陶瓷注射成型的研究

注射成型是可批量制备形状复杂陶瓷部件的一种先进技术,本工作研究了陶瓷注射成型悬浮体的流变特性,考察了不同注射工艺参数对成型过程和坯体质量的影响,对脱脂过程中有机物的热分解和热失重特性进行了分析,研究了脱脂机理及陶瓷部件的实际脱脂过程,制备了完好的大尺寸陶瓷涡轮转子和叶片。     

氮化硅陶瓷注射成型体脱脂过程的研究

陶瓷注射成型是制备复杂形状陶瓷部件的一种有效方法。在这一陶瓷制备技术中,注射成型体的脱脂过程是关键一环。本文针对尺寸较大、形状复杂的陶瓷涡轮转子、研究了坯体中有机物排出的脱脂过程。结果表明:在低温段(RT～300℃左右),埋粉性质对脱脂速率和坯体质量影响显著,而高温段有机物的排除主要以裂解形式,脱脂气氛和压力起着重要作用;对于尺寸较大,形状复杂的陶瓷注射坯体在氮气中加压脱脂更为有利。     

ZrO2陶瓷注射成型超临界CO2流体脱脂动力学研究

用传统扩散方程建立了描述ZrO2陶瓷注射成型超临界流体脱脂过程的传质模型,研究分析了陶瓷注射成型超临界流体脱脂行为和脱脂的动力学过程。研究结果表明：有机粘合剂的溶解和扩散是陶瓷注射成型超临界脱脂过程关键因素,其中扩散为控制步骤。当脱脂时间足够长,模型计算曲线与实验结果吻合。通过实验数据,利用简单的理论模型可以得到相应的扩散系数。利用传质模型可以预测陶瓷注射成型超临界脱脂过程传质速率和萃取动力学。     

注射成型氧化铝陶瓷工艺研究

研究了氧化铝陶瓷注射成型工艺过程,包括粘结剂的选择、粉末装载量的确定及热脱脂工艺的研究。探讨了注射压力、注射温度和模具温度等注射成型工艺参数对试样性能的影响,得到了一条优化的氧化铝注射成型工艺路线。     

Sialon陶瓷注射成型的溶剂脱脂研究

在Sialon陶瓷注射成型中,以蜡基粘结剂的溶剂脱脂为研究对象,考查了注射成型中溶剂脱脂工艺的脱脂温度、脱脂时间、试样厚度、溶剂加入方式及表面积与体积之比等参数对试样脱脂的影响,对溶剂脱脂过程中可溶组元的最大脱除率作了初步的分析,并用SEM观察了不同脱脂率的形貌的变化。结果表明：在40℃下采用纯的三氯乙烯对试样进行脱脂,当PW的脱出率在75%以上时,连通孔道基本形成,坯体在后续热脱脂和烧结中不会变形。     

陶瓷的注射成型技术

陶瓷注射成型技术可解复杂形状的高性能陶瓷元件的大批量生产难题,并且产品尺寸精度高,表面条件好,论述了瓷注射成型工艺中粘结剂选取,注射成型,脱脂等步骤,并提出了将来的研究方向。     

陶瓷注射成型中水萃取脱脂粘结剂体系的相容性研究

提出了陶瓷注射成型水萃取脱脂粘结剂组分相容性的三大判断方法:溶解度参数法、热力学计算法、扫描电子显微镜法,以评判水基注射料的相容性,为陶瓷注射成型水萃取脱脂粘结剂的相容性提供了理论依据以及评判标准。并以聚乙二醇(PEG)/聚乙烯醇缩丁醛(PVB)以及聚乙二醇(PEG)/聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)两个水基粘结剂体系为例进行说明,讨论了陶瓷注射成型粘结剂的相容性对注射料流动性及水萃取脱脂速率的影响。     

氧化锆陶瓷注射成型溶剂脱脂行为的研究

以氧化锆陶瓷粉体为研究对象,采用低毒性、低成本的煤油作为有机脱脂溶剂,研究了注射成型生坯的溶剂脱脂行为,探索了时间、温度、固相体积分数和粘结剂体系对脱脂速率的影响,分别讨论了各因素影响脱脂速率的机理.结果表明:脱脂速率随温度升高而升高,随时间的延长而降低;脱脂初期扩散是控制性环节,温度是影响反应速率的主要因素,脱脂后期溶解成为控制性环节,浓度差成为影响反应速率的主要因素;注射坯体固相体积分数越高,脱脂速率越慢,粘结剂最终脱除率越低;用部分植物油取代石蜡的蜡-油基复合型粘结剂注射坯体的脱脂速率快于传统蜡基型的注射坯体,最终脱脂率也高于传统型的蜡基注射坯体.     

