改性粉煤灰处理印染废水的研究

主要对改性粉煤灰处理印染废水进行了研究。通过实验考察了吸附时间、吸附温度、改性粉煤灰加入、改性粉煤灰粒度和废水的pH对废水中色度去除率的影响。实验结果表明,改性粉煤灰处理印染废水的其最佳工艺条件为:吸附时间为70min、吸附温度为30℃、改性粉煤灰加入量为2.4g、改性粉煤灰粒度为100～120目、废水pH为10.0。在此条件下可使100 mL模拟印染废水中色度由600倍降到65倍,色度去除率达89.2%,达到了国家《污水综合排放标准》二级标准。     

改性硅藻土处理含苯胺废水的研究

采用盐酸改性的硅藻土处理含苯胺废水。硅藻土改性实验结果表明,其最佳条件为:改性剂浓度为4mol/L、改性时间为40min、改性温度为35℃。改性硅藻土处理含苯胺废水实验结果表明,其最佳条件为:改性硅藻土加入量为2. 0g、吸附温度为35℃、吸附时间为40min。在此条件下,可使50mL废水中苯胺的浓度由50mg/L降至4. 6mg/L,苯胺去除率可达到90. 5%。     

改性膨润土处理含酚废水的研究

对十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)改性膨润土处理含酚废水进行了研究.通过实验考察了吸附温度、吸附时间、废水的pH和改性膨润土加入量对废水中酚去除率的影响.实验结果表明,改性膨润土处理含酚废水的其最佳工艺条件为:吸附温度为25 ℃、吸附时间为60 min、废水的pH为5、改性膨润土加入量为2.5 g.在此条件下可使50 mL模拟含酚废水中酚浓度由1 000 mg/L降到77.9mg/L,酚去除率达92.21％.     

改性粉煤灰处理含铬（Ⅵ）废水的研究

文章对改性粉煤灰处理含铬（VI）废水进行了研究。通过实验考察了改性粉煤灰加入量、吸附时间、吸附温度和废水的pH对废水中铬（VI）去除率的影响。实验结果表明,改性粉煤灰处理含铬（Ⅵ）废水的最佳工艺条件为：改性粉煤灰加入量为1．5g,吸附时间为10min,吸附温度为25℃,废水的pH为6．0。在此条件下可使50mL模拟含铬废水中铬（VI）浓度由10mg／L降到0．47mg／L,铬（VI）去除率达95％以上,达到了国家《污水综合排放标准》。     

改性粉煤灰处理含铜废水的实验研究

采用高温法对粉煤灰进行改性,并用改性粉煤灰处理含铜废水。通过单因素实验和正交实验,考察了粉煤灰的投加量、吸附时间、pH值和温度等因素对铜去除率的影响,优化了实验工艺。确定最优实验工艺为:投加量1.0g,吸附时间2h,pH=6,温度15℃,此条件下,去除率为90.2%。结果表明高温改性后的粉煤灰能较好地处理含铜废水,达到以废治废的效果。     

粉煤灰对苯胺废水的吸附研究

在静态条件下研究了粉煤灰对含苯胺废水的处理。比较了不同条件下粉煤灰对苯胺废水的处理效果,确定了处理废水时间、粉煤灰用量、废水pH值、温度、废水中苯胺浓度对处理结果的影响。结果表明,粉煤灰在时间30min、用量8.0g、温度25℃、pH值2.5左右时,对100ml浓度为200mg/L的含苯胺废水的吸附效果最好,去除率高达97.7%。处理后的苯胺废水达到国家三级排放标准(5.0mg/L)。     

改性硅藻土处理乙烯碱性废液的研究

本研究采用改性硅藻土处理乙烯废碱液,通过单因素实验,考察了改性硅藻土处理乙烯废碱液的吸附温度、吸附时间、改性硅藻土加入量和乙烯废碱液的pH对乙烯废碱液中硫去除率的影响,确定了改性硅藻土处理乙烯废碱液的最佳工艺条件。实验结果表明,其最佳工艺条件:吸附时间为40 min、吸附温度为20℃、改性硅藻土加入量为1.5 g、乙烯废碱液的pH为3。在此条件下,乙烯废碱液中硫浓度由560.4 mg/L降到29.4 mg/L,硫去除率达94.75%;乙烯废碱液的COD由148000 mg/L降到12000 mg/L,COD去除率达91.89%,改性硅藻土在乙烯废碱液处理方面具有很好的应用前景。     

