常温下猪场厌氧消化液的亚硝化研究

[目的]探求常温下猪场厌氧消化液亚硝化的最优工艺参数.[方法]在常温(15-30℃)条件下,以模拟低C/N、高氨氯的猪场厌氧消化液为进水,通过反应器启动和运行,研究猪场厌氧消化液亚硝化的最优工艺参数及影响因素.[结果]反应器在常温下作全程硝化启动时,氨氮进水浓度为100 mg/L,COD进水浓度为180 mg/L,之后逐渐增加进水浓度以提高容积负荷,经过25 d的培养成功启动.反应器启动后连续运行70 d,在未控制pH条件下,随着硝化反应产酸的积累,氨氮去除率下降至54.86%,NO<,2>-N下降至0.029 mg/L;在调节pH条件下,氨氮浓度平均去除率为93%,NO<,2>-N平均累积率稳定为90%;pH适宜范围在7.0-8.0,FA适宜范围为3.02-12.1mg/L,曝气量为200 mg/L.[结论]该研究为猪场厌氧消化液亚硝化的后续厌氧氨氧化进一步脱氮奠定了基础.     

稀土氨氮废水的厌氧氨氧化处理试验研究

研究了以上循环流式厌氧污泥床(UASB)作厌氧氨氧化菌反应器,通过厌氧氨氧化工艺处理含氨氮稀土废水,考察了温度、La~(3+)质量浓度、水力停留时间对氨氮去除率的影响及反应前后反应器内微生物群落的变化。结果表明:适宜温度及水力停留时间均有利于氨氮去除;低质量浓度La~(3+)对厌氧氨氧化(Anammox)菌有可恢复的短期抑制作用;在35℃、La~(3+)质量浓度低于1 mg/L、水力停留时间24 h条件下,氨氮去除率达85.99%;厌氧氨氧化工艺运行过程中,系统内微生物群落结构丰度逐渐下降及多样性减少,后期反应器中主要存在2种具有厌氧氨氧化能力的菌属Candidatus Kuenenia和Candidatus Anammoxoglobus。     

矿化垃圾作用下餐厨垃圾厌氧发酵产氢试验研究

采用添加填埋10年的矿化垃圾对餐厨垃圾厌氧发酵产氢过程的影响进行了两批试验。第一批试验主要初步探讨矿化垃圾接种量对餐厨垃圾产氢影响,此批试验结果表明:添加矿化垃圾可以提高餐厨垃圾产氢浓度(由24%提高到30%);第二批试验是研究矿化垃圾和污泥联合作用对餐厨垃圾厌氧发酵产氢的影响,实验结果表明:添加矿化垃圾后餐厨垃圾厌氧产氢的比氢气产率升高,从60mL/gVS提高到102mL/gVS,最大氢气浓度从33%提高到37%。     

矿化垃圾作用下餐厨垃圾厌氧发酵产氢试验研究

采用添加填埋10年的矿化垃圾对餐厨垃圾厌氧发酵产氢过程的影响进行了两批试验.第一批试验主要初步探讨矿化垃圾接种量对餐厨垃圾产氢影响,此批试验结果表明:添加矿化垃圾可以提高餐厨垃圾产氢浓度(由24%提高到30%);第二批试验是研究矿化垃圾和污泥联合作用对餐厨垃圾厌氧发酵产氢的影响,实验结果表明:添加矿化垃圾后餐厨垃圾厌氧产氢的比氢气产率升高,从60mL/gVS提高到102mL/gVS,最大氢气浓度从33%提高到37%.     

矿化垃圾作用下餐厨垃圾厌氧发酵产氢试验研究

采用添加填埋10年的矿化垃圾对餐厨垃圾厌氧发酵产氢过程的影响进行了两批试验。第一批试验主要初步探讨矿化垃圾接种量对餐厨垃圾产氢影响，此批试验结果表明：添加矿化垃圾可以提高餐厨垃圾产氢浓度（由24％提高到30％）；第二批试验是研究矿化垃圾和污泥联合作用对餐厨垃圾厌氧发酵产氢的影响，实验结果表明：添加矿化垃圾后餐厨垃圾厌氧产氢的比氢气产率升高，从60mL／gVS提高到102mL／gVS，最大氢气浓度从33％提高到37％。     

复合高铁酸盐脱除焦化废水中氨氮的研究

郑州大学冉春玲等人研究了复合高铁酸盐对焦化废水中氨氮的去除作用及不同环境因素对氨氮脱除的影响。试验结果表明 ,当溶液中高铁酸根质量浓度为 60 .1 4mg/L,温度为 71℃时 ,焦化废水原始水样中的 NH3- N质量浓度可由 3493.8mg/L降至 1 65 3.9mg/L,氨氮脱除率为 5 6% ;对于经生化处理后的氨氮质量浓度为 2 .70 6mg/L的焦化废水 ,当溶液中高铁酸根质量浓度为 1 3.2 78mg/L时 ,NH3-N质量浓度可降至 0 .0 345 mg/L,N去除率大于 98.7% ,系统排放水中氨氮指标远低于国家排放标准。复合高铁酸盐脱除焦化废水中氨氮的研究@张丽霞…     