陶瓷注射成型研究进展

综述了近年来陶瓷注射成型技术的发展情况.阐述了陶瓷注射成型的影响因素,重点分析了陶瓷粉体性质、粘结剂体系以及脱脂工艺等方面对喂料性质和产品质量的影响.     

陶瓷部件的精密注射成型技术与产业化应用

就陶瓷注射成型工艺和近年来常用到的脱脂技术及其发展趋势进行了概述。此外,全面综述了陶瓷注射成型在光通讯、生物医疗、电子汽车、现代工业、文化生活等各领域里的应用。最后,对陶瓷注射成型的未来发展趋势进行了分析与展望。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Many Drugs of Abuse May Be Acutely Transformed to Dopamine,Norepinephrine and Epinephrine In Vivo

It is well established that a wide range of drugs of abuse acutely boost the signaling of the sympathetic nervous system and the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, where norepinephrine and epinephrine are major output molecules. This stimulatory effect is accompanied by such symptoms as elevated heart rate and blood pressure, more rapid breathing, increased body temperature and sweating, and pupillary dilation, as well as the intoxicating or euphoric subjective properties of the drug. While many drugs of abuse are thought to achieve their intoxicating effects by modulating the monoaminergic neurotransmitter systems (i.e., serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine) by binding to these receptors or otherwise affecting their synaptic signaling, this paper puts forth the hypothesis that many of these drugs are actually acutely converted to catecholamines (dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine) in vivo, in addition to transformation to their known metabolites. In this manner, a range of stimulants, opioids, and psychedelics (as well as alcohol) may partially achieve their intoxicating properties, as well as side effects, due to this putative transformation to catecholamines. If this hypothesis is correct, it would alter our understanding of the basic biosynthetic pathways for generating these important signaling molecules, while also modifying our view of the neural substrates underlying substance abuse and dependence, including psychological stress-induced relapse. Importantly, there is a direct way to test the overarching hypothesis: administer (either centrally or peripherally) stable isotope versions of these drugs to model organisms such as rodents (or even to humans) and then use liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to determine if the labeled drug is converted to labeled catecholamines in brain, blood plasma, or urine samples.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料，介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比，介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序，对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。     

Inorganic/organic nanocomposite coatings: The next step in coating performance

Inorganic/organic hybrid materials have considerable promise and are beginning to become a major area of research for many coating usages, including abrasion and corrosion resistance. Our primary approach is to prepare the inorganic phase in situ within the film formation process of the organic phase. The inorganic phase is introduced via sol-gel chemistry into a thermosetting organic phase. By this method, the size, periodicity, spatial positioning, and density of the inorganic phase can be controlled. An important aspect of the inorganic/organic hybrid materials is the coupling agent. The initial task of the coupling agent is to provide uniform mixing of the oligomeric organic phase with the sol-gel precursors, which are otherwise immiscible. UV-curable inorganic/organic hybrid systems have the advantages of a rapid cure and the ability to be used on heat sensitive substrates such as molded plastics. Also, it is possible to have better control of the growth of the inorganic phase using UV curing. It is our ultimate goal to completely separate the curing of inorganic and organic phases to gain complete control over the morphology, and hence optimization of “all” the coating properties. Thus far, it has been found that concomitant UV curing of the inorganic and organic phases using titanium sol-gel precursors afforded nanocomposite coatings which completely block the substrate from UV light while maintaining a transparent to visible light. Also, it has been found that the morphology of the inorganic phase is highly dependent on the concentration and reactivity of the coupling agent. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004, in Chicago, IL.