改性粉煤灰处理苯胺废水研究

文章以粉煤灰为吸附剂,以盐酸和氢氧化钠分别作为酸、碱改性剂,对粉煤灰进行了改性处理,并对不同类型粉煤灰对苯胺废水中苯胺的吸附行为进行了研究。实验结果表明酸改性粉煤灰相比碱性粉煤灰和未改性粉煤灰对苯胺废水有较高的COD去除率和色度去除率。搅拌只能加快吸附到达平衡的时间,对粉煤灰平衡状态下的吸附能力基本没有影响。在pH为9.5,常温条件下,适宜的酸改性粉煤灰投加量为每100mL废水投加5 g,较佳的搅拌速率为200 r/min,在此情况下,苯胺废水的COD去除率和色度去除率分别为34.6%和37.8%。     

活性炭吸附法处理乙烯废碱液的研究

以活性炭为吸附剂处理乙烯废碱液,通过单因素实验,考查了吸附时间、吸附温度、活性炭粒度、活性炭投加量、废碱液pH对硫去除率的影响。吸附法处理乙烯废碱液的最佳工艺条件:吸附时间50 min、吸附温度25℃、活性炭粒度20~40目、活性炭投加量1.8 g、乙烯废碱液pH为3。在此条件下可使20 mL乙烯废碱液中硫浓度由1113.25 mg/L降到1.98 mg/L,硫去除率达99.82%,COD浓度由800000 mg/L降到5600 mg/L,COD去除率达99.9%。     

改性硅藻土处理含锌废水的研究

采用氢氧化钠改性的硅藻土处理含锌废水。改性硅藻土处理含锌废水实验结果表明,其最佳工艺条件为:吸附时间为40 min,吸附温度为40℃,废水的pH为7.5,改性硅藻土加入量为1.2g。在此条件下可使50 mL模拟含锌废水中锌的浓度由50 mg/L降到2 mg/L,锌去除率达96.0%。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Many Drugs of Abuse May Be Acutely Transformed to Dopamine,Norepinephrine and Epinephrine In Vivo

It is well established that a wide range of drugs of abuse acutely boost the signaling of the sympathetic nervous system and the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, where norepinephrine and epinephrine are major output molecules. This stimulatory effect is accompanied by such symptoms as elevated heart rate and blood pressure, more rapid breathing, increased body temperature and sweating, and pupillary dilation, as well as the intoxicating or euphoric subjective properties of the drug. While many drugs of abuse are thought to achieve their intoxicating effects by modulating the monoaminergic neurotransmitter systems (i.e., serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine) by binding to these receptors or otherwise affecting their synaptic signaling, this paper puts forth the hypothesis that many of these drugs are actually acutely converted to catecholamines (dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine) in vivo, in addition to transformation to their known metabolites. In this manner, a range of stimulants, opioids, and psychedelics (as well as alcohol) may partially achieve their intoxicating properties, as well as side effects, due to this putative transformation to catecholamines. If this hypothesis is correct, it would alter our understanding of the basic biosynthetic pathways for generating these important signaling molecules, while also modifying our view of the neural substrates underlying substance abuse and dependence, including psychological stress-induced relapse. Importantly, there is a direct way to test the overarching hypothesis: administer (either centrally or peripherally) stable isotope versions of these drugs to model organisms such as rodents (or even to humans) and then use liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to determine if the labeled drug is converted to labeled catecholamines in brain, blood plasma, or urine samples.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料，介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比，介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序，对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。     

Inorganic/organic nanocomposite coatings: The next step in coating performance

Inorganic/organic hybrid materials have considerable promise and are beginning to become a major area of research for many coating usages, including abrasion and corrosion resistance. Our primary approach is to prepare the inorganic phase in situ within the film formation process of the organic phase. The inorganic phase is introduced via sol-gel chemistry into a thermosetting organic phase. By this method, the size, periodicity, spatial positioning, and density of the inorganic phase can be controlled. An important aspect of the inorganic/organic hybrid materials is the coupling agent. The initial task of the coupling agent is to provide uniform mixing of the oligomeric organic phase with the sol-gel precursors, which are otherwise immiscible. UV-curable inorganic/organic hybrid systems have the advantages of a rapid cure and the ability to be used on heat sensitive substrates such as molded plastics. Also, it is possible to have better control of the growth of the inorganic phase using UV curing. It is our ultimate goal to completely separate the curing of inorganic and organic phases to gain complete control over the morphology, and hence optimization of “all” the coating properties. Thus far, it has been found that concomitant UV curing of the inorganic and organic phases using titanium sol-gel precursors afforded nanocomposite coatings which completely block the substrate from UV light while maintaining a transparent to visible light. Also, it has been found that the morphology of the inorganic phase is highly dependent on the concentration and reactivity of the coupling agent. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004, in Chicago, IL.