从厌氧消化污泥中化学提取重金属

Marius Gheju等研究了用化学法从厌氧消化污泥中分离6种重金属(锌、镍、铬、铅、铜和镉),以减轻有机污泥占用土地的负面影响。为了评价重金属的提取率,在不同浓度和反应时间条件下,试验了2种有机酸(柠檬酸和草酸),2种无机酸(硝酸和盐酸)和1种强螯合剂(乙二胺四乙酸)。试验结果表明,     

折点氯化法除钨冶炼厂氨氮废水研究

钨冶炼过程中产生大量氨氮废水,直接排放对环境造成破坏。研究采用折点氯化法处理钨冶炼厂排放的氨氮废水,研究了反应时间、初始氨氮浓度、p H值、温度对于模拟废水的氨氮脱除效果的影响,以及折点氯化法工业化应用的效果。模拟氨氮废水试验结果表明,当pH值为11时,试验效果最好:在45 min后,反应到达折点,氨氮浓度降至5.3 mg·L~(-1),氯气利用率在95%左右。而温度和初始浓度两个因素对氨氮脱除无明显影响。折点氯化法工业试验结果表明:不同浓度(80~1 800 mg·L~(-1))的钨冶炼厂废水经过折点氯化法处理后,氨氮均能够降低到15 mg·L~(-1)以下,且到达折点时Cl_2与NH_3-N的质量比为7.8。     

部分亚硝化/厌氧氨氧化耦合系统处理稀土氨氮废水脱氮性能

构建了两级部分亚硝化(PN)/厌氧氨氧化(ANAMMOX)耦合脱氮系统,研究了耦合系统处理稀土氨氮废水脱氮性能和微生物群落结构的变化,探讨了稀土元素对系统脱氮功能微生物活性的影响。结果表明,通过控制溶解氧能成功启动两级PN/ANAMMOX反应器,当进水中稀土元素Y(Ⅲ)浓度大于10 mg/L时,两级PN/ANAMMOX耦合系统脱氮性能将逐步降低,停止添加Y(Ⅲ)后,其性能也不能恢复。同时短期试验表明,当Y(Ⅲ)浓度大于40 mg/L时对AOB菌活性有抑制作用,当Y(Ⅲ)浓度大于20 mg/L时对ANAMMOX菌活性有抑制作用,且抑制效果随着浓度的升高而增强。高通量测序技术表明,稀土元素Y(Ⅲ)冲击会降低系统中AOB菌(Nitrosomonas)及ANAMMOX菌(Candidatus＿Kuenenia)丰度,且对Candidatus＿Kuenenia的影响强于Nitrosomonas。     

Lix984NC与Mextral984NC萃取剂萃铜性能对比研究北大核心

对Lix984NC和Mextral984NC两种萃取剂的萃铜性能进行对比。试验考察了萃取剂浓度对萃铜效果的影响,绘制了两种萃取剂的萃铜等温线,并采用180 g/L的硫酸溶液反萃负载铜有机相。试验结果表明:当Lix984NC和Mextral984NC剂浓度相同时,其单级萃铜能力相同;萃取剂浓度为30%时,Lix984NC萃铜饱和容量略高于Mextral984NC,但Mextral984NC的分相性能优于Lix984NC。当浸出液中铜浓度为6~7 g/L时,连续运转中试试验结果两种萃取剂萃铜性能相差不大。     

The effect of amount of possession of the trait of hostility on accuracy of perception of hostility in others.

Some theories of personality hold that an individual's perception of others is influenced by his own personality characteristics; more specifically, that a trait of low social value will be projected more into others, and that insight into the possession of these characteristics reduces this distortion. These 2 hypotheses were tested by having a group of college students rate each other (including themselves) on degree of friendliness or hostility. Agreement with group rating about self yielded the insight score. In general, the hypotheses were supported; the "friendly" Ss were most accurate in their perception of others, and insight was positively associated with accurate perception. From Psyc Abstracts 36:04:4HL16M. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Comparison of rates of infection of two methods of emergency ventricular drainage

The rates of infection of two methods of external ventricular drainage in use at Atkinson Morley's Hospital--namely, (a) percutaneous drainage with Rickham reservoirs and (b) tunnelled ventriculostomies--were compared in this retrospective review. Percutaneous drainage of CSF with Rickham reservoirs was associated with a 27% rate of infection as identified by positive microbiological cultures; tunnelled ventriculostomy catheters had a 10% infection rate. The difference in the infection rate between the two methods was statistically significant (P < 0.015). Other variables examined, including the age and sex of the patients and the reasons for ventricular drainage, were not associated with an increased rate of infection. Most infections from either method were caused by a coagulase negative staphylococcus. The average duration of ventricular drainage before identification of positive cultures was 5.7 days for Rickham reservoirs and 6.0 days for ventriculostomies.     

