基于熵极大准则的非用户赋适应值交互式遗传算法

针对交互式遗传算法适应值人工赋值极易疲劳导致的算法进化代数不足、优化效率低下这一难题,提出了适应值非用户赋值方法.首先,用户对个体采用二元评价机制评价个体,将个体划分为满意集合和不满意集合;然后,根据个体评价时间与偏好的内在联系,通过个体评价时间确定评价满意度;最后,基于熵极大准则求解满意度最大条件下的个体适应值.为了确保优势基因遗传,加快算法收敛,采取种群精英基因构建优势个体保留策略.将该方法应用于装饰性墙壁纸选型系统中,并与其他代表性算法比较.结果表明,该方法能有效降低疲劳,提高算法优化效率.     

精英免疫克隆选择的协同进化粒子群算法

提出一种精英免疫克隆选择的协同进化粒子群算法（Elite immune clonal selection co-evolutionary particle swarm optimization,EICS-CPSO）.算法借鉴了协同进化思想和精英策略,基于精英种群与普通群体并行协同进化框架.高适应度的精英个体组成精英团体,运用自适应小波变异的免疫克隆选择算子对精英团体进行提升引导操作.普通种群间个体极值采用柯西交互学习机制提高微粒个体极值收敛性能;迁移操作进一步推进了整体信息共享与协同进化.实验结果表明该算法收敛精度快且全局搜索能力强,且具有较好的动态优化性能.实验分析表明该算法对参数不敏感,易于使用.     

基于种群混合协同联盟的属性量子博弈均衡约简

为进一步提高进化种群在粗糙集属性演化约简中寻求最优解的协同性能,提出了一种基于种群混合协同联盟的属性量子博弈均衡约简算法.该算法建立一种基于自适应多层进化树的种群协同演化联盟模型,以种群内个体竞争和种群间精英合作的混合协同机制实现各种群协同演化,较好地达到属性协同演化约简中广度寻优和深度探索的有效平衡;然后将信任裕度报酬机制引入到多种群精英量子协同博弈模型,种群精英在每个划分的属性子集中通过量子协同博弈策略均能求得各自最优约简子集,从而稳定取得Nash均衡下全局最优属性约简集.实验结果表明本文算法具有较高的属性演化约简效能和精度,对不完备电子病历系统中脑组织核磁共振成像MRI的高效约简与分割进一步展示其具有较强的实用性和鲁棒性.     

基于群体决策的多用户协同交互式遗传算法

采用交互式遗传算法求解大数据信息检索问题时,为实现偏好信息的提取和优化,单用户需完成较多数量的人-机交互操作,由此易产生用户疲劳、算法搜索效率低的难题。对此,该文在算法中引入多用户并行策略,通过群体决策优势,提高样本利用效率。首先,根据优化目标性质确定共性化协同或个性化协同类型,基于用户浏览行为计算用户相似度和个体相似度。然后,通过共享偏好相似用户的偏好相似个体预测个体区间适应值。基于个体表现型相似度聚类,提出大规模种群个体“区间数-区间数”适应值赋值策略。最后,依据子代种群个体与父代种群最优个体的相似性,推荐用户最佳评价个体。将所提方法应用于装饰性墙壁纸选型问题,并与已有典型方法比较。结果表明,所提方法在推荐个体质量、减轻用户疲劳、提高搜索效率等方面均具有优越性。     

非随机替代个体选择的代理模型评价策略

 代理模型评价策略是解决交互式遗传算法中人疲劳这一瓶颈问题的主要手段.每代中代理模型评价个体选择不同,将导致不同的算法性能,甚至算法不收敛.针对该问题,提出基于样本聚类的非随机替代个体选择策略.给出广义近似距离、类近似距离和中心近似距离三种判断个体所属类的距离度量.面向服装进化设计系统实例,仿真结果表明非随机选择比随机选择在统计意义上具有更好的稳定性,可以有效避免个体选择不良误导进化过程.     

微分进化算法的优化研究及其在聚类分析中的应用

为了使微分进化算法在进化过程中充分挖掘和利用历史数据信息,提高它的全局搜索能力和收敛速度,提出了一种基于主成分的微分进化算法PCADE。该算法将种群空间映射到主成分空间从而得到一个由主成分构成的种群空间,在进化过程中前m个主成分构成的个体可以直接进入下一代的进化,而剩余的N-m个个体则从原种群和主成分种群空间中选择出适应度值较高的个体进入下一代。实验结果表明改进算法在聚类分析中取得了较好的结果。     

人机交互的Copula和协同优化算法在分布估算中的应用

人机交互的Copula函数和协同优化理论相结合的算法能有效解决分布估计算法在优化变量强相关问题的过程中存在的效果差、模型估计时间长等问题.该方法首先将Copula函数作为各个边缘分布函数的连接函数来建立一个解分布的概率模型;然后产生种群的过程中人工的选择其他种群中的优良个体,替换本种群中较差的个体并采用协同优化的思想,在种群进化时充分考虑其他种群中的个体的影响,最大限度的保证向着最优进化的方向发展.将该方法应用在对3个相互独立的种群进化上,其实验参数反演结果表明,该算法不但增强了优化的效果,而且还有效的避免了早熟,加快了算法的收敛速度.同时也表明了人机交互的过程在解决较为复杂的实际问题中的有效性和可操作性.     

