高性能嵌入式UART IP核的设计

利用有限状态自动机理论[1]进行了可嵌入式UART的设计.支持AMBA 2.0 APB总线接口.采用了改进的异步FIFO,在提高传输速率的同时能够更加准确的判断出FIFO的空满状态.提出了一种新的小数分频的处理方法,操作简单,便于实现.设计通过了FPGA的仿真验证.嵌入到单板系统中,在UART时钟为12.5 M的情况下,实现了与ARM PSK系统中的UART以230 k以内的任意波特率的数据传输.试验结果证明了本设计的可行性.     

SoC系统中AHB/VCI Wrapper的设计及验证

文章描述SoC平台的片内总线到VCI标准接口的转换部件的设计实现.它可以把带有VCI标准接口的IP模块和AMBA AHB系统总线连接起来.研究内容主要包括两部分:第一,在VCI标准Rev2.0版本的基础上,参照BVCI协议要求完成一个AMBA AHB系统总线与VCI标准接口的转换部件-AHB/VCI Wrapper;第二,利用总线功能模型(BFM)思想,为AMBA总线和BVCI接口建立相应的BFM模型,在此基础上,完成对AMBA总线控制部件和AHB/VCI Wrapper的功能验证.该平台具有很好的可重用性.     

多核共享存储控制器中AMBA-AHB总线接口的设计

在基于IP复用的SOC设计中,片上总线作为SOC系统集成的互连结构,负责各种移植IP之间的正常通信.片上总线作为各设计模块通信的桥梁,成为了SOC设计中的关键问题.基于AMBA Rev2.0 AHB-Lite 总线协议,通过在存储控制器与AHB总线之间设计AMBA接口,实现系统专用网络据数处理引擎PE与嵌入式通用处理器...     

AMBA总线及其应用

介绍了AMBA总线,并且使用ModelSim仿真软件对一个应用AMAB总线的设计进行了仿真,验证了设计与AMBA总线的兼容性.AMBA总线可以提供一个具有多个主单元,支持宽带宽高性能的系统.今后,AMBA总线必将在越来越多的SoC设计中得到应用.     

一种面向Microsoft Windows的AMBA设备PCI虚拟化机制

PKUnity-86是基于x86处理器和AMBA开放总线架构的系统芯片,既能快速集成各种标准IP核,又支持Microsoft Windows和x86应用程序.如何使AMBA设备支持工业标准的PCI设备枚举和访问,是支持Microsoft Windows 的首要问题.本文提出一种硬件VPCI机制,通过为AMBA设备实现虚...     

SOC技术与发展预测

随着集成电路的高速发展,SOC(System on Chip)技术已经成为当今的重要发展方向。总线的选择对于SOC来讲至关重要,通过对当今比较标准的coreconnect总线,AMBA总线,Wishbone总线以及OCP总线之间的比较,了解总线的特征。随着SOC集成度的增加,性能的提高,测试技术变的至关重要,重点介绍三种测试技术——基于扫描测试,边界扫描测试以及内建自测试技术。验证是SOC中最重要的环节,通过对验证方法的说明,预测今后SOC的发展方向。     

基于AMBA APB总线NandFlash控制器的设计研究

介绍了基于AMBA APB总线NandFlash控制器的设计,首先简单介绍了NandFlash的一些特点,然后详细介绍了NandFlash控制器的整体框架、具体功能及其内部的数据通路。该控制器通过ModelSim进行了仿真及FPGA板级验证,验证结果表明能够满足NandFlash时序要求。     

基于3G SIM卡SoC芯片设计的AMBA总线的精简策略

AMBA总线是SoC设计中普遍采用的总线架构,它对许多具体的设计项目往往显得过于庞大,结合3G SIM卡SoC芯片的设计,研究了AMBA总线架构的若干精简策略,提出了一些对总线进行裁剪的参考方法,经过AHB VIP验证环境表明结果可行.该方法对基于AMBA架构的SoC芯片设计有着一定的参考意义.     

HDTV SoC集成芯片的总线设计与验证

文章提出了一种适合于HDTV SoC的AMBA总线设计方案,并对整个架构进行了详细的验证;实践证明,AMBA总线非常适用于HDTV SoC系统;与用硬件描述语言构建的测试平台相比,软硬件协同的验证方法不但有更高的仿真覆盖率,而且更加高效省时.     

Performance Analysis for MPEG‐4 Video Codec Based on On‐Chip Network

In this paper, we present a performance analysis for an MPEG‐4 video codec based on the on‐chip network communication architecture. The existing on‐chip buses of system‐on‐a‐chip (SoC) have some limitation on data traffic bandwidth since a large number of silicon IPs share the bus. An on‐chip network is introduced to solve the problem of on‐chip buses, in which the concept of a computer network is applied to the communication architecture of SoC. We compared the performance of the MPEG‐4 video codec based on the on‐chip network and Advanced Micro‐controller Bus Architecture (AMBA) on‐chip bus. Experimental results show that the performance of the MPEG‐4 video codec based on the on‐chip network is improved over 50% compared to the design based on a multi‐layer AMBA bus.     

Introspection mechanisms for runtime verification in a system-level design environment

A new generation of computer-aided design (CAD) tools is mandatory to cope with the growing complexity of System-On-Chip. We believe that they should be built on top of a modern and standard framework. ESys.NET is a design environment based on the .NET Framework. It takes advantage of advanced programming features which facilitates the integration of external tools. This paper presents a runtime verification tool for ESys.NET. Introspection ability is emphasized together with its capabilities to cooperate with third party tools. Introspection is used to retrieve the state of the model during simulation and to check a set of user defined properties. Neither the model nor the simulator is modified by the verification process. Experimentations on an AMBA bus model highlight the effectiveness of this approach.     

