传感器网络接入Internet体系结构和服务提供方法

无线传感器网络(WSN)接入Internet,为Internet用户提供有效的服务成为研究的热点问题之一.提议WSN接入Internet体系结构,设计Internet-WSN网关实现WSN和Internet之间的数据包转换.利用网络中间件思想,提议WSN业务提供方法.分析和比较说明提议的体系结构从网络和业务2个层面解决WSN接入Internet问题,具有与现有网络协议保持一致,业务提供对用户透明,多个WSN能够同时接入Internet,开销低,业务提供方便等优点.     

基于ARMA的无线传感器网络流量预测模型的研究

无线传感器网络(WSN)的流量预测研究对于WSN管理具有至关重要的意义。基于WSN的特点,结合自回归滑动平均(ARMA)模型,该文提出了一个面向WSN的流量预测算法。仿真结果表明,该算法具有较高的预测精度;利用本算法对WSN的多路径路由机制进行改进后,可进一步提高WSN的生存期。     

基于服务质量的层次化结构资源分配算法

无线传感器网络(wireless sensor network,WSN)具有节点体积小、成本低、感知能力强等优势,被广泛应用于物联网(internet of things,IoT)场景中。如何在保证WSN负载平衡的前提下,提高业务服务质量(quality of service,QoS)成为众多学者关注的问题。在研究WSN中基于启发式的资源分配方法和基于层次化结构的资源分配方法基础上,提出了一种基于服务质量的层次化结构资源分配算法(quality of service based hierarchical resource allocation algorithm,QoSHRA)。首先,利用基于低能耗自适应聚类层次(low-energy adaptive clustering hierarchy,LEACH)协议的资源分配方法使整个网络形成层次化结构;然后,利用QoSHRA进行资源分配。仿真结果表明,QoSHRA在保证网络负载平衡的前提下,进一步节约了网络传输能耗,保障了业务分配的有效性,提高了网络资源的QoS需求满足率。     

WSN入侵检测系统ARMA预测模型分析研究

无线传感网络(Wireless Sensor Networks,WSN)作为新兴的测控网络技术,是能够自主实现数据采集、融合和传输应用的智能网络应用系统。WSN因其巨大优势和广阔的应用前景引起各界的关注。开放的分布式架构给无线传感器网络的安全带来了很大的挑战。而安全是无线传感器网络可用的前提,针对这一问题,迫切需要设计出能有效检测出网络入侵攻击的入侵检测系统。文章对无线传感网络安全特性进行了深入分析和研究,提出一种基于流量的ARMA预测模型的入侵检测技术。该模型利用传感器节点信息的关系和特点,增加了网络的安全性,使得网络能灵活的适应无线传感器网络拓扑结构的变化。     

WSN入侵检测系统ARMAN测模型分析研究

无线传感网络(Wireless Sensor Networks,WSN)作为新兴的测控网络技术,是能够自主实现数据采集、融合和传输应用的智能网络应用系统.WSN因其巨大优势和广阔的应用前景引起各界的关注.开放的分布式架构给无线传感器网络的安全带来了很大的挑战.而安全是无线传感器网络可用的前提,针对这一问题,迫切需要设计出能有效检测出网络入侵攻击的入侵检测系统.文章对无线传感网络安全特性进行了深八分析和研究,提出一种基于流量的ARMA预测模型的入侵检测技术.该模型利用传感器节点信息的关系和特点,增加了网络的安全性,使得网络能灵活的适应无线传感器网络拓扑结构的变化.     

无线MESH网络QoS机制研究*

随着无线MESH网络与实时多媒体业务的迅速发展,要求无线网络不仅能提供简单的连通性,还需要提供非常有效的QoS保证机制。针对这一需求,提出一种基于服务流映射的QoS保障机制,通过服务流定义及业务映射、基于QoS优先级的带宽预约、分级多轮调度等关键算法,实现多业务QoS保障。并通过仿真和样机测试验证QoS性能。仿真及试验结果分析表明,与无QoS机制相比,时延降低约20%,在各种链路负载下,高优先级业务丢包率维持在0.05%左右,能够很好的满足无线MESH网络多业务QoS需求。     

传感器网络多址接入协议的实现

无线传感器网络(WSN)由于其巨大的应用潜力成为近年来研究者们广泛关注的热点问题.WSN中的多址接入协议(MAC-Medium Access Control)决定了各节点是否能够高效的共享信道,因此直接影响到了WSN的性能.文中针对突发业务环境的无线传感器网络实现了一种新型S_MAC协议,详细论述该协议设计中的关键步骤以及对应的策略,并将该算法移植到了传感器节点的开发平台上.最后通过在硬件平台的测试,得到了正确的输出波形.     

