Information modeling of a geomechanical space

An approach to information modeling of geodynamic processes in a rock mass is proposed. The mathematical methods developed for 3D modeling of geomechanical objects are based on the triangulation by the defined set of revision points obtained from layouts of levels; the information model data base design is described. The information model implementation for the conditions of the Tashtagol ore deposit is presented. __________ Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 2, pp. 84–98, March–April, 2007.     

New underground mineral mining approaches

The authors offer new solutions for mineral mining. A key idea is the construction of artificial separating masses at the stage of preparing a deposit and its part for exploitation. In terms of the underground mines belonging to “Alrosa“ JSC, “GMK Norilsk Nickel“, it is shown that the implementation of the new approach will prevent mine workings from aggressive water ingress, secure from other negative factors, and will allow the application of highly productive chamber mining schemes. __________ Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 5, pp. 89–97, September–October, 2008.     

Scientific grounds for high-performance agent modes in platiniferous sulfide mineral flotation from rebellious ores

The author substantiates the choice of new selective agents PTTC, HPEDETC, and Hostaflot M-91 to float platiniferous sulfide minerals from rebellious ores. The study agent modes imply the use of PTTC, being a component of modified xanthate and providing 6–7% increase in recovery of copper, nickel, and PGM in flotation of the low-sulfide platiniferous copper-nickel ore from the Fedorovo-Pansky deposit. The substitution of HPEDETC and Hostaflot M-91 for xanthate makes it possible to increase recovery of platinum by 5.7–13%, palladium by 4–9% and 2–4 times the noble metal content in the flotation concentrate.     

Deformation of a rock mass during excavation of a flat sheet-like hard mineral deposit

The analytical dependences to describe the shape of a subsidence trough of the earth’s surface under the action of underground mining of a flat sheet-like deposit are constructed by the numerical modeling data. __________ Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 4, pp. 3–24, July–August, 2007.     

Iron losses in processing tailings

For ferruginous quartzite of the Mikhailovsk deposit, the features of mineral composition, iron occurrence, granulometric composition, and opening of phases of stage and total tailings of processing are considered. Extraction of hematite from tailings using combined concentration schemes is one of the variants of complex utilization of mineral source in the deposit. __________ Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 6, pp. 100–105, November–December, 2005.     

Optimization of mineral mining geometry and mine production capacity

The dynamic programming of delineation variants and operating periods for a deposit is used to study the problems of estimating the varied conditions of mineral resources and optimal production capacity of a mine based on the natural characteristics of ore reserves. __________ Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No.3, pp. 50–55, May–June, 2006.     

Investigation of stress fields occurred in the block caving process at a diasporite deposit in Western Turkey

The modeling with the finite element method was employed to study the block caving process for mining the Milas diasporite deposit in Western Turkey. The stress distribution in the vicinity of production and haulage levels is evaluated applying an elasto-plastic rock mass model. __________ Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 6, pp. 63–71, November–December, 2005.     

Estimating salt rocks rheology by in-situ observations of vertical deformation of interchamber pillars

The estimation of the parameters of a linear hereditary model for the sylvinite seam Krasny II at the Upper Kama potassium and potassium-magnesium salt deposit is carried out based on the data of field observation over vertical deformation of pillars. The laboratory-obtained parameters and the in-situ databased estimates for sylvinite rheology are compared. __________ Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No.1, pp. 21–27, January–February, 2007.     

Feasibility study of a geotechnology for underground mining at Udachnaya kimberlite pipe under the opencast bottom

The authors offer the optional versions of mining methods and technological schemes for mining at Udachnaya pipe reserves under the opencast bottom. The rational chamber-and-pillar method has been substantiated, considering the complicated mining-geological and geomechanical condition at the deposit. The economical feasibility of the proposed underground mining variants has been evaluated. __________ Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 3, pp. 55–67, May–June, 2008.     

Energy analysis of open-pit coal mining

Conclusions 1. The use of energy criteria to establish the mine boundaries corresponds to the role of coal-mining enterprises as subsystems within the energy-production system. The criteria here proposed reflect the level of technology not only within coal mining but also within the power industry and in transportation. It is important that the parameters included in the criteria have a physical basis reflecting the energy needs of the technologies employed and hence may be more reliably measured than can economic parameters. However, this is not an adequate basis for the absolute adoption of an energy approach rather than an economic approach. 2. The criteria proposed for determining the mine boundaries are based on the energy parameters both of the technologies employed and of the coal deposit, which allows the geological and other mine conditions, the processes of coal extraction and enrichment, and also transportation and energy production to be combined within a single system. This permits more reliable prediction of the determining factors, since they are based on physical parameters, which is not true of economic factors. The importance of this is evident in that, with rare exceptions, the mine boundaries may be established in the long term: 20–50 years or more. 3. There is one disadvantage in using energy analysis to solve problems associated with coal extraction: it is not traditional (although this approach — known as the exergetic approach — is widely used in other fields). However, since it is of growing importance to make rational use of nonrenewable energy resources, this disadvantage may be turned into an advantage. Institute of Mining, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk. Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 5, pp. 78–89, September–October, 1997.     

Improvement in ore beneficiation technology of complex substance composition

The results are presented for investigations on improving beneficiation process of mineral raw material of complex composition by way of example of rebellious polymetallic ore from the Zhairemsky deposit. It is found that the production of conditioned collective concentrates by accelerated electron action is accompanied by reduction in losses of lead and zinc with the tailings that are 2–3 times less than in direct selective flotation. Institute of Mining, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk. Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 5, pp. 97–102, September–October, 1999.     

