基于多小波包的红外/被动毫米波图像融合

红外/被动毫米波(IR/PMMW)复合制导是当前发展多模复合制导技术的热点方向。红外探测系统在低能见度条件下穿透能力不如被动毫米波,而被动毫米波探测图像分辨率不如红外图像。为了更好地识别目标,提出一种新方法,首先采用多小波包与邻域平均相结合的去噪方法对IR/PMMW图像进行去噪处理;然后利用多小波包方法获取多张相似的IR/PMMW图像,再将它们进行主成分融合并进行精确的直方图规定化;最后,根据被动毫米波图像的特殊性,提出基于区域的图像质量评价方法。实验仿真结果表明,利用新方法处理图像,提高了图像的清晰度,更容易识别出目标信息。     

基于多分辨分析的红外/被动毫米波图像主成分融合

红外/毫米波(IR/MMW)复合制导是当前发展多模复合制导技术的热点方向。针对红外探测系统在低能见度条件下穿透能力有限,而被动毫米波探测虽然穿透能力较强、但图像分辨率不高的问题,为了更好地进行红外与被动毫米波图像融合,使得复合探测器能够全天候工作,提出一种新的基于多分辨分析的主成分融合方法(M-P)。利用多分辨分析可以按图像的分辨率空间很好地处理信息的优势,M-P融合方法首先对红外与被动毫米波探测的坦克群图像进行分解去噪;对重构后图像分别进行主成分变换;用高分辨率图像的第1主分量代替低分辨率图像的第1主分量;最后做逆主分量变换来得到最终的融合图像。实验仿真结果表明,与PCA方法比较,新方法融合得到的图像能更好地区分坦克群目标和地物背景。     

基于小波变换的双色红外图像融合检测方法

针对复杂背景中/长波红外图像的特点，提出了一种基于小波变换的中/长波红外图像融合检测方法。首先，对原始中/长波红外图像分别进行小波变换，提取出两幅图像的低频和高频信息；然后，分别对图像的低频和高频信息采用不同的融合准则进行融合，并用小波逆变换重建成融合图像，自适应选取阈值，获得最终的目标检测结果。在实验中，采用相同的方法分别用融合图像、单波段红外图像进行目标检测，实验结果证明，用文中提出的融合检测算法优于仅用长波或中波红外图像的目标检测。     

基于自适应融合规则的多分辨率图像融合算法

针对可见光与红外图像融合,设计了一种基于边缘检测的自适应融合规则.其思路是对小波变换分解后的高频子图像进行边缘检测,对边缘点的融合采用绝对值取大并一致性检验的方法,而对非边缘点的融合采用基于区域方差的融合规则;对低频子图像的融合采用任一原始图像的低频成分.和其他7种融合规则从不同角度进行了对比实验,结果表明该融合规则即保留了可见光图像的边缘信息,又融合了红外图像的高灰度值信息,而且目标和背景的对 比度变得更好.     

一种新颖的红外与可见光图像融合方法

为了提升红外和可见光图像融合效果,提出了一种新颖的融合方法。对可见光图像利用支持向量机和腐蚀膨胀算法在图像分块的基础上进行分割获取含有重要场景信息的特征子图像和灰度场景子图像;对红外图像进行热目标边缘提取并增强,结合前述特征子图像和最大类间方差法获取边缘增强的目标子图像,特征子图像和灰度场景子图像。利用小波包分别对两特征子图像,两场景子图像进行融合。融合过程中,根据子图像特点择取不同融合准则,并对高频融合系数进行系数修正使其更为准确可靠。将红外热目标注入到前述融合结果中获取最终融合图像。实验结果表明,提出算法从主、客观评价上都要优于对比算法。     

反舰导弹毫米波主被动复合制导导引头设计探讨

介绍了毫米波主被动复合制导的主要性能和主被动复合的三种方式,分析了毫米波主被动复合制导既可以充分发挥毫米波主动雷达的反隐身能力,又可以发挥毫米波被动雷达探测距离相对较远的优点,在此基础上提出了一种新的毫米波主被动复合制导导引头设计方案,该设计方案通过毫米波主被动雷达信息融合处理技术,提高了抗干扰能力和目标识别能力,可以实现对目标的精确打击.     

PMMW金属目标图像处理与计数技术实现

被动毫米波金属目标图像识别并自动统计出目标个数是军事自动化技术的一个重要环节。给出了毫米波探测目标的简要原理,针对目前有关毫米波被动探测并自动计算出金属目标个数方法的欠缺,首次尝试并给出了被动毫米波金属目标图像处理方案及详细处理过程,在毫米波图像分辨率低的条件下,将图像二值化,用数学形态学对图像进行处理,用Canny算子进行边缘检测并提取图像的边缘轮廓,再用Visual C++6.0开发工具,实现二值图像连通域像素标记算法,搭建起金属目标个数的计数系统。给出系统的定量分析,并与面积法计算目标个数做了对比。经分析,系统具有准确性,且响应时间短。     

