一种改进的自适应分数阶积分图像去噪算法

为了改善图像去噪的效果,提出一种基于分数阶积分和中值滤波的改进自适应图像去噪算法,首先利用自适应中值滤波算法(Ranked-order Based Adaptive Median Filter,RAMF)中的噪声判别条件来检测噪声点,然后利用"噪声边缘"判别函数对其中的可疑噪声点进行二次检测,同时根据图像的局部统计信息和结构特征构造自适应的分数阶阶次,最后将检测出的噪声点进行自适应的分数阶积分滤波去噪。与传统的分数阶积分去噪算法相比,该自适应算法有效地保留了被错误误去除的图像边缘点,并且实现了分数阶积分的阶次自适应化,在去除噪声的同时很好地保留了图像的边缘及纹理细节信息。     

各向异性滤波在红外图像处理中的应用

为了在抑制噪声时尽可能保留图像边缘信息,提出一种自适应各向异性高斯滤波器设计方法．该方法由独立强度传播(IDS)模型决定滤波器的长轴尺度,由像素的邻域平滑度决定长短轴的比例,然后根据该处的灰度梯度方向自适应决定各向异性滤波器的长轴方向．仿真实验表明,提出的自适应各向异性滤波器具有很强的噪声抑制和边缘保持能力．     

分数阶微分在图像纹理增强中的应用

为了实现对模糊图像边缘及纹理的增强,使图像的细节信息更加清晰,需要对图像进行锐化增强。现有的增强方法一般是整数阶微分锐化及高通滤波,由于这些方法的处理效果仍不理想,文中引入了分数阶微分算子。分数阶微分不仅可以很好地增强图像的边缘和纹理信息,还可以保留平滑区域信息,抑制较大噪声。研究并分析了Tiansi分数阶微分算子的原理及特点,并对其进行了改进,提出了一种新的分数阶微分算子,可以更好地增强图像的边缘和纹理信息,同时保证图像的亮度不产生大幅度变化,而且可以抑制较小噪声的影响。从定量的角度分析,改进的分数阶微分算子的平均梯度最大可比原图像提高3.8倍。从而验证了改进的分数阶微分算子比整数阶微分算子如Laplace算子及Tiansi分数阶微分算子具有优越性,且算法简单易于实现,可应用于工程中的实时图像处理系统中。     

基于分数阶微分和高斯曲率滤波的遥感图像增强

遥感图像的复杂性、模糊性、噪声强等特点,严重影响了图像的质量。为改善图像质量,提出一种结合分数阶微分和高斯曲率滤波的图像增强算法。通过分数阶微分提升图像的高频成分、增强图像的中频成分以及非线性保留甚低频成分,获得图像边缘明显突出、纹理更加清晰的遥感图像;后引入高斯曲率滤波在分数阶微分增强图像过程中进行平滑,解决遥感图像本身噪声强以及分数阶微分增强过程中带来的噪声放大和扩散问题。多组对比实验表面,算法可以增强遥感图像的细节信息,有效的抑制噪声。     

多尺度H参数纹理特征的子带算法

扩展的自相似模型(ESS)是一种广义的分数布朗运动模型(fBm),它的多尺度H参数与粗糙度之间是对应的,因为不要求粗糙度的尺度不变性,所以能够区分大多数自然纹理.它的结构函数计算是基于图像在一定尺度上的灰度差,这可以用小波变换低频分量的一阶差分去定义.由于小波变换具有抑制噪声的能力,由此导出的特征具有更好的抗噪性能.实验证明对卫星遥感图像达到了较高的分类正确率.同时也说明,纹理的自相似特性在低频分量上的体现更突出.     

结合分数阶微分及Retinex的NSCT自适应低照度图像增强

针对低照度图像存在亮度低、对比度低、边缘模糊等问题,首先将低照度图像NSCT多尺度分解,获得低频子带图像和高频子带系数;接着将低频图像采用多尺度Retinex提升图像亮度,借助非线性的双边滤波函数估计其照度分量,利用Gamma校正函数对照度分量进行校正,提高图像的动态范围,利用影响因子校正反射分量,丰富其层次性,对图像的整体轮廓进行增强;然后将高频部分用Bayes阈值隔离噪声,利用自适应分数阶微分对图像的边缘、纹理等细节进行增强;最后对处理后的图像进行NSCT重构。实验结果表明,本文算法的对比度、清晰度及信息熵与现有增强方法相比,平均提高了10.7%、9.8%、2.3%。增强后的图像在细节、边缘保持等方面也优于现有算法,改善了图像整体的视觉效果。     

一种基于复小波域的SAR图像相干斑抑制算法

相干斑噪声是SAR图像的固有特性.对相干斑噪声的抑制应在滤除噪声的同时尽量保留原图像的细节信息.本文针对SAR图像相干斑噪声的统计特性,将高斯混合尺度模型(GSM)引入二元树复小波(DTCWT)变换域,构造基于复小波域分解系数的邻域模型,将其相邻尺度邻域视为高斯变量和一个尺度因子的乘积,并利用Bayes最小均方估计进行局部去噪.对仿真图像和真实SAR图像的实验表明,本文方法有效去除斑点噪声,且较好的保持了图像边缘等细节信息.与传统的空域滤波和小波等方法相比,该方法改善了噪声平滑和边缘保持等性能,并取得了满意的视觉效果.     

