基于跨层设计的AODV路由优化机制

以AODV(无线自组网按需平面距离矢量路由)协议为原型,针对WMN(无线Mesh网)中传统AODV协议路由判据单一从而导致路由性能较差的缺陷,采用跨层设计方法为WMN设计了一种新的IAODV(优化的AODV)协议。在路由计算过程中通过跨层操作机制提取节点当前负载和链路投递率这两个影响链路质量的因素,结合路由跳数设计出合理的路由判决函数。理论分析和NS2仿真结果证明,这种路由优化机制提高了吞吐量,降低了网络时延,并且能够达到负载均衡的路由效果。     

一种无线短波自组网QoS源路由协议

针对无线短波自组网传输信道的特殊性,通过分析链路质量和节点业务负载对路由性能的影响,提出了一种基于路径质量和网络负载均衡的QoS源路由协议,它将链路质量、跳数及中间节点的负载信息作为最优路径选择标准。详细阐述了该路由协议的工作机制,并给出了具体的代价函数计算公式。分析结果表明,该路由协议的确可以提高无线短波自组网的路由性能,能够满足短波自组网的特殊要求。     

线状WSN中基于概率分流的负载均衡路由协议

针对线状无线传感器网络中节点能量消耗不均衡现象,本文提出基于概率分流的负载均衡路由协议,以一定规则建立多条路由路径,通过使负载较轻路径上的节点以一定概率分担负载较重路径上节点的数据传输任务,均衡网络中各个节点的负载。仿真结果表明,本协议能有效地改善各个节点能量消耗的均衡性,延长网络生存时间。     

基于能量感知的Ad Hoc路由算法研究

针对移动adhoc网络终端能量资源受限对全网路由的影响,提出一种具有终端节点能量感知的路由协议(EARP,energy-awareroutingprotocol).该协议能够根据单个节点能量的使用情况以及全路径的能量消耗情况选择不同的传输路径,在路径断裂时,增加本地维护策略,有效减少了由此引起的发包重传情况,提高了路由效率.通过节点能级的设定,防止链路传输过程中由于能量耗尽而导致的路由断裂情况.经过NS2仿真实验与其他相关路由协议进行比较,结果表明在相同的实验环境下,该路由协议能够有效均衡负载,保护低能量节点,延长网络生存时间     

基于 WCETT 的多信道 WMN 路由量度的研究

多信道无线 Mesh 网络可以有效解决在多跳无线网络中容量下降的问题。然而现有的路由协议大部分为单信道的多跳无线网络所设计,对于多信道 WMN 而言,会导致无效的路由路径。分析了现有无线 Mesh 网络的路由算法,详细讨论了基于 WCETT (Weighted Cumulative Expected Transmission Time)的两种路由度量,在此基础上提出了一种新的路由量度 WCETTR-LB,其对链路信道干扰的估算更加精确,能够感知周围链路对本信道的潜在干扰,并且考虑了节点负载度的概念,更加有助于实现负载均衡。     

移动自组织网络环境中负载均衡策略研究

针对移动自组织网络中负载分布不均所导致的网络性能恶化问题,提出了一种基于分组转发行为不确定度量的网络负载计算方法,并以此为基础提出了负载均衡按需路由协议,通过监测分组转发过程中的行为变化特征,采用信息熵的形式对其进行量化和度量,并在路由发现过程中利用节点负载监测信息合理规避网络热点区域,以达到网络负载均衡分布的目的。仿真结果表明,基于负载均衡策略的路由协议能够有效提高分组递交成功率,降低分组传输延迟。     

一种基于AODV的链路质量与能效优先的跨层路由协议

无线ad-hoc网络部署在非人为控制的外部环境中,采用电池供电.在这种应用环境中,如何通过合理的路由协议设计降低能量开销、提高网络的生存时间是近年来研究的热点.文章提出一种结合链路质量与能效的跨层路由协议.在路由建立阶段综合考虑链路质量、发送数据包的能耗和节点剩余能量来建立路由.通过在路由维护阶段对链路质量和节点剩余能量进行检测,预测路由中断的发生,并进行本地修复.通过在IEEE 802.15.4 Matlab模拟器下进行仿真,验证了该协议能够有效地提高网络的生存时间、数据投递率及AODV协议的性能和稳定性.     

能量感知和链路稳定度的多径MANET路由

在移动自组织网络中,相对于单路径路由算法而言,多路径路由算法可以均衡网络负载、提高路由的可靠性。通过对AOMDV路由协议进行改进,提出了基于能量感知和链路稳定度的多径MANET路由协议ELMRP。ELMRP协议综合考虑了节点的剩余能量和链路稳定度,根据路径的剩余能量和稳定度计算代价值,按照代价值在多条节点不相交路径上分配数据流量。仿真结果表明,和AOMDV路由协议相比,ELMRP协议延长了网络的生存时间,提高了数据分组递送率,降低了路由发现频度。     

链路可靠的无线传感器网络组播路由协议

在无线传感器网络实际应用中,组播正在发挥着越来越重要的作用.但由于能量等多方面的因素,使得为无线传感器网络设计一个有效的组播路由是非常困难的.针对无线传感器网络中节点的能量限制,通过寻求节点间最短路径,提出一种能量有效的链路可靠组播路由协议(RLMR).该协议充分考虑到网络中节点的能耗因素和两节点间的链路可靠性等,通过对这两个因素的综合考虑,让能量较多并且以发送节点更靠近的节点承担更多传输任务的方式,为数据流优化路由选择,均衡无线传感器网络节点的能量消耗,以延长网络的生存时间.仿真结果证明了RLMR的有效性和可靠性.     

