新诺明分子印迹膜传感器的制备及其识别性能研究

以马来松香丙烯酸乙二醇酯为交联剂,甲基丙烯酸为功能单体,磺胺甲唑为模板分子,在玻碳电极表面热聚合了一种磺胺甲唑分子印迹聚合物传感膜。采用循环伏安法、差分脉冲伏安法及电化学交流阻抗法研究了敏感膜对磺胺甲唑的响应特性。在优化的实验条件下,差分脉冲的峰电流与磺胺甲唑浓度分别在1.0×10-6~1.6×10-4mol/L及4.0×10-4~1.4×10-2mol/L范围内呈现良好的线性关系(线性相关系数分别为R=0.998 9,R=0.999 1),检出限(S/N=3)为3.0×10-7mol/L。该印迹传感器选择性高,重现性好。将此印迹传感器对复方新诺明中磺胺甲唑的含量进行了测定,回收率在95%~106%。     

协同增敏苯醚甲环唑的荧光光谱研究及分析应用

用荧光光度法研究了非离子表面活性剂吐温-80(Tween-80)/NaOH-三酸缓冲溶液(BTS)体系对苯醚甲环唑(DZ)的协同荧光增敏作用.在BTS/Tween-80体系中苯醚甲环唑的荧光强度显著增强,由此建立了测定苯醚甲环唑的新方法.苯醚甲环唑在5～50 μg/L范围内与体系荧光强度呈良好的线性关系,相关系数为0.99497,方法检出限为1.29 μg/L,相对标准偏差为0.3439%,具有较好的抗干扰能力和稳定性.方法用于测定水样中苯醚甲环唑的含量,回收率在93.0%～101.6%之间,结果令人满意.     

胶束十二烷基硫酸钠增敏荧光法测定银杏叶片槲皮素含量

建立了银杏叶片中测定槲皮素含量的十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)增敏荧光新方法。实验考察了表面活性剂种类、用量及p H等外界条件对槲皮素荧光强度的影响。结果表明,所选用的SDS、十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTMAB)、曲拉通X-100(Triton X-100)、β-环糊精(β-CD)4种有序介质,SDS在碱性(p H=9.12)介质中对槲皮素荧光增敏效果最好,在最大激发波长464 nm、最大发射波长542 nm处有强荧光发射峰。在p H=9.12、SDS浓度为1.5×10~(-2)mol/L优化实验条件下,体系荧光强度与槲皮素含量成线性关系,线性范围为2~14μg/m L,检出限为0.16g/L,RSD为1.56%。本方法用于4种银杏叶片中槲皮素含量测定,结果满意。     

CTMAB对水杨基荧光酮化学发光增敏作用探讨

通过不同类型的表面活性剂对水杨基荧光酮-H2O2-Co(Ⅱ)体系的化学发光反应的实验,发现阳离子表面活性剂溴化十六烷基三甲基铵在pH=9.6～10.0具有显著的增敏作用,金属Co(Ⅱ)的检出限达0.07μg/L,线性范围0.7～140μg/L,结果满意.机理研究表明,增敏作用主要与表面活性剂形成化学发光体系的过程有关,H2O2含量、pH值、阳离子碳链的长度、胶束的电场作用、增溶作用和胶束的能量绝缘均会影响增敏效果.当(ψ)(H2O2)≤1%时测定灵敏度较高,最佳pH值为9.80±0.2,溴化十六烷基三甲基铵对水杨基荧光酮的增敏作用最强,胶束的电场作用以及胶束的能量绝缘与增敏效果有着密切的关系.     

混合胶束对苏丹红Ⅰ的荧光增强作用及其分析应用

研究了各种条件下苏丹红Ⅰ的荧光性质,发现在pH9.00的Tris-HCl缓冲溶液中,阴离子表面活性剂十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)和阳离子表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)的混合胶束对苏丹红Ⅰ的荧光具有增强作用,荧光激发波长325nm,发射波长586nm,其荧光增强程度与苏丹红Ⅰ的浓度具有良好的线性关系,据此建立了微量苏丹红Ⅰ的荧光分析法,线性范围5.00×10-7～1.30×10-5mol/L(0.1～2.5μg/mL),检出限为9.30×10-11mol/L(23ng/mL)。该方法已成功用于合成样品的测定。     

N-烷基苯并三氮唑阳离子表面活性剂的合成及性能

以苯并三氮唑、不同链长的卤代烷烃、硫酸二甲酯为原料合成了几种N-烷基苯并三氮唑阳离子表面活性剂,通过IR1、HNMR对中间产物进行结构表征,并对最终产物进行定性分析。测定了所得产物的表面活性和发泡性能,结果表明,合成的N-丁基、辛基、十二烷基、十六烷基苯并三氮唑阳离子表面活性剂最低表面张力分别为:51.0 mN/m、36.5 mN/m、33.4 mN/m、35.4 mN/m;临界胶束浓度分别为:9.0×10-2mol/L、4.8×10-2mol/L、3.0×10-3mol/L、9.7×10-3mol/L。N-丁基、辛基、十二烷基苯并三氮唑阳离子表面活性剂最低表面张力随烷基链增长而降低,但N-十六烷基苯并三氮唑阳离子表面活性剂的最低表面张力却高于N-十二烷基苯并三氮唑阳离子表面活性剂的最低表面张力。合成的表面活性剂中,N-十二烷基苯并三氮唑阳离子表面活性剂的发泡性能最佳,而所有的泡沫稳定性均较差。     