基于自适应窗口的SAR图像相干斑抑制

研究了一种新颖的斑点噪声抑制自适应窗口算法，解决了局域统计自适应滤波器的窗口大小问题。在这种算法中，窗口大小根据区域特征自动调整，在保持细节的同时尽最大可能地抑制斑点噪声。在均匀区域，随着窗口大小的增大，斑点噪声抑制变得更强；在细节区域，不断减小窗口大小，从而保持了边缘和纹理。通过应用于实测SAR图像，该自适应算法与固定窗口滤波方案相比有良好的性能。     

建立新型边缘泄露补偿机制的四阶方程图像平滑方法

针对传统的四阶偏微分方程(四阶方程)降噪算法容易造成图像边缘泄露的问题,本文提出了一种基于边缘检测理论的泄露修补算法.该算法首先用非线性的双边滤波器对噪声图像进行预处理,得到边缘结构较好的预处理图像,然后基于梯度算子具有检测图像边缘特征的特点,提出将结果图像和预处理图像二者梯度差值的二范数平方作为边缘保持约束项,并将其加入到四阶方程算法的能量泛函中.另外,基于图像局部方差构造了自适应的拉格朗日乘子,从而实现对边缘保持约束项的自适应调整,以提高其边缘保持性能.实验测试结果表明,本文算法不仅继承了传统四阶算法具有的优点,而且增强了对边缘结构的保持能力.     

基于分数阶微分的图像边缘细节检测与提取

图像边缘细节包含重要的视觉感知信息,是进一步进行图像理解与场景感知的基础.针对常用的边缘梯度检测方法难以有效提取类似于分形纹理结构的复杂图像边缘问题,提出一种基于分数阶微分的图像边缘检测方法.该方法首先基于分数阶微分的性质进行图像拐点检测,并进一步结合拉格朗日多项式插值和Grumwald-Letnikov(G-L)分数阶微分的定义,推导出具有非整数步长像素信息的图像边缘检测算子.实验表明,该方法能有效提取图像中的边缘细节(拐点)特征.对被噪声严重污染的具有复杂边缘细节的图像,该算子同样具有较好的边缘细节检测能力,获得更好的视觉效果.     

Speckle filtering of SAR images based on adaptive windowing

Speckle noise usually occurs in synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images owing to coherent processing of SAR data. The most well-known image domain speckle filters are the adaptive filters using local statistics such as the mean and standard deviation. The local statistics filters adapt the filter coefficients based on data within a fixed running window. In these schemes, depending on the window size, there exists trade-off between the extent of speckle noise suppression and the capability of preserving fine details. The authors propose a new adaptive windowing algorithm for speckle noise suppression which solves the problem of window size associated with the local statistics adaptive filters. In the algorithm, the window size is automatically adjusted depending on regional characteristics to suppress speckle noise as much as possible while preserving fine details. Speckle noise suppression gets stronger in homogeneous regions as the window size increases succeedingly. In fine detail regions, by reducing the window size successively, edges and textures are preserved. The fixed-window filtering schemes and the proposed one are applied to both a simulated SAR image and an ERS-1 SAR image to demonstrate the excellent performance of the proposed adaptive windowing algorithm for speckle noise     

自适应SAR图像边缘检测算法

边缘检测是图像分析的基础,在对SAR图像进行边缘检测时,由于SAR图像存在很强的相干乘性斑点噪声,几乎没有一种方法既能有效地检测边缘又能排除斑点噪声的影响而不产生较多的虚假边缘,特别是在低视数SAR的情况下,该文指出了在低视数情况下应当如何对Touzi ratio边缘检测方法和最大似然(ML)边缘方法的检测窗口进行改进,在对SAR图像进行边缘检测时,引入了自适应窗口的方法,并将其应用到Touzi ratio边缘检测和最大似然 (ML)两个恒虚警边缘检测算法中,取得了很好的改进效果,引入自适应窗口的方法也适用于其它的SAR图像边缘检测算法。     

Adaptive enhancement of compressed SAR images

Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imagery is an important global all-weather surveillance and mapping satellite imagery system. As space-borne systems have a limited storage capacity, it is imperative to heavily compress SAR images, possible with lossy compression schemes. As a result, SAR images need to be enhanced in earth stations. The work reported in this paper aims to address the issue of compression artefact removal of SAR images in an adaptive manner. The SAR images, compressed using the JPEG utility at significantly low bit rates, are enhanced by adaptively removing coding artefacts and speckle noise. As edges carry significant information in satellite imagery, a significant edge image is used for edge enhancement with selective removal of noisy edges. Further, an image sharpness metric is proposed in this work to serve as an objective no-reference metric for measuring the sharpness of SAR images.     