无线传感器网络时间序列流量预估算法

提出了一种专用于无线传感器网络流量预估的时间序列模型ATFA/WSN。ATFA/WSN可对未来工作周期内的网络流量进行预估,并根据预估值实现对网络路由、占空比、能耗等的自适应控制。对采集的流量数据经过NS2仿真实验进行预估并和原始流量对比,发现该模型预估的流量和原始值偏差很小,将其应用于SMAC协议的自适应占空比控制,取得了较好的节能效果。     

TDMA自组网的QoS设计

QoS设计是一个复杂的问题,IETF针对有线网络提出实现QoS的2种标准模型;然而在无线自组网中,由于隐终端、显终端问题的存在和带宽限制问题,有线网络使用的QoS模型略显繁琐并使实现无线QoS较为困难。通过对TDMA方式自组网的分析,使用跨层合并方法设计一个QoS路由协议,并得到集成服务模型在无线自组网络的一个实现。通过仿真,验证此路由协议设计的正确性,同时分析此协议性能,结果表明该路由协议高效可行。     

宽带CDMA IP网中实现区分服务的QoS结构

3G CDMA网提供高速无线IP服务,其业务主要包括数据、语音互式多媒体。为了能保证这些异构业务的QoS,并提供业务区分,将有线IP网的分区服务（DIFFSERV）QoS模型引入3G CDMA网络。针对无线网络的终端移动性、高丢失率、更低的网络带宽等特点,对原有的DIFFSERV结构进行了修改,给出了基于DIFFSERV的无线QoS结构,并简单描述了实现协议。还给出了有效带宽的录入控制策略和资源预留策略来实现QoS。通过仿真,研究了各种策略的性能。     

Cross-Layer Design for QoS Support in Multihop Wireless Networks

Due to such features as low cost, ease of deployment, increased coverage, and enhanced capacity, multihop wireless networks such as ad hoc networks, mesh networks, and sensor networks that form the network in a self-organized manner without relying on fixed infrastructure is touted as the new frontier of wireless networking. Providing efficient quality of service (QoS) support is essential for such networks, as they need to deliver real-time services like video, audio, and voice over IP besides the traditional data service. Various solutions have been proposed to provide soft QoS over multihop wireless networks from different layers in the network protocol stack. However, the layered concept was primarily created for wired networks, and multihop wireless networks oppose strict layered design because of their dynamic nature, infrastructureless architecture, and time-varying unstable links and topology. The concept of cross-layer design is based on architecture where different layers can exchange information in order to improve the overall network performance. Promising results achieved by cross-layer optimizations initiated significant research activity in this area. This paper aims to review the present study on the cross-layer paradigm for QoS support in multihop wireless networks. Several examples of evolutionary and revolutionary cross-layer approaches are presented in detail. Realizing the new trends for wireless networking, such as cooperative communication and networking, opportunistic transmission, real system performance evaluation, etc., several open issues related to cross-layer design for QoS support over multihop wireless networks are also discussed in the paper.     

QoS‐aware cross‐domain collaborative energy‐saving mechanism for FiWi virtual networks

The fiber‐wireless (FiWi) access network is a very promising solution for next‐generation access networks. Because of the different protocols between its subnets, it is hard to globally optimize the operation of FiWi networks. Network virtualization technology is applied to FiWi networks to realize the coexistence of heterogeneous networks and centralized control of network resource. The existing virtual resource management methods always be designed to optimize virtual network (VN) request acceptance rate and survivability, but seldom consider energy consumption and varied requirements of quality of service (QoS) satisfaction, which is a hot and important topic in the industrial field. Therefore, this paper focuses on the QoS‐aware cross‐domain collaborative energy saving mechanism for FiWi virtual networks. First, the virtual network embedding (VNE) model, energy consumption model, and VNE profit model of FiWi networks are established. Then, a QoS‐aware in‐region VN embedding mechanism is proposed to guarantee service quality of different services. After that, an underlying resource updating mechanism based on energy efficiency awareness is designed to realize low‐load ONU and wireless routers co‐sleep in FiWi networks. Finally, a QoS‐aware re‐embedding mechanism is presented to allocate proper resource to the VNs affected by the sleeping mechanism. Especially for video VNs, a re‐embedding scheme which adopts traffic splitting and multipath route is introduced to meet resource limitation and low latency. Simulation results show that the proposed mechanism can reduce FiWi network's energy consumption, improve VNE profit, and ensure high embedding accepting rate and strict delay demand of high‐priority VNs.     

Adaptive Online Sensor Clustering and Routing Algorithms for QoS Provisioning and Energy Efficiency

Due to the limited energy supply, energy efficiency is the most important issue for wireless sensor networks. In addition, next generation networks are also expected to support QoS sensitive data services. In this paper, a new online sensor network management scheme is developed for energy efficiency and QoS provisioning. To satisfy these conflicting requirements, the proposed scheme consists of clustering and routing algorithms. Without global network information, the online control paradigm is realized in a distributed way. Therefore, the principle contributions of these algorithms are its scalability and responsiveness to current network situations. Simulation results indicate the superior performance of the proposed schemes, while other schemes cannot offer such an attractive performance balance.     