自适应引导进化遗传算法

该文提出一种自适应引导进化遗传算法。算法中采用佳点集方法产生初始种群,结合保留精英个体策略,对种群进行分割,各子种群并行交叉变异,且其中一个子种群为随机产生的。为提高算法收敛速度,分别对各子种群中较优个体进行优秀基因位统计,据此对其它个体采取一种自适应引导变异操作。通过将算法运行过程建模为有限齐次马氏链,证明了算法的全局收敛性和收敛快速性。实验结果表明,自适应引导进化遗传算法较其它的遗传算法在收敛速度和准确度上都有较大提高。     

基于多源交配选择策略的重组算子与多目标优化研究

本文提出了一种基于多源交配选择的多目标进化算法(Multi-source Mating Selection based Multi-objec-tive Evolutionary Algorithms,MMSEA).在MMSEA算法中,谱聚类被用来挖掘种群规则特性,基于所获得的种群结构化信息设计了一种多源交配选择重组算子来引导算法搜索,通过为每个个体设置多个交配选择源,在利用相似个体重组加速算法收敛的同时较好地保持了种群的多样性.实验结果表明,所提重组算子可以有效提升算法性能,将MMSEA与多种主流的多目标进化算法进行实验对比研究与参数灵敏度分析的结果表明,MMSEA在求解具有复杂特性的典型多目标优化问题测试集时表现出较强的竞争力.     

用于多目标进化的归一化排序 非支配集构造方法

 本文基于归一化思想,通过计算进化群体中个体多目标值的归一化和,提出了个体之间排序意义上的大于、等于关系,建立了进化群体中所有个体从大到小的全排序,同时给出了相关理论和证明.在此基础上,提出了多目标进化算法的非支配集构造方法,该方法使个体之间的比较次数有较大幅度地减少,加速了非支配集的构造速度.实验结果已经验证了本文提出的用归一化排序构造非支配集的方法效率提高显著.     

Curved crystal spectrometer for the measurement of X-ray lines from laser-produced plasmas

In order to diagnose the laser-produced plasmas, a focusing curved crystal spectrometer has been developed for measuring the X-ray lines radiated from a laser-produced plasmas. The design is based on the fact that the ray emitted from a source located at one focus of an ellipse will converge on the other focus by the reflection of the elliptical surface. The focal length and the eccentricity of the ellipse are 1350 mm and 0.9586, respectively. The spectrometer can be used to measure the X- ray lines in the wavelength range of 0.2-0.37 nm, and a LiF crystal （200） （2d = 0.4027 nm） is used as dispersive element covering Bragg angle from 30° to 67.5°. The spectrometer was tested on Shengnang- Ⅱ which can deliver laser energy of 60-80 J/pulse and the laser wavelength is 0.35 μm. Photographs of spectra including the 1 s2p ^1P1-1s^2 ^1S0 resonance line（w）, the 1s2p ^3P2-1s^2 1S0 magnetic quadrupole line（x）, the 1s2p ^3P1-1 s^2 ^1S0 intercombination lines（y）, the 1 s2p ^3S~1-1 s^2 ^1S0 forbidden line（z） in helium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅺ and the 1 s2s2p ^2P3/2-1 s622s ^2S1/2 line（q） in lithium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅹhave been recorded with a X-ray CCD camera. The experimental result shows that the wavelength resolution（λ/△ 2） is above 1000 and the elliptical crystal spectrometer is suitable for X-ray spectroscopy.     

Preparation and Characterization of TaN ALD Precursors

High purity organic-tantalum precursors for thin film ALD TaN were synthesized and characterized.Vapor pressure and thermal stability of these precursors were studied.From the vapor pressure analysis,it was found that TBTEMT has a higher vapor pressure than any other published liquid TaN precursor,including TBTDET,TAITMATA,and IPTDET.Thermal stability of the alkyl groups on the precursors was investigated using a 1H NMR technique.The results indicated that the tertbutylimino group is the most stable group on TBTDET and TBTEMT as compared to the dialkylamido groups.Thermal stability of TaN precursors decreased in the following order:TBTDET ＞ PDMAT ＞ TBTEMT.In conclusion,precursor vapor pressure and thermal stability were tuned by making slight variations in the ligand sphere around the metal center.     

Electronic Structure of Semiconductor Nanocrystals

This paper reviews our recent development of the use of the large-scale pseudopotential method to calculate the electronic structure of semiconductor nanocrystals, such as quantum dots and wires, which often contain tens of thousands of atoms. The calculated size-dependent exciton energies and absorption spectra of quantum dots and wires are in good agreement with experiments. We show that the electronic structure of a nanocrystal can be tuned not only by its size,but also by its shape. Finally,we show that defect properties in quantum dots can be significantly different from those in bulk semiconductors.     

