含油污泥处理站现场工艺参数优化试验

针对油田在地质开采及原油储运处理过程中产生的含油污泥成分复杂、严重污染周边环境且存在资源浪费的情况,采用含油污泥离心处理工艺对含油污泥进行处理。摸索出污泥离心处理工艺离心机的最佳工作参数区间,确定含油污泥离心处理工艺的关键影响参数。该工艺可以有效处理油田含油污泥,实现含油污泥环保化、资源化处理的目的。     

含油污泥处理技术在大庆油田应用研究

含油污泥是油田开发和储运过程中产生的主要污染物,随着油田开发的逐步深入,含油污泥所带来的生产和环境矛盾越来越突出。2013年大庆油田第七采油厂新建了"含油污泥预处理+调质装置+离心机"处理工艺的含油污泥处理站1座,通过现场试验对该工艺的适应性及处理效果进行检验,为油田含油污泥处理技术提供现场经验积累。     

含油污泥处理现状及资源化利用工艺探讨

含油污泥所带来的环境污染问题长期困扰油田企业。针对含油污泥的来源及特性,对含油污泥处理现状进行总结,探讨了强化预处理和工艺优化组合方式处理含油污泥的可行性,并简述相关原理,提出含油污泥的无害化处理及资源化回用将成为未来发展趋势。     

含油污泥减量化处理方法研究与应用

阐述了含油污泥的减量化处理难点及几种常见的处理方式.分析了炼油污水处理场低含油污泥的特点,并根据实际制定减量组合工艺,即叠螺机初步脱水、输送提升及低温干化三个环节组成的含油污泥减量化技术.运行结果表明该工艺能够实现含油污泥的减量化,且减重率在70％ 以上,均能耗在350 kW·h/t以下.     

含油污泥的特点以及除油脱水方法的浅析

含油污泥主要在石油开采、运输、炼制以及含油污水处理过程中产生。文章综述了含油污泥的产生方式以及特点,重点介绍了含油污泥的常规处理方式和机理,分析和探讨了现状含油污泥除油脱水的常规工艺效果。通过分析表明,各种处理方法对含油污泥的都有其自身的特点以及适用范围。因此,在选择工艺时,必须从污泥的特性、有无废热可利用以及整个处理、处置系统的关系等方面综合考虑合适的处理工艺。     

一种新型含油污泥处理技术的研究及应用

为了成功攻克长庆气田含油污泥处理技术难题,针对性选择MZ天然气处理厂气田污泥处理工艺作为科技攻关对象,最终研发了一种针对长庆气田含油污泥处理的新技术。该技术首次在气田含油污泥处理技术领域引入臭氧破稳除油新工艺,同时研发了一套适合此种含油污泥处理新工艺的加药方案,污泥絮凝效果显著,可进行大力推广。     

热洗法工艺处理含油污泥研究

采用热洗法对某油田含油污泥进行处理,通过投加药剂和热水对含油污泥进行调质热洗,控制热洗温度、热洗时间以及药剂的用量,以含油污泥的除油率为指标,确定热洗的最佳工艺条件,使处理后的含油污泥达到资源化和减量化处理的目标。     

含油污泥物化—生物联合处理技术研究

目前我厂含油污泥采取定点存放的方法,虽减轻了污染问题,但是治标不治本。该研究项目针对油田含油污泥日益增加带来的环境问题,引进先进的物理和生物处理技术,并根据油田实际情况优化和集成了处理工艺。通过超声波产生的空化效应对高含油污泥进行洗脱,减轻生物处理段的处理负荷的同时也回收了石油资源;生物处理后植物种植技术的引入,使含油污泥彻底达到无害化处理。该实验的成功将为油田含油污泥的无害化处理找到一条新的出路,为油田环境保护作出新的贡献。     

含油污泥无害化热处理工艺研究

含油污泥环境危害大,对含油污泥无害化和资源化处理是研究的热点.本文利用两种不同的热处理工艺对新疆某含油污泥进行处理,研究了处理前、后样品的不同理化性质,进而评价不同工艺的处理效果.结果表明,利用有氧焙烧工艺,在升温速率3℃/min,焙烧温度为500℃,焙烧时间1.5 h的条件下,残渣的含油率降至0.03％以下.无氧热解的处理方式对残渣中的碳元素的固定有利.     