镁-铁试剂-表面活性剂荧光光度法的研究及其应用

在荧光法测定镁的工作中应用了很多荧光试剂,但灵敏度一般不够高。近年来表面活性剂在荧光分析中的应用得到了很好的效果。本文实验了各类不同表面活性剂对Mg-铁试剂荧光反应的作用。实验结果表明,只有阳离子表面活性剂溴化十六烷基三甲基铵(CTMAB)和氯化十四烷基二甲基苄基铵(Zeph)有明显的增敏作用,且CTMAB的增敏作用更大。本文选用CTMAB为表面活性剂,方法的灵敏度可达2×10~(-3)μg/ml,比相     

利用八元瓜环Q[8]的荧光增敏作用测定药品中盐酸小檗碱含量

八元瓜环Q[8]对盐酸小檗碱的荧光有较好的增敏作用,用来测定复方黄连素片和盐酸小檗碱片中盐酸小檗碱(C20H18C lNO4)的含量。在电压700V,λex=345.07nm,λem=498.07nm的条件下,测定结果表明:盐酸小檗碱在2×10-8mol/L~1×10-5mol/L之间具有良好的线性关系,加样回收率在97%~103%之间,相对标准偏差(RSD)在1.5%以内。方法适用于盐酸小檗碱含量的测定。     

磺胺嘧啶荷移反应及荧光光谱性质研究

用荧光法研究了乙酰丙酮-甲醛与磺胺嘧啶(SD)的荷移反应的条件,并探讨了发光机理。实验表明,磺胺嘧啶荷移配合物的激发和发射波长为λex/λem=410/465nm,磺胺嘧啶在6·4×10-8~1·9×10-6mol/L范围内的荧光强度与浓度有良好的线性关系,线性回归方程为:F=7·18c 273·31,r=0·9977,检出限为2·56×10-8mol/L。方法用于磺胺嘧啶钠注射液中含量的测定,结果令人满意。     

流动注射化学发光测定水中对氨基酚

基于对氨基酚对鲁米诺-盐酸羟胺-钴离子化学发光体系有增敏作用,建立起测定对氨基酚的新方法,对实验条件进行了优化。结果表明,最优实验条件为:转速30 r/min,鲁米诺浓度4.16×10-6mol/L,NaOH浓度0.10 mol/L,盐酸羟胺浓度4.548×10-5mol/L,钴离子浓度4.072×10-6mol/L。在最优条件下,方法的检出限为1.0×10-7mol/L,线性范围为1.0×10-7～2.0×10-6mol/L,在对氨基酚溶液浓度为2.0×10-7mol/L时进行了9次平行测定,相对标准偏差(RSD)为2.5%,精密度良好。本方法可应用于自来水及河水中对氨基酚的检测。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Many Drugs of Abuse May Be Acutely Transformed to Dopamine,Norepinephrine and Epinephrine In Vivo

It is well established that a wide range of drugs of abuse acutely boost the signaling of the sympathetic nervous system and the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, where norepinephrine and epinephrine are major output molecules. This stimulatory effect is accompanied by such symptoms as elevated heart rate and blood pressure, more rapid breathing, increased body temperature and sweating, and pupillary dilation, as well as the intoxicating or euphoric subjective properties of the drug. While many drugs of abuse are thought to achieve their intoxicating effects by modulating the monoaminergic neurotransmitter systems (i.e., serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine) by binding to these receptors or otherwise affecting their synaptic signaling, this paper puts forth the hypothesis that many of these drugs are actually acutely converted to catecholamines (dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine) in vivo, in addition to transformation to their known metabolites. In this manner, a range of stimulants, opioids, and psychedelics (as well as alcohol) may partially achieve their intoxicating properties, as well as side effects, due to this putative transformation to catecholamines. If this hypothesis is correct, it would alter our understanding of the basic biosynthetic pathways for generating these important signaling molecules, while also modifying our view of the neural substrates underlying substance abuse and dependence, including psychological stress-induced relapse. Importantly, there is a direct way to test the overarching hypothesis: administer (either centrally or peripherally) stable isotope versions of these drugs to model organisms such as rodents (or even to humans) and then use liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to determine if the labeled drug is converted to labeled catecholamines in brain, blood plasma, or urine samples.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料，介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比，介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序，对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。     

Inorganic/organic nanocomposite coatings: The next step in coating performance

Inorganic/organic hybrid materials have considerable promise and are beginning to become a major area of research for many coating usages, including abrasion and corrosion resistance. Our primary approach is to prepare the inorganic phase in situ within the film formation process of the organic phase. The inorganic phase is introduced via sol-gel chemistry into a thermosetting organic phase. By this method, the size, periodicity, spatial positioning, and density of the inorganic phase can be controlled. An important aspect of the inorganic/organic hybrid materials is the coupling agent. The initial task of the coupling agent is to provide uniform mixing of the oligomeric organic phase with the sol-gel precursors, which are otherwise immiscible. UV-curable inorganic/organic hybrid systems have the advantages of a rapid cure and the ability to be used on heat sensitive substrates such as molded plastics. Also, it is possible to have better control of the growth of the inorganic phase using UV curing. It is our ultimate goal to completely separate the curing of inorganic and organic phases to gain complete control over the morphology, and hence optimization of “all” the coating properties. Thus far, it has been found that concomitant UV curing of the inorganic and organic phases using titanium sol-gel precursors afforded nanocomposite coatings which completely block the substrate from UV light while maintaining a transparent to visible light. Also, it has been found that the morphology of the inorganic phase is highly dependent on the concentration and reactivity of the coupling agent. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004, in Chicago, IL.