Critical Stage Rule-Based Real Time Dispatch（RTD）System in Highly-Mixed-Products （HMP） FAB

An improving utilization and efficiency of critical equipments in semiconductor wafer fabrication facilities are concerned. Semiconductor manufacturing FAB is one of the most complicated and cost sensitive environments. A good dispatching tool will make big difference in equipment utilization and FAB output as a whole. The equipment in this paper is In-Line DUV Scanner. There are many factors impacting utilization and output on this equipment group. In HMP environment one of the issues is changing of reticule in this area and idle counts due to load unbalance between equipments. Here we'll introduce a rule-based RTD system which aiming at decreasing the number of recipe change and idle counts among a group of scanner equipment in a high-mixed-products FAB.     

GaAsSb/InAlAs PA DHBTs Grown by Production MBE

The epi material growth of GaAsSb based DHBTs with InAlAs emitters are investigated using a 4 × 100mm multi-wafer production Riber 49 MBE reactor fully equipped with real-time in-situ sensors including an absorption band edge spectroscope and an optical-based flux monitor. The state-of-the-art hole mobilities are obtained from 100nm thick carbon-doped GaAsSb. A Sb composition variation of less than ± 0.1 atomic percent across a 4 × 100mm platen configuration has been achieved. The large area InAlAs/GaAsSb/InP DHBT device demonstrates excellent DC characteristics,such as BVCEO＞6V and a DC current gain of 45 at 1kA/cm2 for an emitter size of 50μm × 50μm. The devices have a 40nm thick GaAsSb base with p-doping of 4. 5 × 1019cm-3 . Devices with an emitter size of 4μm × 30μm have a current gain variation less than 2% across the fully processed 100mm wafer. ft and fmax are over 50GHz,with a power efficiency of 50% ,which are comparable to standard power GaAs HBT results. These results demonstrate the potential application of GaAsSb/InP DHBT for power amplifiers and the feasibility of multi-wafer MBE for mass production of GaAsSb-based HBTs.     

Influence of polarization extinction ratio on distributed polarization coupling detection

Distributed polarization coupling in polarization-maintaining fibers can be detected by using a white light Michelson interferometer. This technique usually requires that only one polarization mode is excited. However, in practical measurement, the injection polarization direction could not be exactly aligned to one of the principal axes of the PMF, so the influence of the polarization extinction ratio should be considered. Based on the polarization coupling theory, the influence of the incident polarization extinction on the measurement result is evaluated and analyzed, and a method for distributed polarization coupling detection is developed when both two orthogonal eigenmodes are excited.     

Noise character analysis and the restraint of self-pulsation laser diodes

We calculate the Langevin noise sources of self-pulsation laser diodes, analyze the effects of active region noise and saturable-absorption region noise on the power fluctuation as well as period fluctuation, and propose a novel method to restrain the noise effects. A visible SIMULINK model is established to simulate the system, The results indicate that the effects of noise in absorption region can be ignored; that with the increase of DC injecting current, the noise effects enhance power jitter, and nevertheless, the period jitter is decreased; and that with external sinusoidal current modulating the self-pulsation laser diode, the noise-induced power jitter and period jitter can be suppressed greatly. This work is valuable for clock recovery in all-optical network.     

High-quality single-crystal CdSe nanoribbons and their optical properties

Large-scale synthesis of single-crystal CdSe nanoribbons is achieved by a modified thermal evaporation method, in which two-step-thermal-evaporation is used to control CdSe sources＇ evaporation. The synthesized CdSe nanoribbons are usually several micrometers in width, 50 nm in thickness, and tens to several hundred micrometers in length. Studies have shown that high-quality CdSe nanoribbons with regular shapes can be obtained by this method. Room-temperature photolumines-cence indicates that the lasing emission at 710 nm has been observed under optical pumping （266 nm） at power densities of 25-153 kW/cm^2. The full width half maximum （FWHM） of the lasing mode is 0.67 nm     

Propagation of hermite-cosh-gaussian beams passing through ABCD optical system with an annular aperture

By using the expansion of the aperture function into a finte sum of complex Gaussian functions, the corresponding analytical expressions of Hermite-cosh-Gaussian beams passing through annular apertured paraxially and symmetrically optical systems written in terms of ABCD matrix were derived, and they could reduce to the cases with squared aperture. In a similar way, the corresponding analytical expressions of cosh-Gaussian beams through annular apertured ABCD matrix were also given. The method could save more calculation time than that by using the diffraction integral formula directly.     

中国建立EB级存储实验室,致力云计算应用(英文)

正With the support of 863 programs,Sugon Information Industry Co.,Ltd.,set up a dawning EB-class storage laboratory to address massive data storage requirements and largescale cloud computing demonstration applications.The Dawning EB-class cloud storage system adopts advanced fault-tolerant architecture,efficient data fault-tolerant algorithms with user authentication and data encryption policies to deal with the"lost""wrong"and"stolen"problems of data for ensuring the reliability and safety of the EB-class storage system in the public network application environments.The Dawning EB-class Storage Laboratory taking advan-