考虑负载均衡的系统保护通信专网路由规划方法

针对系统保护通信专网局部节点与链路业务负载过重的问题,提出一种考虑负载均衡的系统保护通信专网路由规划方法。首先,阐述了系统保护通信专网的概念,分析了局部节点和链路业务负载过重的问题;然后,构建了综合考虑业务特性和备份路径的负载均衡路由规划优化模型,实现了模型的负载均衡路由规划求解;最后,以某省系统保护通信专网光传送网(OTN)拓扑为仿真网络,采用PSCPlanner电力通信网规划平台与K条最短路径(KSP)算法进行了对比实验。仿真结果表明:该方法均衡了链路容量,降低了业务请求拒绝率,有效地分配了网络资源。     

AODV_RR: A Maximum Transmission Range Based Ad Hoc on-Demand Distance Vector Routing in MANET

Nodes in a mobile ad hoc network are battery constrained devices and energy efficiency becomes an important consideration. In a multi-hop mobile ad hoc network the most common method to achieve energy efficiency is the transmission power control scheme in which a node transmits the data packets to its nearest neighbor which is at minimum required power level. However this scheme minimizes only the transmission power within the node’s neighborhood and energy efficiency at the link level is possible. With this scheme it is not possible to minimize the overall energy consumption of the network and the communication overhead of the network is not minimized. An analysis has been performed and our results have proved that instead of using low transmission power, the routing strategy needs to be controlled and only certain nodes are to be allowed to receive and process this routing request based on the received signal strength, then the overall energy consumption of the network can be minimized and the communication overhead is also minimized. The modified routing strategy is applied to the basic ad hoc on-demand distance vector (AODV) routing protocol and a maximum transmission range based ad hoc on-demand distance vector routing protocol named AODV range routing (AODV_RR) is proposed and studied under different network sizes. Measurable difference in performance is realized and the proposed AODV_RR perform better than normal AODV with respect to all the selected metrics.     

一种适于波束切换移动自组网的邻居发现改进算法

基于多波束切换的移动自组网系统在未来通信中具有广阔的应用前景,邻居发现是基于多波束切换的移动自组网系统的关键技术之一。现有基于多波束切换的移动自组网邻居发现算法在波束交叠情况下无法选择最优通信波束,为了解决基于多波束切换的移动自组网邻居发现过程中的最优通信波束选择问题,提出一种改进算法,在邻居发现过程中增加接收信号质量评估机制,增强网络的稳定性,提高网络吞吐量,并通过仿真验证了在波束交叠的情况下系统的累计平均接收电平优于传统方法。     

Transmit‐sense‐receive–based cognitive antijamming for airborne ad hoc networks

In this paper, a transmit‐sense‐receive mode–based simultaneous transmit‐and‐receive cognitive antijamming (SCAJ) strategy is proposed to enhance spectrally efficient of airborne networks in congested electromagnetic spectrum environment. We explore the performance of spectrum sensing based on energy detection in SCAJ system. The tight close form expressions of jamming detection and false‐alarm probability are derived under different channels, the throughput of individual SCAJ system is analyzed, and SCAJ transceiver‐based airborne ad hoc network capacity is presented for air platform equipping with digital beamforming antennas. Simulation results show that proposed SCAJ technology can improve the antijamming capability and airborne ad hoc network capacity compared to the half‐duplex cognitive antijamming scheme. It is an effective approach to solve the problem of designing airborne networks arise from the limited availability of spectrum and the desire to provide much higher data rates.     

Mobility-Aware and Load Balancing Based Clustering Algorithm for Energy Conservation in MANET

Mobile ad hoc network (MANET) is one of wireless communication network architecture that has received a lot of attention. MANET is characterized by dynamic network topology and limited energy. With mobility-aware and load balancing based clustering algorithm (MLCA), this paper proposes a new topology management strategy to conserve energy. Performance simulation results show that the proposed MLCA strategy can balances the traffic load inside the whole network, so as to prolong the network lifetime, meanly, at the same time, achieve higher throughput ratio and network stability.     