浅析《野草》的版画特征

鲁迅先生一生热爱美术作品,对版画中木刻兴趣尤甚.<野草>作为其"写心之作",亦呈现出一些与木刻版画一致的审美特征:一是具有木刻版画的色彩特征,多对比、多冷色,有阴郁的美感;二是具有木刻版画的力度特征,环境描写、人物刻画处处刀锋毕现,遒劲有力,有一种"力之美".     

四辊破碎机车刀架的改造

针对四辊破碎机车刀架车削中存在的几个问题,详细介绍了电动车刀架的结构和工作原理,建立主要设计参数的数学表达式,并进行适当的分析。改造后,这种电动车刀架运行平稳、可靠、方便、省力,取得了预期的效果。     

转炉炉壳热应力分析

根据实际转炉建立实体模型。以有限元为手段,考虑了炉衬和炉壳材料的物性参数随温度变化的特点和炉衬与炉壳之间膨胀间隙,计算了转炉炉壳在温度载荷和炉衬膨胀压力同时作用下的热应力。所得结果可为转炉炉壳设计提供依据。     

Comparison of the results of surgical and conservative treatment of fractures of the diaphysis of the tibia

In this paper is treated the fundamental problematic of the fracture of the diaphysis of the tibia and the therapeutic results after the conservative and operative treatment are confronted. Among 518 patients with 433 open fractures and 35 with closed fractures of the diaphysis of the tibia, successful treatment of more 2/3 was obtained in the period from 1968 to 1972. Following our casuistics and literature, whose results are similar, we find out that the average total treatment of the osteosynthesis of the fracture of the diaphysis was shortened for 2,5 months depending upon the type and the localisation of the fracture. Apolied methods of the operative and conservative and conservative treatment in relation to the velocity of the medical cure as well as to the extreme anatomical-functional results are analised. We noticed that osteosynthesis, made by the intermedullary nail and the extension of the canals or by a small AO table, by the achieved stability makes conditions of immediate motions and an early rehabilitation. Because of that it gives the best functional results.     

Results of treatment of cancer of the cardia

Cancer of the cardia is traditionally discussed with cardiac cancer of the lower portion of the esophagus and upper gastric cancer invading the esophagus, and the specific characteristics of cancer of the cardia have never been clearly defined. We reviewed the outcome of 172 patients with adenocarcinoma of the cardia who had undergone radical surgery between 1949 and 1994 in the Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery of the Cancer Institute Hospital. The centers of the tumors were located within 2 cm above and below the boundary between the esophagus and the stomach, and their longitudinal diameter was less than 8 cm. We divided the patients into an early period (1949-1979; n = 79) and a late period (1980-1994; n = 93), and focused on the historical transition. There were no differences in patient gender or histology between the two periods. However, the late period was associated with fewer cases of esophageal invasion and shorter longitudinal diameter, as the age of the population advanced. The number of advanced cancers such as the localized and infiltrative type had decreased, and early cancer and early clinical stage had become more common, but despite the fact that the number of early cancers had increased, extended dissection, such as thoracic and paraaortic lymph node dissection, was performed more frequently. By clinical stage, the long-term outcome markedly improved in Stage I patient in the late period, and tended to improve in Stage II and III patients. This appears to have been attributable to the prevention of micrometastasis by extended dissection, although the number of early cancers is another major potential cause. There were no differences in the outcome of Stage IV patients between the two periods, and further advances in multimodality therapy must be awaited. The range of resection is basically proximal gastrectomy, and if there are adequate indications, the prognosis is favorable. In view of the status of lymphatic flow and lymph node metastasis, and long-term results, lateroaortic lymph node dissection is important. Since the number of early cancer patients has been increasing, if intraabdominal recurrence is prevented, intrathoracic lymph node dissection will contribute greatly to the outcome of such patients.     

焦炭热性能指标意义浅析

通过对焦炭在高炉内的历程及其变化规律的剖析,阐述焦炭热性能指标的意义,形象地把焦炭在高炉内的损耗分为三部分(M1,M2,M3)。指出M2对焦比及焦炭价格有一定的指导作用。     

参与式农业基地建设行动方案设计

为了编制实用性强的基地建设行动方案,首先,确定参与式发展的主体,搭建一个"决策框架";其次,针对行动目标,提出不同参与主体,如管理者、农民、消费者等团队与个人的目标及行动内容;最后,工作应向重塑伙伴式合作关系,挖掘农民自我发展潜力,完成三大角色的转换,打造农业基地文化等方向推进.