共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 171 毫秒
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丁黄药用作高硫铝土矿浮选除硫的捕收剂 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
采用浮选方法对我国含硫一水硬铝石型铝土矿进行脱硫,采用单因素实验研究了高硫铝土矿在浮选剂丁基钠黄药作用下反浮选除硫的工艺条件,考察了浮选剂用量、浮选时间、浮选矿浆浓度(液固质量比)、pH值及矿石粒度对浮选的影响. 结果表明,反浮选除硫的合适工艺条件为,矿浆pH 10、浮选剂用量0.16 kg/t、起泡剂20 g/t、浮选刮泡时间15 min、液固质量比10、矿石粒度0.15 mm. 在此工艺条件下,铝土矿中硫含量由2.08%降低到0.41%,符合我国氧化铝工业对矿石中硫含量的要求,Al2O3回收率达90.83%. 浮选过程基本符合一级动力学反应方程. 相似文献
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晶体硅棒在加工成硅片的切割过程中产生了大量的切割废料。本文回顾了废料回收主要局限于回收聚乙二醇和碳化硅的现状,然而废料中的硅具有更大的回收价值。介绍了目前硅粉回收技术中物理方法、化学方法和间接回收的研究进展,重点阐述了物理沉降、重液分离、泡沫浮选、电泳分离、电选分离、高温处理等物理方法和利用碳化硅与硅化学稳定性的差异进行的化学分离的研究现状,评述和比较了各种方法的特点和优缺点。指出在现有的回收技术中要实现规模回收硅粉还存在较大的困难,需要通过深入广泛的研究,提高硅粉的回收率和纯度,降低成本,改善工作环境。 相似文献
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太阳能硅片切割废砂浆的分离及回收研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
以太阳能硅片切割废砂浆为原料,采用固液分离、酸溶和碱溶提纯等方法,除去废砂浆中的铁及不锈钢粉等杂质,回收聚乙二醇、硅和碳化硅微粉。结果表明,以水为溶剂,按液固体积质量比(mL/g)为10∶1、常温下搅拌10min溶出废砂浆中的聚乙二醇,精馏回收;用盐酸处理废砂浆中铁及不锈钢粉的最佳工艺条件:c(盐酸)=3.0 mol/L、温度为40℃、反应时间为1 h、液固比为10∶1;采用酸溶和碱溶方法除硅,可使碳化硅微粉中硅的质量分数降到0.5%以下。 相似文献
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废旧镍基高温合金含有镍、钴等多种稀贵金属元素,是具有极高回收价值的二次资源.但是绝大部分高温合金废料未被资源化利用,造成了资源浪费和经济损失.采用盐酸、硝酸、过氧化氢对合金废料进行氧化酸浸,分别研究酸浸液配比、固液比、搅拌强度、浸出时间对浸出率的影响.结果表明,最佳工艺条件为:盐酸浓度11 mol·L-1,浓硝酸用量20 mL,过氧化氢用量50 mL,搅拌强度300 r·min-1,固液比1:8,浸出时间3 h,在上述条件下,高温合金废料中镍、钴的浸出率分别为82.98%、79.74%. 相似文献
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以油酸钠和十二烷胺醋酸盐(DAA)为复合捕收剂,以偏硅酸钠为调整剂,利用反浮选工艺富集青海大柴旦低品位柱硼镁石(MgO·B2O3·3H2O)矿。实验结果表明,采用反浮选法可将柱硼镁石与石膏、碱式碳酸镁、食盐等杂质分离。通过实验确定了适宜的工艺条件,即:捕收剂十二烷胺醋酸盐用量1.5 kg/t,油酸钠用量0.15 kg/t,调整剂偏硅酸钠0.92 kg/t;液固比6∶1;浮选温度30~35℃;浮选时间10 min;矿浆pH=9.0~9.2。在此条件下,一次浮选所得1#硼精矿中B2O3品位由原矿的7.82%提高至12.3%,产率达60%以上。 相似文献
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《耐火材料》2018,(6)
为了更好地回收利用太阳能级多晶硅切割废料,采用蒸馏水将w(HF)=40%的浓氢氟酸稀释后作为浸出液酸洗处理多晶硅切割废料,以除去硅颗粒表面的SiO_2膜并浸出废料中被氧化膜包裹的部分金属杂质,将其提纯成含有碳化硅和硅的原料,并研究了浸出时间(分别为1、1. 5、2、2. 5、3 h)、浸出液浓度(浓氢氟酸体积分数分别为5%、15%、25%、35%、40%)、浸出温度(分别为15、25、35、45、55℃)、搅拌速度(分别为100、120、150、180、200 r·min~(-1))、液固比(浸出液体积(m L)与切割废料质量(g)之比分别为3 1、3. 5 1、4 1、4. 5 1、5 1)等工艺因素对切割废料杂质浸出率的影响。结果表明,用氢氟酸处理多晶硅切割废料的较优工艺条件为:浸出液中浓氢氟酸体积分数15%,浸出温度15~25℃(室温),浸出时间2. 5 h,浸出液体积(mL)与切割废料质量(g)之比4 1,搅拌速度150 r·min~(-1)。在此条件下进行的验证试验表明,酸洗除杂后的切割废料中Fe杂质浸出率达到98. 83%,SiC和Si的含量(w)分别为87. 34%和12. 51%。可见,酸洗后的切割废料中SiC+Si含量(w)高达99. 85%,可用作生产碳化硅、氮化硅等产品的原料。 相似文献
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实验采用了还原浸出的循环回收处理方法,从镍钴锰三元素氢氧化物废料中重新回收钴、镍和锰,可直接用于重新制备镍钴锰三元素氢氧化物产品,实现废料的循环回收利用。本文研究了还原回收镍钴锰三元素氢氧化物废料的还原剂种类、用量比、反应条件等影响因素对镍、钴和锰元素的回收率的影响。实验结果表明:工艺最佳条件是水合肼是回收镍钴锰三元素氢氧化物废料的最佳还原剂,还原剂用量为1.4倍理论量,反应初始酸度为4 mol·L~(-1),反应温度为50℃,反应液固比为4︰1,反应时间为90 min。钴、镍和锰的回收率分别可达到99.31%、99.75%和99.80%。本工艺简单可行,回收率高,因此适合应用于工业生产。 相似文献