Principles of projecting mining-and-engineering systems for integrated mineral mining with a combined geotechnology

The authors describe a new scientific-technical approach to projecting the integrated development of ore deposits with combining physico-technical and physicochemical geotechnologies. The paper generalizes the theoretical backbone of integrated subsoil development, presents the modern concept and principles of projecting the combined physico-technical and physicochemical geotechnology, and shows mining-and-engineering systems for integrated ore extraction with an expanded geotechnological cycle. __________ Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 6, pp. 58–66, November–December, 2008.     

Control of arch formation in the room-and-pillar system of mining. Part I. Stress-strain state of the rock mass

This article examines the problem of mathematical describing the deformation of an ore deposit consisting of alternating strong and weak layers for a variant of the room-and-pillar system of mining. Equations are derived to determine the stress-strain state corresponding to the boundary conditions. The O. A. Baikonurov Zhezkazgan University, Zhezkazgan, Republic of Kazakhstan. Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 2, pp. 5–14, March–April, 2000.     

Geomechanical forecast for distribution of fissuring areas in the saliferous measures of the Upper Kama potash salt deposit

Based on the mathematical modeling, it has been shown that forces of gravity generated by overlying deposits in the course of sedimentation create prerequisites for the formation of subvertical fissuring areas in saliferous measures. Prognostic estimates of distribution of these areas over the deposit are made. __________ Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 5, pp. 11–21, September–October, 2007.     

Video logging probe

A brassboard of a downhole video probe for logging in rock masses surrounding underground mine workings, with possible data imaging, storage and archivation has been designed, manufactured and tested in the laboratory and in situ, in the conditions of mines of the Talnakh-Oktyabrsky copper-nickel ore deposit. The designated purpose of the probe is to evaluate the disturbed state of a rock mass. __________ Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 6, pp. 119–124, November–December, 2006.     

Manifestation of rock pressure while working coal seams by the open/subsurface method

Conclusions o li]1.|The Denisov deposit of the southern Yakut coal basin is characterized by the presence of conditions favorable for the occurrence of coal seams: a shallow dip of 2\2-6\dg and its outcrop everywhere at the surface and below the alluvium, with a thickness of 4\2-8 m. Such conditions for coal-seam occurrence permit us to consider the possibility of using the open/subsurface method of working the Denisov deposit, which is located under conditions of spotty freezing. li]2.|Insertion of a mechanical unit into the coal seam from the surface is characterized by several distinctive features of rock-pressure manifestation compared with ordinary subsurface means of development, in view of the absence of support from the open assembly area. The manifestation of rock pressure while the collapse spacing is being established is of an ordinary nature, which is in no way distinguished from the usual means of subsurface development. Removal of the mechanical unit from the coal seam is characterized by the complicated process of rock-pressure manifestation, which evokes dangerous rock shift which attains values of 1320 mm, loading of the coal seam on the line of the clean-up stope with manifestation of intense squeezing of the coal into the stope, and the “sharp” settling of the support with rock-burst of the clean-up stope. li]3.|Working the coal seam in the Denisov deposit by the open/subsurface method may be accomplished while inserting the mechanical unit into the coal seam, provided measures are taken for controlling the roof by increasing the elastic resistivity of the support or weakening the roof, which is hard to collapse during its initial settling; assembly of the unit at the surface and its insertion into the seam must proceed in accordance with accumulated experience [5]. Removal of the unit from the coal seam is impossible under these conditions, and the solution to this problem requires the development of special means and measures. Mining Institute of the North, Yakutsk Affiliate, Siberian Branch, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Yakutsk. Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 5, pp. 69–73, September–October, 1986.     

Mine stability with application of sublevel caving schemes

The paper expounds results gained in mathematical modeling of stress state of a rock mass under mining by sublevel caving with areal-frontal and frontal ore drawing schemes. Stability of underground excavations in the course of applying the compared methods is evaluated in terms of the Sheregesh deposit. The authors recommend on supporting the openings at the ore drawing-off level. __________ Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 1, pp. 90–100, January–February, 2008.     

Gis-technologies for integrated assessment of the productive mining areas

The paper describes the bases of a new application of GIS-technologies for integrated assessment and comparison of the productive mining areas, involving a wide range of mining and technological factors, considering mineral properties, mineral occurrence conditions and geographical advantages of a mineral deposit location. The model capabilities are exemplified by a comparison of technological characteristics of coals, transportation and power supply infrastructure of the productive mining areas at the Kuznetsk Coal Basin. __________ Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 3, pp. 91–101, May–June, 2008.     

Substantiation of the sequence for opencast mining of a series of flat and inclined strata using the mined-out space for internal dumps

The possibilities of using the mined-out space of opencasts for placing the overburden in internal dumps are studied. It is established that on completion of mining flat and inclined strata there are free capacities in the mined-out space consisting of 40–70% of its volume which are a resource for placing the overburden from other opencasts with substantiation of the sequence of mining large deposits. A complex criterion is suggested that takes account of energy expenditures for mining a deposit and the energy damage caused to the environment. A procedure is given for solving the problem and results are presented of calculations for the Taldinsk and the Tomusinsk deposits. Institute of Mining, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk. Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 3, pp. 97–106, May–June, 1999.     

Interaction of Internal Structure,Chemistry, and Processing Characteristics of Pyrite from the Gaisk Deposit

Four mineralogical-processing modifications of the Gaisk deposit pyrite are distinguished; they differ in forms of appearance and content of gold, arsenic, silver, and zinc. The processing expediency is substantiated for separation of the gold-richest (more than 9 g/t) pyrite modification from the bulk by a gravitation-flotation scheme after preliminary grinding up to −0.074 mm in size, using the arsenic-selective reagent. In this case, it is theoretically possible that pyrite-associated gold extraction reaches 85 %. __________ Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, No. 3, pp. 90–98, May–June, 2005.