一种异构网络中基于聚集流的水平QoS映射方法

保证无线异构网络端到端QoS需求,同时兼容现有网络业务和未来需求,是下一代网络的一个研究热点。QoS映射是保证异构网络端到端QoS的有效方法。该文提出一种基于聚集流的QoS映射方法(QoS Mapping Technology based on Flow Aggregate, QMT-FA),该方法在现有物理网络上建立虚拟的流处理层,在流处理层,原网络中的QoS参数被映射执行器透明封装,映射执行器根据网络情况决定是原样转发还是解聚集。通过建立基于高维的聚集流映射空间,屏蔽了多级网络间映射累积误差影响终端网络QoS指标,保证了异构网络端到端QoS;基于聚集流的QoS映射方法具有较好的可扩展性和伸缩性,能应用于现有的各种异构网络系统和应用业务。最后,通过数值和仿真分析验证了该方法的有效性。     

一种基于蚁群优化的多媒体传感器网络 服务感知路由算法

本文针对多媒体传感器网络中三类基本服务:异常事件告警服务、信息查询服务以及流媒体查询服务,分析了不同服务的QoS需求,并抽象出多媒体传感器网络QoS路由模型.进而,利用改进的蚁群算法,设计了一个基于蚁群优化的服务感知路由算法ASAR (Ant-colony optimization based Service Aware Routing).本文设计服务感知的路由协议,旨在依据各类媒体数据包不同的QoS需求,选择相应的路由以合理利用全网资源、提高网络性能.最后,我们通过NS2仿真表明了较其他路由算法,本文提出的方法能够为多媒体传感器网络的多种服务提供更好的QoS保障,同时,比传统的蚁群算法具有更好的收敛性.     

基于多业务QoS服务的拓扑控制算法研究

随着无线网络技术的不断发展,无线Ad hoc网络中,快速变化的网络拓扑影响着网络的性能。因此,在实现网络能量优化的前提下,如何提供有效的QoS服务来满足多业务要求是无线Ad hoc网络所必须面对的问题。针对此问题,提出了一种基于多业务需求的拓扑控制的方法,该方法考虑业务QoS指标的同时引入跨层的设计思想,实现了跨层的功率控制,减少了网络中节点的能量消耗,延长了网络的生命周期。     

Managing end‐to‐end quality of service in multiple heterogeneous wireless networks

Supporting quality of service (QoS) in wireless networks has been a very rich and interesting area of research. Many significant advances have been made in supporting QoS in single wireless networks. However, the support for QoS across multiple heterogeneous wireless networks will be required in future wireless networks. In connections spanning multiple wireless networks, end‐to‐end QoS will depend on several factors such as mobility patterns, connection patterns, and the QoS policies in each of the networks. In this paper, we present an architecture for multiple heterogeneous wireless networks, several QoS schemes, a simulation model and several interesting results. The simulation model can evaluate the QoS performance under a variety of network configurations, user and mobility types, and network resources. Our results show that end‐to‐end QoS depends on several factors, including system utilization, mobility levels, and the individual QoS schemes implemented in individual networks. We also show how the QoS ideas presented in this paper can be used by wireless carriers for improved QoS support and management. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于ACS的无线传感器网络区分服务路由算法

针对无线传感器网络中数据传输的不同要求,将QoS分为3类,根据无线链路的特点提供区分服务。利用博弈论分析了数据传输在延迟、可靠性与网络能量开销之间的关系,基于改进的蚁群优化算法ACS(ant colony system),设计了区分服务路由算法ADSGR(ant colony system based differentiated service and game-theory routing),依据不同QoS要求,选择适当的路由,提高网络的整体性能和资源利用率。实验结果表明,与现有算法相比,该算法在数据传输的延迟、可靠性和能量开销上具有更好的性能。     

无线传感网络中基于蚁群的路由算法

In the wireless sensor networks, high efficient data routing for the limited energy resource networks is an important issue. By introducing Ant-colony algorithm, this paper proposes the wireless sensor network routing algorithm based on LEACH. During the construction of sensor network clusters, to avoid the node premature death because of the energy consumption, only the nodes whose residual energy is higher than the average energy can be chosen as the cluster heads. The method of repeated division is used to divide the clusters in sensor networks so that the numbers of the nodes in each cluster are balanced. The basic thought of ant-colony algorithm is adopted to realize the data routing between the cluster heads and sink nodes, and the maintenance of routing. The analysis and simulation showed that the proposed routing protocol not only can reduce the energy consumption, balance the energy consumption between nodes, but also prolong the network lifetime.     

基于蚁群优化的无线多媒体传感器网络区分服务路由

无线多媒体传感器网络中存在多种类型的数据,而且这些数据的服务质量需求并不相同。针对这种情况,提出一种基于蚁群优化的区分服务路由协议（DSACO, differentiated service and ant colony optimization based routing protocol）。DSACO在网络分层的基础上通过限制蚂蚁的搜索范围以减少建立路由的时间和能量消耗,对不同服务质量需求的数据采用区分服务路由以满足不同类型数据的服务质量需求。仿真结果表明,新协议能够为多媒体数据的传输提供更好的QoS保障,在数据传输的平均时延、分组丢失率和能量消耗上优于已有路由协议。