煤化工综合废水处理工艺的设计与运行

介绍了煤化工含油综合废水的典型处理工艺。将含油废水单独经隔油、气浮处理,再与其他废水合并进入调节池,采用常规的水解、深层曝气好氧、沉淀和澄清主工艺处理,处理规模为300 m~3/h;含油污泥与生化污泥分别离心脱水处理外运。工程实际运行结果表明,COD和氨氮等各项污染指标完全达到设计出水标准,系统处理效率高、维护管理方便;出水水质稳定。该废水处理工艺在煤化工综合废水处理中具有参考意义。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Many Drugs of Abuse May Be Acutely Transformed to Dopamine,Norepinephrine and Epinephrine In Vivo

It is well established that a wide range of drugs of abuse acutely boost the signaling of the sympathetic nervous system and the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, where norepinephrine and epinephrine are major output molecules. This stimulatory effect is accompanied by such symptoms as elevated heart rate and blood pressure, more rapid breathing, increased body temperature and sweating, and pupillary dilation, as well as the intoxicating or euphoric subjective properties of the drug. While many drugs of abuse are thought to achieve their intoxicating effects by modulating the monoaminergic neurotransmitter systems (i.e., serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine) by binding to these receptors or otherwise affecting their synaptic signaling, this paper puts forth the hypothesis that many of these drugs are actually acutely converted to catecholamines (dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine) in vivo, in addition to transformation to their known metabolites. In this manner, a range of stimulants, opioids, and psychedelics (as well as alcohol) may partially achieve their intoxicating properties, as well as side effects, due to this putative transformation to catecholamines. If this hypothesis is correct, it would alter our understanding of the basic biosynthetic pathways for generating these important signaling molecules, while also modifying our view of the neural substrates underlying substance abuse and dependence, including psychological stress-induced relapse. Importantly, there is a direct way to test the overarching hypothesis: administer (either centrally or peripherally) stable isotope versions of these drugs to model organisms such as rodents (or even to humans) and then use liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to determine if the labeled drug is converted to labeled catecholamines in brain, blood plasma, or urine samples.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料，介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比，介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序，对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。     

Inorganic/organic nanocomposite coatings: The next step in coating performance

Inorganic/organic hybrid materials have considerable promise and are beginning to become a major area of research for many coating usages, including abrasion and corrosion resistance. Our primary approach is to prepare the inorganic phase in situ within the film formation process of the organic phase. The inorganic phase is introduced via sol-gel chemistry into a thermosetting organic phase. By this method, the size, periodicity, spatial positioning, and density of the inorganic phase can be controlled. An important aspect of the inorganic/organic hybrid materials is the coupling agent. The initial task of the coupling agent is to provide uniform mixing of the oligomeric organic phase with the sol-gel precursors, which are otherwise immiscible. UV-curable inorganic/organic hybrid systems have the advantages of a rapid cure and the ability to be used on heat sensitive substrates such as molded plastics. Also, it is possible to have better control of the growth of the inorganic phase using UV curing. It is our ultimate goal to completely separate the curing of inorganic and organic phases to gain complete control over the morphology, and hence optimization of “all” the coating properties. Thus far, it has been found that concomitant UV curing of the inorganic and organic phases using titanium sol-gel precursors afforded nanocomposite coatings which completely block the substrate from UV light while maintaining a transparent to visible light. Also, it has been found that the morphology of the inorganic phase is highly dependent on the concentration and reactivity of the coupling agent. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004, in Chicago, IL.