Image decomposition using adaptive second-order total generalized variation

This paper proposes a new model for image decomposition which separates an image into a cartoon, consisting only of geometric objects, and an oscillatory component, consisting of textures or noise. The proposed model is given in a variational formulation with adaptive second-order total generalized variation (TGV). The adaptive behavior preserves the key features such as object boundaries and textures while avoiding staircasing effect. To speed up the computation, the split Bregman method is used to solve the proposed model. Experimental results and comparisons demonstrate the proposed model is more effective for image decomposition than the methods of the state-of-the-art image decomposition models.     

Adaptive bilateral filter for sharpness enhancement and noise removal.

In this paper, we present the adaptive bilateral filter (ABF) for sharpness enhancement and noise removal. The ABF sharpens an image by increasing the slope of the edges without producing overshoot or undershoot. It is an approach to sharpness enhancement that is fundamentally different from the unsharp mask (USM). This new approach to slope restoration also differs significantly from previous slope restoration algorithms in that the ABF does not involve detection of edges or their orientation, or extraction of edge profiles. In the ABF, the edge slope is enhanced by transforming the histogram via a range filter with adaptive offset and width. The ABF is able to smooth the noise, while enhancing edges and textures in the image. The parameters of the ABF are optimized with a training procedure. ABF restored images are significantly sharper than those restored by the bilateral filter. Compared with an USM based sharpening method-the optimal unsharp mask (OUM), ABF restored edges are as sharp as those rendered by the OUM, but without the halo artifacts that appear in the OUM restored image. In terms of noise removal, ABF also outperforms the bilateral filter and the OUM. We demonstrate that ABF works well for both natural images and text images.     

自适应调节滤波强度的SAR图像非局部平均抑斑算法

为提升对SAR图像乘性相干斑的抑制水平与边缘保护性能,该文提出了一种可自适应调节滤波强度(AFS)的SAR图像非局部平均(NLM)抑斑新算法(AFS-NLM)。该算法利用Frost滤波图像计算的局部均值与方差来改善SAR图像场景参量的估计,形成了一种能更好刻画SAR图像同质区与边缘区的改进Kuan滤波系数。利用局部均值比与改进Kuan滤波系数分别作为新的相似性测量参量与自适应衰减因子,构建了一种更适应SAR图像乘性噪声特性的改进NLM滤波。利用偏平滑参数与偏边缘保护参数控制下的改进NLM滤波,分别替代经典Kuan滤波模型中的像素局部均值与自身灰度值作为加权项,并采用由改进Kuan滤波系数构建的自适应调节因子对二者进行加权平均,从而形成了一种可自适应调节滤波强度的加权滤波新模型。实验表明,该文算法与近期多种先进算法相比,具有更好的相干斑抑制与边缘保护性能。     

基于几何模型的SAR图像斑点噪声的抑制

斑点噪声的抑制一直是合成孔径雷达(SAR)图像处理的重要研究课题。本文利用几何模型对合成孔径雷达图像进行滤波。通过对几何模型除噪性能进行分析,提出了一个数值计算的改进格式。新的迭代格式能较好地保留图像的边缘、尖点和细节信息。最后对合成孔径雷达图像进行去噪实验,与小波阈值除噪、Lee滤波进行比较具有更好的滤波效果。     

基于正则化变分模型的SAR图像增强方法

讨论合成孔径雷达（SAR）图像的噪声抑制与分辨率增强问题.建立偏微分方程抑噪方法与正则化点增强方法相结合的正则化变分模型,该模型同时具有偏微分方程模型的抑噪优势和正则化模型的分辨率增强优势.在图像的背景区域采用偏微分方程模型进行噪声抑制,而在图像的目标区域,先采用后向扩散方程进行锐化,然后再采用正则化模型进行分辨率增强,使整幅图像的处理结果均得到优化.此外,在偏微分方程抑噪模型的构造上,结合SAR成像的工程背景,提出了基于SAR图像幅度信息的前向-后向扩散方程,使方程能有效抑制图像背景区域的噪声并锐化目标边缘.大量的试验结果表明该方法能有效增强目标的强散射点,显著抑制噪杂波区的噪声.     

SAR图像目标综合检测方法

基于SAR(合成孔径雷达)图像杂波结构,结合小波变换和自适应维纳滤波提出了一种新的抑制SAR图像相干斑噪声方法,该方法能够较好保留杂波边缘和点目标.分析了抑制SAR图像相干斑噪声后的多分布特性,研究了相应的SAR目标检测,提出了一种新的SAR图像目标检测方法及其实现.实际SAR图像测试结果表明了本文方法的有效性.     

A restoration algorithm for images contaminated by mixed Gaussian plus random-valued impulse noise

In this paper, we study the problem of restoring the image corrupted by additive Gaussian noise plus random-valued impulse noise. A novel noise classifier is firstly created to identify different noise in the corrupted image. Then, we use the remaining effective information to train an adaptive overcomplete dictionary for sparse representation of image patches with the help of masked K-SVD algorithm. Because of the adaptive nature of the learned dictionary, it can represent the image patches in concern more efficiently. Then, we minimize a variational model containing an optional data-fidelity term and a smooth regularization term respecting sparse representation of every image patch to get the final restored image. Extensive experimental results prove that our method cannot only remove noise from the corrupted image well, but also preserve more details and textures. It surpasses some state-of-the-art methods.