二氧化氯催化氧化-混凝-好氧曝气处理含酚焦化废水

根据焦化废水的水质特点,采用二氧化氯催化氧化-混凝-好氧曝气工艺对焦化废水进行中试处理,得到了一些基本的运行参数.实验结果表明,二氧化氯催化氧化将焦化废水COD值从5000 mg·L-1降至3000 mg·L-1,加入聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)混凝处理后的出水COD值为1200 mg·L-1,后期采用生化法处理,停留时间控制在48 h,最终使出水达到120 mg·L-1.采用上述联合工艺对焦化废水进行处理完全可以达到GB 13456-92 国家排放标准中COD值150 mg·L-1的二级排放标准.     

物化-接触氧化-过滤工艺处理漂染废水工程实例

采用物化-接触氧化-过滤工艺处理以活性染料为主的漂染废水,设计规模为10000 m3·d-1,进水水质为COD480 mg·L-1,BOD5 200 mg·L-l,P(SS)300 mg·L-1,色度300倍,pH 8～10:经该工艺处理后,出水水质为COD≤90 mg·L-1,BOD5 28 mg·L-1,ρ(SS)29 mg·L-1,色度39倍,pH 8.1,达到了国家污水综合排放标准(GB8978-1996)-级排放标准的要求.     

组合式气浮反应器-接触氧化池工艺处理发制品废水

采用组合式气浮反应器-接触氧化池工艺处理某发制品废水,并介绍了各处理构筑物、运行参数及经济技术指标.运行结果表明,用该工艺处理发制品废水,最终出水水质为COD 97.8 mg·L-1、BOD527.5mg·L-1、ρ(SS)78.9mg·L-1、ρ(NH3-N)25mg·L-1、色度72倍,出水水质达到污水综合排放标准(GB 8978-1996)二级标准.     

BIOLAK工艺在处理皮革废水工程中的应用

采用混凝沉淀-水解酸化-BIOLAK工艺处理皮革废水.运行结果表明,设计为COD 2000 mg·L-1,NH3-N180mg·L-1的废水经处理后达到了国家城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准(GB8918-2002)中规定的污水厂二级排放标准.     

三效蒸发-气浮-三维电解-兼氧-好氧-混凝对农药废水处理的研究

农药废水以其有机物成分复杂、COD高、盐分高、可生化性差、毒性大而成为水处理上的一大难题,得不到有效治理.根据水质特征,拟选用三效蒸发、先进的前处理技术"过电位三维电解技术"和"美境高效复合微生物菌种"组成的工艺"三效蒸发-气浮-过电位三维电解-兼氧-好氧-混凝"对农药废水的处理进行研究,探索该工艺对农药废水处理的可行性.试验最终取得了满意的结果,平均COD从28861 mg·L-1降到59mg·L-1,去除率为99.8%,平均NH3-N质量浓度从104.3 mg·L-1降到5.3 mg·L-1,去除率为94.9%,出水达到国家一级排放标准.     

隔油沉淀-曝气调节-混凝气浮-A^2／O工艺在水产加工废水处理中的应用

水产废水具有悬浮物高、有机物浓度高、氨氮总磷浓度高等特点.采用隔油沉淀-曝气调节-混凝气浮-A2/O的处理工艺,当进水COD≤ 200mg·L-1,NH3-N≤80mg·L-1时,出水基本达到综合排放标准二级标准.工程实践表明,该工艺流程处理效果良好、运行成本较低,操作简便.     

海日花边印染废水处理工程实践

针对海日花边企业排放的印染废水特点,采用了A/O工艺+优势菌技术,工程处理规模3 000m3·d-1.运行实践表明,出水水质达到COD为65 mg3·L-1,BOD515 mg·L-1,ρ(SS) 20 mg·L-1,色度8倍,满足纺织染整工业水污染物排放标准( GB 4287-92)一级排放标准,工程运行稳定可靠.     

