酐接枝聚乙烯共混体系结晶行为和力学性能的研究

将尼龙1010与马来酸酐接枝聚乙烯进行熔融共混,使用DSC、扫描电镜等方法研究了共混物的结晶行为、共混物形态以及力学性能。结果表明:接枝聚乙烯通过与尼龙1010在熔融共混时生成的接枝共聚物改善了共混组份两相之间的相容性和共混形态;共混物中尼龙组份的结晶熔融热焓下降;共混物在保持较高刚性的同时其干态及低温冲击性能较纯尼龙1010有明显提高。     

EBA-g-MAH共聚物增容PA6/ABS共混体系的聚集态结构与性能

通过熔融共混法制备了EBA-g-MAH增容PA6/ABS共混物,采用FTIR、SEM、DSC等测试了EBA-g-MAH对PA6/ABS共混物的增容作用;并讨论了EBA-g-MAH对PA6/ABS共混物的结晶性、力学性能及吸水率的影响。研究结果表明:EBA-g-MAH与PA6发生化学反应所生成的接枝物对PA6/ABS共混物有较好的增容作用,使分散相尺寸明显减小;PA6/ABS共混物的冲击强度得到很大的提高,比纯PA6提高430%,吸水性也得到改善,但是拉伸强度有所降低。DSC研究表明:EBA-g-MAH的加入抑制了PA6/ABS共混物中PA6的结晶,使PA6结晶度降低。