SoC interconnection protection through formal verification

The wide adoption of third-party hardware Intellectual Property (IP) cores including those from untrusted vendors have raised security concerns for system designers and end-users. Existing approaches to ensure the trustworthiness of individual IPs rarely consider the entire SoC design, especially the IP interactions through SoC bus. These methods can hardly identify malicious logic (or design flaws) distributed in multiple IPs whereas individual IPs fulfill security properties and can pass the security testing/verification. One possible solution is to treat the SoC as one IP core and try to verify security properties of the entire design. This method, however, suffers from scalability issues due to the large size of SoC designs with multiple IP cores integrated. In this paper, we present a scalable SoC bus verification framework trying to verify the security properties of SoC bus implementation where the bus protocol plays the role of the golden reference. More specifically, finite state machine (FSM) models will be constructed from the bus implementation and the trustworthiness will be verified based on the property set derived from the bus protocol and potential security threats. Along with IP level formal verification solutions, the proposed framework can help ensure the security of large-scale SoCs. Experimental results on ARM AMBA Bus demonstrate that our approach is applicable and scalable to prevent information leakage and denial-of-service (DoS) attack by verifying security properties.     

基于8086 CPU的单芯片计算机系统的设计

本文依据集成电路设计方法学,探讨了一种基于标准Intel 8086微处理器的单芯片计算机平台的架构。研究了其与SDRAM,8255并行接口等外围IP的集成,并在对AMBA协议和8086 CPU分析的基础上,采用遵从AMBA传输协议的系统总线代替传统的8086 CPU三总线结构,搭建了基于8086 IP软核的单芯片计算机系统,并实现了FPGA功能演示。     

一种兼容AMBA总线的实时高效静态存储管理IP的设计与实现

设计了一种兼容AMBA2.0AHB总线的实时高效存储管理IP——静态存储管理IP.与虚拟存储管理技术相比,IP可以为实时系统芯片的高实时性提供良好的保障,它完成一次存储器访问最多需要2个时钟延时,最少可以达到0延时传输.同时它具有结构简单、可支持8个64M的静态存储器、可编程控制以及进行不同数据宽度的Burst传输等特点.设计采用结构完全并行、时序完全同步的状态机设计思想,采用SIMC.18工艺进行流片,系统芯片整体面积为5mm×3.5mm,测试结果与设计目标基本一致.     

AHB总线分析及从模块设计

AMBA总线结构广泛应用于片上系统设计中,其中AHB总线用于系统中高性能、高时钟速率模块间通信。AHB总线接口设计技术是片上系统设计的基本技术。AHB总线接口设计划分为主控模块接口设计及从模块接口设计。在详细论述AHB总线工作原理后,重点介绍了SRAM从模块AHB接口设计,包括SRAM读写控制信号的时序要求,传输操作时插入等待状态的方法,以及响应信号的产生。     

基于AMBA总线的相控阵雷达波控SoC设计

针对相控阵雷达波控系统高速、小型化、集成化的发展趋势,提出了一种基于ARM核和先进微控制器总线架构的波控片上系统方案,对主要组成模块的设计和验证方法进行了详细描述。验证结果表明,波控片上系统结合了硬件运算模块高速和软件设计灵活的特点,可满足各种相控阵雷达不同工作方式的需求。     

一种基于AMBA总线的 NAND FLASH控制接口电路设计

NAND FLASH采用8根I／O信号线复杂的传送控制、地址和数据信息,其控制逻辑需要专门设计。该接口设计基于ARM 7TDMI核,AMBA AHB总线结构,支持1bit ECC校验和位宽转换。接口设计中的状态机由命令字发送状态组完成对NAND FLASH命令字发送,地址发送状态组完成写地址发送,读状态组完成读操作,写状态组完成写操作。该设计已通过仿真和芯片验证测试,功能符合NAND FLASH操作规范。     

基于AMBA总线的UART IP核开发及研究

设计了基于AMBA总线的UART IP核,给出IP核模块结构及作用,分析APB从模块接口时序以及与外部设备通信的过程,结合波形图阐述发射和接收的基本原理,利用Verilog硬件描述语言完成了RTL代码设计与验证,并给出了主要模块ModelSim仿真的波形图。     

Cohesive Coverage Management: Simulation Meets Formal Methods

It has been advocated by many experts in design verification that the key to successful verification convergence lies in developing the verification plan with adequate formal rigor. Traditionally, the verification plans for simulation and formal property verification (FPV) are developed in different ways, using different formalisms, and with different coverage goals. In this paper, we propose a framework where the difference between formal properties and simulation test points is diluted by using methods for translating one form of the specification to the other. This allows us to reuse simulation coverage to facilitate formal verification and to reuse proven formal properties to cover simulation test points. We also propose the use of inline assertions in procedural (possibly randomized) test benches, and show that it facilitates the use of hybrid verification techniques between simulation and bounded model checking. We propose the use of promising combinations of formal methods presented in our earlier papers to shape a hierarchical verification flow where simulation and formal methods aim to cover a common design intent specification. The proposed flow is demonstrated using a detailed case study of the ARM AMBA verification benchmark. We believe that the methods presented in this work will stimulate new thought processes and ultimately lead to wider adoption of cohesive coverage management techniques in the design intent validation flow.     

一种基ARM7的无线局域网 MAC片上系统架构

提出了一种ARM7TDMI核和先进微控制器总线架构的无线局域网MAC控制器片上系统方案,对各个组成模块进行了详细描述,并从设计复杂度、功耗、性能等方面对其该方案和其他方案进行了分析和比较.