命名数据的Ad Hoc网络通信方案

基于IP技术实现的AdHoc网络通信,节点移动引起网络拓扑结构的变化,易造成通信的中断和间歇。命名数据网络（NDN,Named Data Network）是正在研究中的下一代互联网络,使用数据名字转发数据而不用关心节点地理位置,网络扩展性强,特别适用于AdHoc网络的应用环境。通过分析NDN网络通信模型,结合AdHoc网络的特点要求,设计基于NDN技术的AdHoc网络,提出制约其应用的数据命名规则、端到端通信和安全保密问题的解决方案。     

Scalability enhancement of AODV using local link repairing

Dynamic change in the topology of an ad hoc network makes it difficult to design an efficient routing protocol. Scalability of an ad hoc network is also one of the important criteria of research in this field. Most of the research works in ad hoc network focus on routing and medium access protocols and produce simulation results for limited-size networks. Ad hoc on-demand distance vector (AODV) is one of the best reactive routing protocols. In this article, modified routing protocols based on local link repairing of AODV are proposed. Method of finding alternate routes for next-to-next node is proposed in case of link failure. These protocols are beacon-less, means periodic hello message is removed from the basic AODV to improve scalability. Few control packet formats have been changed to accommodate suggested modification. Proposed protocols are simulated to investigate scalability performance and compared with basic AODV protocol. This also proves that local link repairing of proposed protocol improves scalability of the network. From simulation results, it is clear that scalability performance of routing protocol is improved because of link repairing method. We have tested protocols for different terrain area with approximate constant node densities and different traffic load.     

Joint load balanced stable routing and communication segment assignment in mobile cognitive radio ad‐hoc networks

The fundamental issues in mobile cognitive radio ad‐hoc networks are the selection of the optimal stable paths between nodes and proper assignment of the frequency channels/time slots (communication segments) to the links. In this paper, a joint load balanced stable routing and communication segment assignment algorithm is proposed that considers jointly the mobility prediction, mitigating the co‐channel interference and energy consumption. The novelty of the proposed algorithm lies in the increasing of the path stability, which benefits from the maximum link lifetime parameter and introduced weighting function to keep routes away from the PU's region. This avoids the negative impacts on the PUs' operations and decreases the conflict of the cognitive nodes. In the proposed algorithm, the concept of load balancing is considered that yields in the balancing energy consumption in the network, improving the network performance and distributing traffic loads on all available channels. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is verified by evaluating the aggregate interference energy, average end‐to‐end delay, goodput, and the energy usage per packet under 6 scenarios. The results show that the performance of the proposed algorithm is significantly better than the recently proposed joint stable routing and channel assignment protocol.     

移动自组网中基于声誉机制的安全路由协议设计与分析

移动自组网是一种有特殊用途的对等式网络,具有无中心、自组织、可快速展开、可移动等特点,这些特点使得它在战场、救灾等特殊场合的应用日渐受到人们的重视.由于在移动自组网络中每节点既是主机又是路由器,所以容易遭受基于路由信息的攻击,而现今的路由协议基本没有考虑到该问题.本文在分析移动自组网络安全特性的基础上,综述了该方面的研究工作,建立了基于声誉机制评价体系,并给出了具体的评价方法和计算模型.在此基础上,提出了基于声誉机制的安全路由协议S-DSR.仿真结果表明在存在攻击节点的情况下S-DSR协议比DSR协议具有更好的包传输率、包丢失率等属性.     

A secure and trust based on-demand multipath routing scheme for self-organized mobile ad-hoc networks

A mobile ad hoc network (MANET) is a self-configurable network connected by wireless links. This type of network is only suitable for provisional communication links as it is infrastructure-less and there is no centralized control. Providing QoS and security aware routing is a challenging task in this type of network due to dynamic topology and limited resources. The main purpose of secure and trust based on-demand multipath routing is to find trust based secure route from source to destination which will satisfy two or more end to end QoS constraints. In this paper, the standard ad hoc on-demand multi-path distance vector protocol is extended as the base routing protocol to evaluate this model. The proposed mesh based multipath routing scheme to discover all possible secure paths using secure adjacent position trust verification protocol and better link optimal path find by the Dolphin Echolocation Algorithm for efficient communication in MANET. The performance analysis and numerical results show that our proposed routing protocol produces better packet delivery ratio, reduced packet delay, reduced overheads and provide security against vulnerabilities and attacks.     

Minimisation de la consommation d’Énergie dans les réseaux ad hoc

An ad hoc network is a collection of wireless devices forming a temporary network independently of any administration or fixed infrastructure. The main benefits of this new generation of mobile networks are flexibility and their low cost. Wireless devices have maximum utility when they can be used “anywhere at anytime “. However, one of the greatest limitations to that goal is the finite power supplies. Since batteries provide limited power, a general constraint of wireless communication is the short continuous operation time of mobile terminals. This constraint is more important for the ad hoc networks, since every terminal has to perform the functions of a router. Therefore, energy consumption should be a crucial issue while designing new communication protocols and particularly ad hoc routing protocols. We propose, in this paper, some extensions to the most important on-demand routing algorithm,Aodv (Ad hoc On demand Distance Vector). The discovery mechanism in these extensions uses energy as a routing metric. These algorithms improve the network survivability by maintaining the network connectivity, which is the strong requirement for a high-quality communication. They carry out this objective with low message overhead for computing routes and without affecting the other network protocol layers.