粉末活性炭-陶瓷膜臭氧深度处理煤化工废水

为了响应环保号召,保证煤化工废水近零排放,构建了粉末活性炭-陶瓷膜臭氧催化氧化反应器,介绍了试验装置与方法,探讨了反应器运行参数,并分析了反应器处理效果。结果显示,在进水COD为180mg·L-1,活性炭投加量为2.0g·L-1,水力停留时间为1h,臭氧投加量为120mg·L-1,膜通量为50LMH,出水COD降为58mg·L-1,符合煤化工废水排放标准中直接排放的限值(80mg·L-1);同时发现,臭氧浓度与跨膜压差负相关,增大臭氧浓度能降低跨膜压差,产生类似膜清洗的效果。     

高浓度含磷废水处理研究与应用

江西某木业公司磷酸法生产活性炭废水中含有高浓度的磷酸盐(以磷计约800～1 000m2·L-1).公司采用两级混凝沉淀+砂滤的方法加以处理,经过处理后的废水可以达到国家污水综合排放标准(GB8978-1996)中的一级排放标准,磷酸盐浓度(以磷计)小于0.5 mg·L-1.     

UASB＋BCO＋BAF工艺在中成药废水处理中的应用

采用UASB+BCO+BAF新工艺处理中成药废水,废水水量为1 500 m-3·d-1,水质为COD 600～2 500mg·L-1,BOD5 600～800 mg·L-1,SS 400～700 mg·L-1,出水要求符合污水综合排放标准(GB8978-1996)一级标准.     

COMPARISON OF METHODS OF ANALYSIS OF GYPSUM1

The different analytical methods proposed for the evaluation of gypsum have been subjected to an experimental test. A combination method, consisting of a fusion with KHCO₃ and determination of CaO by KMnO₄ titration, the SO₃ by Andrews method of titration of BaCrO₄ has been found to give very reliable results with the least consumption of time.     

氢气纯度分析方法准确性的探讨

ONACCURACYOFANALYSISOFOFHYDROGEN1前言我公司目前应用的氢气纯度分析方法有两种,一种是爆炸反应法,另一种是焦性没食子酸吸收法。几年来,人们对两种分析方法的准确性曾有过褒贬不一的评论。这里我们也谈谈自己粗浅的观点。2爆炸法测定氢气纯度一定量的氢气样品与适量的空气之均匀混合物因反应后生成液体水而引起气体体积减少,减少的体积等于参加反应气体体积之和。其中l／3为氧气,2／3为氢气。根据氢气取样量和反应前后混气体体积之差,以及氢气在反应中的体积比例关系,可计算出样品的氢气纯度。计算公式式中：A一混…     

HEASUREHENT OF INSTANTANEOUS RATES OF LOSS OF VOIATILE COMPOUNDS DURING DRYING OF DROPS

A novel technique serves to monitor instantaneous rates of loss of a volatile solute from a suspended drop during drying. A highly sensitive electron capture detector is used to monitor concentrations of SF6 released into a flowing gas stream from a suspended, drying drop. Simultaneously, the appearance and morphological development of the drop are monitored with a video camera. This provides the wherewithal of relating instantaneous rates of loss of the volatile solute to particular events during the development of particle morphology.

Initial experiments have been carried out with drops of aqueous solutions of glucose, sucrose, maltodextrin and coffee extract. The results clearly display the onset of the volatiles-retentive selective diffusion phenomenon. There is also substantial loss of the volatile component later in the drying process, when the drops undergo repeated ex ansion, bursting and cratering due to the formation of internaf bubbles. These experiments appear to be the first quantitative demonstration of major losses accompanying changes in drop morphology.     