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Yu Bai Shuchen Sun Ganfeng Tu Xiaoxiao Huang 《International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology》2020,17(6):2697-2708
Free carbon is the main impurity in boron carbide and has many side effects on the quality of boron carbide. In this study, reverse flotation was used for the first time to remove free carbon in boron carbide. The response surface methodology was utilized to optimize the reverse flotation factors, and the samples were analyzed by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, laser particle size analyzer, and chemical analysis. The study results reveal that the main factors affecting the decarbonization ratio were slurry concentration, collector dosage, foaming agent dosage and pH value. Furthermore, the results also show that reverse flotation could be applied effectively to the removal of free carbon in boron carbide. Slurry concentration of 25.14%, collector dosage of 567.9 g/t, foaming agent dosage of 199.32 g/t and pH value of 8.4 were found to be the best conditions. Under the optimal conditions, the decarbonization ratio is 84.23%. Mass ratio of free carbon in boron carbide reduced from 2.98 to 0.47. 相似文献
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线切割废砂浆资源化利用研究技术 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
研究了从单晶硅或多晶硅线切割加工硅晶片产生的废砂浆中回收碳化硅,同时生产白炭黑的工艺方法。该工艺包括对废砂浆进行预处理,酸洗除去其中的铁及金属杂质;然后,向其中加入高浓度氢氧化钠溶液,使其与砂浆中的硅反应生成硅酸钠,过滤得到纯的碳化硅,对硅酸钠溶液进行酸处理,得到絮凝状沉淀,干燥后即得白炭黑产品;最后,向酸洗液中加入一定量10%的石灰乳溶液,得到红褐色沉淀,干燥得到氢氧化铁产品。本工艺操作简单,可有效回收废砂浆中的碳化硅,同时利用处理后的废液副产白炭黑,进一步降低碳化硅的回收成本,减少污水的排放量,具有较好的经济效益、社会效益和环保效益。 相似文献
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以轮胎半焦和石英砂为原料,采用碳热还原法制备出碳化硅晶须。利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)和扫描电镜(SEM)对制得的产物进行物相组成和形貌分析,探究反应温度(1 300~1 500 ℃)、反应时间(120~300 min)、升温程序以及半焦粒度对合成碳化硅晶须的影响规律。结果表明:温度控制在1 350 ℃左右,且采用先升至1 500 ℃成核再降至1 350 ℃保温生长的加热方式时更有利晶须生长;原料粒度能够同时对碳化硅的生成和晶须的生长产生影响;随着半焦粒度的减小,碳化硅晶须的产量和质量均呈先升高后下降的趋势。在轮胎半焦粒度100~120目(150~120 μm)、反应温度1 350 ℃、反应时间240 min的最佳条件下,碳化硅产率为95.36%,制得的晶须直径为50~120 nm,长度为50~80 μm且分布均匀。 相似文献
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Poor mechanical property is identified as a potential barrier to commercial development of diamond wire sawn multi-crystalline silicon wafers. 3-point bending tests of the diamond-sawn multi-crystalline silicon wafer samples, along with those of mono-crystalline silicon and of the slurry-sawn wafers for references, were carried out. The bending in two orthogonal orientations relative to the cutting marks was tested respectively. Critical strain at breakage is chosen to indicate the wafer’s strength against breakage in bending. Effective elastic moduli of the different wafer