基于变换域边缘检测的双源交通图像融合方法研究

针对交通图像在恶劣天气及夜间成像质量较差的问题,通过研究红外传感器和可见光传感器的成像原理,设计了一种基于变换域边缘检测的双源交通图像融合方法。首先将红外源图像与可见光源图像利用小波变换分别进行分解,再对所得结果中的高频成分边缘检测,通过设计不同的融合规则对变换域不同频率子图像分别进行融合处理,然后通过逆变换得到特征信息丰富的融合图像。     

PMMW装甲目标小波包分析与辐射特性研究

毫米波系统具有全天候或低能见度条件下工作的能力,但毫米波被动探测图像的限制是分辨率。小波包消噪是对退化图像进行处理的一种有效算法,给出了毫米波被动探测装甲目标的小波包分析去噪。为进一步刻画毫米波被动探测目标辐射的表征方法,在分析毫米波被动探测能力的基础上,建立了目标毫米波被动探测辐射截面分辨能量体的新概念,并给出3 mm被动辐射计探测单层隐身迷彩装甲目标的辐射截面能量分辨体的实测与分析研究。     

一种基于小波变换和图像边缘特征的图像融合方法

图像融合是信息融合的重要组成部分,是一种重要的增强图像信息的方法。本文将图像小波变换边缘提取和图像融合结合起来,提出了一种基于图像边缘特征的图像融合方法。首先对输入图像进行小波变换,用模极大值方法检测出图像的多尺度边缘,然后利用边缘特征对小波系数进行融合。实验结果表明该方法既能有效地去除噪声,又能突出源图像的边缘细节信息,是一种有效的图像融合方法。     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Curved crystal spectrometer for the measurement of X-ray lines from laser-produced plasmas

In order to diagnose the laser-produced plasmas, a focusing curved crystal spectrometer has been developed for measuring the X-ray lines radiated from a laser-produced plasmas. The design is based on the fact that the ray emitted from a source located at one focus of an ellipse will converge on the other focus by the reflection of the elliptical surface. The focal length and the eccentricity of the ellipse are 1350 mm and 0.9586, respectively. The spectrometer can be used to measure the X- ray lines in the wavelength range of 0.2-0.37 nm, and a LiF crystal （200） （2d = 0.4027 nm） is used as dispersive element covering Bragg angle from 30° to 67.5°. The spectrometer was tested on Shengnang- Ⅱ which can deliver laser energy of 60-80 J/pulse and the laser wavelength is 0.35 μm. Photographs of spectra including the 1 s2p ^1P1-1s^2 ^1S0 resonance line（w）, the 1s2p ^3P2-1s^2 1S0 magnetic quadrupole line（x）, the 1s2p ^3P1-1 s^2 ^1S0 intercombination lines（y）, the 1 s2p ^3S~1-1 s^2 ^1S0 forbidden line（z） in helium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅺ and the 1 s2s2p ^2P3/2-1 s622s ^2S1/2 line（q） in lithium-like Ti Ⅹ Ⅹhave been recorded with a X-ray CCD camera. The experimental result shows that the wavelength resolution（λ/△ 2） is above 1000 and the elliptical crystal spectrometer is suitable for X-ray spectroscopy.     

Preparation and Characterization of TaN ALD Precursors

High purity organic-tantalum precursors for thin film ALD TaN were synthesized and characterized.Vapor pressure and thermal stability of these precursors were studied.From the vapor pressure analysis,it was found that TBTEMT has a higher vapor pressure than any other published liquid TaN precursor,including TBTDET,TAITMATA,and IPTDET.Thermal stability of the alkyl groups on the precursors was investigated using a 1H NMR technique.The results indicated that the tertbutylimino group is the most stable group on TBTDET and TBTEMT as compared to the dialkylamido groups.Thermal stability of TaN precursors decreased in the following order:TBTDET ＞ PDMAT ＞ TBTEMT.In conclusion,precursor vapor pressure and thermal stability were tuned by making slight variations in the ligand sphere around the metal center.     

Electronic Structure of Semiconductor Nanocrystals

This paper reviews our recent development of the use of the large-scale pseudopotential method to calculate the electronic structure of semiconductor nanocrystals, such as quantum dots and wires, which often contain tens of thousands of atoms. The calculated size-dependent exciton energies and absorption spectra of quantum dots and wires are in good agreement with experiments. We show that the electronic structure of a nanocrystal can be tuned not only by its size,but also by its shape. Finally,we show that defect properties in quantum dots can be significantly different from those in bulk semiconductors.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.     

Critical Stage Rule-Based Real Time Dispatch（RTD）System in Highly-Mixed-Products （HMP） FAB

An improving utilization and efficiency of critical equipments in semiconductor wafer fabrication facilities are concerned. Semiconductor manufacturing FAB is one of the most complicated and cost sensitive environments. A good dispatching tool will make big difference in equipment utilization and FAB output as a whole. The equipment in this paper is In-Line DUV Scanner. There are many factors impacting utilization and output on this equipment group. In HMP environment one of the issues is changing of reticule in this area and idle counts due to load unbalance between equipments. Here we'll introduce a rule-based RTD system which aiming at decreasing the number of recipe change and idle counts among a group of scanner equipment in a high-mixed-products FAB.