ANALYSIS OF RECENT MEASUREMENTS OF THE VISCOSITY OF GLASSES

Viscosity of Simple Soda-Silicate 500° to 1400°C Comparison of the results given by English with those of Washburn, Shelton and Libman, indicates a discrepancy in the absolute values of log₁₀ viscosity amounting to 0.6, those of Washburn et al., being relatively too high. If correction for this is made, the isothermal curves of log₁₀ viscosity as a function of soda content are smooth up to 50% Na₂O, showing no inflection. The observations as a function of temperature T are all represented within accidental error by an equation of the type where all three constants vary regularly with the composition. Change of Viscosity of Glass (6SiO₂, 2Na₂O) due to Molecular Substitution of CaO, MgO and Al₂O₃ for Na₂O The effect is clearly brought out by plotting (from the results of English) the change of log₁₀η due to the substitution as a function of temperature. The curves each show a sharp bend at a temperature between 840° and 1050°C, which is designated the aggregation temperature T_a. If we divide these curves by the corresponding percentage substituted, we get curves for each oxide which are straight and parallel below the aggregation temperatures, the slopes (increase of change of log₁₀η per 100°C) being −0.056 (CaO), −0.055 (MgO), −0.018 (A1₂O₃) per per cent oxide substituted. For substitution of 1/2 molecule the slopes are −0.325 (CaO), −0.23 (MgO) and −0.18 (Al₂O₃) per 100°. At the aggregation temperature the change of log₁₀η per per cent is a minimum, 0.03 to 0.06 for CaO, 0.12 for MgO, 0.07 for Al₂O₃. Evidence of Aggregation in Glasses, from viscosity Measurements The sharp bends in the plots of change of log₁₀η due to substitution of an oxide for Na₂O, suggest the beginning of molecular aggregation at these temperatures. These aggregation temperatures are close to the devitrification temperatures, but the effect on the viscosity curves cannot be due to actual devitrification since it does not change with time. Taking the aggregation temperatures as equal to devitrification temperatures, additional isotherms are roughly sketched into the equilibrium triangle of the system Na₂O-CaO-SiO₂. Change of Viscosity of Glass (4SiO₂, 2Na₂O) due to of Substitution of B₂O₃ for SiO₂ The change of log₁₀η (from the results of English) is plotted as a function of temperature, and also the change of log₁₀η per per cent B₂O₃. The curves are more complex than for the substitution for Na₂O.     

环氧树脂羟基值测定方法的研究

利用乙酸酐、吡啶和浓硫酸混合的乙酰化试剂测定环氧树脂中羟基值含量的方法具有操作简便、滴定终点明显和分析结果误差小等优点。     

骑式摩托车油箱喷涂工艺的改进

面对日益激烈的市场竞争,摩托车油箱外观质量越来越成为影响销售的因素之一。文章介绍了改进工艺后的油箱涂装,该涂装体系提高了油箱外观的丰满度,降低了油箱涂装的生产成本。     

SEDIMENTATION OF BINARY MIXTURES OF PARTICLES OF UNEQUAL DENSITIES AND OF DIFFERENT SIZES

A model is developed for the sedimentation from a suspension of two particle species of unequal densities and of different sizes. The composition and the thickness of various layers in the sediments are predicted using graphical and analytical methods. The model predictions were in excellent agreement with experimental results, when the particle size ratio was ≥ 108. When size ratio of the particles was 2.60 and 4.31 the agreement occurred in about 50 percent of the cases.     

茶多酚提取方法进展

本文综述了国内外现有茶多酚提取方法的现状以及近期的研究进展，并对其优缺点进行了评价。这将有助于中低档茶的综合利用和茶多酚的进一步开发应用。     

用两个形状指数表征粉煤灰颗粒形貌的研究

引用两个形状指数表征颗粒形状的概念,即先将颗粒形状近似为椭圆,再将椭圆图像分离:以圆为基准的颗粒宏观形状指数δ;以光滑椭圆为基准的颗粒轮廓凹凸度,即微观形状指数ζ。分析和发展了近似椭圆模型。并运用图像分析仪对粉煤灰、水泥样品进行实验。结果表明,粉煤灰颗粒的两个形状指数δ和ζ都大于水泥颗粒。证明粉煤灰颗粒的球形度、表面光滑度优于水泥,而且,随着粒径增大,δ和ζ呈下降趋势,表明磨制颗粒越粗。(?)粒形状越不规则。文中还运用近似椭圆模型再现了颗粒的模拟图像。     

典型煤碳燃烧特性研究和数值模拟

本文以三种典型煤的碳燃烧为研究对象，分别采用简单一维沉降燃烧方式和等温加热燃烧方式，实验研究了煤在快速加热条件下，其碳的初期和中，后期燃烧过程。以实验为基础，建立了煤的碳燃烧模型，变工况数值模拟了煤的碳燃烧过程，揭示了煤不同条件下的单颗粒碳燃烧特性。