samples in bending were also measured. The results show that, compared to slurry-sawn silicon wafers, diamond-sawn silicon wafers, either of mono-crystalline or multi-crystalline, are stronger in the direction parallel to the cutting marks, and weaker in the direction vertical to the cutting marks; more importantly, for diamond-sawn multi-crystalline silicon wafers, a very low critical strain level, ~57 % of the slurry-sawn multi-crystalline silicon wafers, is identified, in their direction vertical to the cutting marks. In view of the relevance of the critical strain to the breakage rate for the main stream slurry-sawn wafers, this would cause an unacceptably high breakage rate in industrial production and application of the diamond-sawn multi-crystalline silicon wafers. Annealing was found to significantly raise the critical strains of various wafers, and encouragingly, annealing at temperature as low as 400 °C can raise the critical strain of the diamond-sawn multi-crystalline silicon wafers to a level similar to that of the slurry-sawn multi-crystalline silicon wafers. 相似文献
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Inlin Tsao Stephen C. Danforth Arthur B. Metzner 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》1993,76(12):2977-2984
The rheological behavior of injection-moldable formulations for reaction-bonded Si3 N4 toughened with silicon carbide whiskers was studied using capillary rheometry. The effects on rheology of the following parameters were examined: solids loading, powder/whisker volume ratio, particle size and type, and binder composition. Two important aspects of the flow behavior were delineated. First, corrections for end effects and slippage along the wall were made in order to interpret the experimental data properly. At high shearing rates (i.e., 103 s−1 ) slip may account for more than 50% of the total flow. Such slippage promotes flow into the smallest channels or corners of the mold and may appreciably facilitate molding. Consequently the careful study of slippage is an inherent requirement of the rheological characterization of these concentrated suspensions. Second, the suspension viscosities were delineated. An empirical equation for predicting relative viscosity was developed for formulations containing up to ∼30 vol% of silicon carbide whiskers (with more than 50 vol% total solids). Suspension viscosities generally increased with decreasing particle size and increasing whisker contents. Particle surface roughness appears to affect the shearing behavior. Binders of low molecular weight resulted in higher relative viscosities than higher molecular weight binders, indicating possibly better dispersion of solids when more viscous binders are employed. 相似文献