一种改进型的无线信道模型研究

本文引入Clarke参考模型,采取了一种改进型的瑞利衰落信道模型作为单径瑞利衰落信道的仿真模型,并用MATLAB编程仿真实现.该技术有助于对移动通信系统电磁干扰的研究.     

基于FDTD方法的无线信道衰落特性模拟研究

为了表述无线信道衰落的时变及远区分布特性，提出了利用时域有限差分(FDTD)方法研究由多径效应引起的时变无线信道衰落的方法。在此将无线信道的衰落建模为随机过程，而不是通常的确定性随机变量。首先基于Clarke统计模型，利用FDTD方法研究了时变无线信道的小尺度平坦衰落特征；然后利用Monte Carlo方法和FDTD方法产生了具有信道多普勒功率谱特性的色高斯随机过程，再基于无线信道的时变统计特性建模，用Suzuki模型研究了时变无线信道的快衰落；最后将无线信道衰落特性分布和理论分布做了比较，验证了方法的有效性。     

一种无线通信信道的设计与算法仿真

无线信道在实际中难以测试,但信道仿真可以解决这一问题。文中给出了一种灵活且适应性强的无线移动信道模型,并给出了该模型中的衰落信道模型及算法,运用该算法对衰落信道进行仿真,给出衰落信号的仿真结果以及输入信号经衰落信道处理后的结果。     

噪声功率时变的瑞利慢衰落信道有限状态Markov模型

对衰落信道的准确建模对于自适应无线通信、认知无线电等应用中的信道预测具有重要意义。针对噪声功率存在时变特性的无线通信应用环境,提出了一种新的瑞利衰落信道的有限状态Markov模型。通过将接收信号的衰落电平进行离散化处理,建立了衰落电平区间与Markov模型状态之间的一一对应关系,推导了门限电平与状态转移概率和状态分布概率之间的理论关系式,并在此基础上提出了一种易于实现的基于等概率的信道模型。理论分析与仿真结果表明:在噪声功率时变的条件下,已有的基于信噪比的模型失效,而该模型能准确反映信道的衰落特性,最大相对误差小于7%。      

海上超短波超视距对流层散射信道模型研究

传统的海上超短波电台与岸上联络主要采用的是视距方式,其性能受到极大限制,具备超视距能力的超短波通信受到广泛关注. 文中对影响目前海上超视距通信的超短波信道展开研究,并针对对流层散射传输是海上超视距通信主要模式,以及散射通信引起的多径、多普勒和损耗问题,提出运用Clarke和Jakes两种不同的模型来模拟对流层散射信道,给出超视距散射通信信道特性,并仿真了QPSK调制方式在散射信道下的误码率,得出了与理论Rayleigh衰落信道相近的误码结论,其可为后续延展分析超短波超视距通信提供重要借鉴.     

一种新的Jakes模型参数计算方法

本文分析了小尺度无线衰落信道的理论参考模型—Clark模型,比较了两种较为重要的确定性仿真模型的参数计算方法—精确多普勒扩展法（MEDS）和随机精确多普勒扩展法（R_MEDS）,提出了一种新的用于仿真平坦衰落信道Jakes模型的参数计算方法,即在MEDS的基础上对离散多普勒频率引入随机抖动。仿真数据和图形表明,在模型复杂度较低的情况下,新的信道模型的自相关和互相关特性较R_MEDS有很大改善,而且与原始MEDS相比,新模型多普勒频率为随机变量,可以有效仿真瑞利衰落、多个不相关的瑞利衰落和频率选择性衰落信道等,并且可以结合工程需要设定随机抖动幅度,保证了衰落信道的不相关性和遍历性的有机统一。      

多时间尺度短波信道模型在NS2环境下的实现

针对短波信道衰落特征复杂,难以在仿真中较为真实的重现这一问题,提出了一种基于NS2和VOACAP联合仿真的短波信道模拟方法。采用Walnut Street模型作为基础,将短波信道衰落划分为慢衰落、中等时间尺度的衰落和快衰落。在实现短波信道衰落模型时,按需在C++中调用VOACAP计算慢衰落,使用对数正态分布模拟中等时间尺度的衰落,使用瑞利分布来模拟快衰落。仿真结果表明,此模型能够较好地反映短波信道的衰落特点,不同频率的衰落随时间的变化与理论和经验相符,可以作为短波网络仿真的物理层信道模型;同时,所采取的联合仿真方法避免了事先计算链路衰落的繁琐性,更加适合于大规模的短波网络仿真。     

矿井巷道多径信道模型研究

针对矿井无线信道快衰落多径信号幅度统计特性的可变性,介绍了描述矿井无线信道多径幅度分布的Rayleigh分布、Rician分布、Nakagami分布三种统计特性,提出了一种Nakagami幅度统计衰落信道的Simulink仿真模型。仿真结果显示,该模型能灵活地表述多径幅度分布不同的衰落程度,还可以改善信号性能,与其他衰落信道模型相比,有很大的优越性。     

空时相关复合衰落多输入多输出信道模型研究

针对多输入多输出(Multiple-Input Multiple-Output,MIMO)无线传播环境,综合考虑路径损耗、阴影衰落和多径衰落影响,提出一种基于Nakagami-Lognormal分布的相关复合衰落MIMO信道模型,推导并获得各信道自相关和互相关系数的理论表达式;提出一种基于谐波叠加思想的复合衰落MIMO信道仿真方法,并分析了该方法输出信道衰落的空时相关特性.数值仿真结果表明:仿真模型输出统计特性均与理论模型吻合;各子信道之间存在互相关性且随阴影衰落方差减小而下降,而自相关性则呈现快速起伏并缓慢下降的特性.     

基于动态规划(DP)的信道模型变化检测

本文提出一种适用于快衰落信道结构的模型变化检测算法.针对信号包络幅值寻找信道模型发生突变的采样时间点,运用动态规划(DP)方法推导了快衰落信道的模型变化检测的理论表达式,构造了信道的变结构模型切换准则.理论分析和仿真实验表明结合幅值变化检测,可有效地找出模型变化采样时间点,并在这些时间点对信道进行模型切换,使估计器达到...     

地空衰落信道建模与仿真

在对地空信道角度统计特性分析的基础上,得到非直视分量通用多普勒功率谱和天线空间相关系数数学表达式。将地空信道小尺度衰落和大尺度衰落结合起来,用Nakagami衰落来建模地空信道小尺度衰落。将Zheng模型仿真法和MSEM仿真法分别用来模拟地空小尺度衰落和大尺度衰落模型。仿真结果表明,信号经过信道后幅度和频率都将发生显著的变化。     

ITS宽带短波信道及其噪声的建模和仿真

文章介绍了宽带短波（WBHF）信道研究的发展历程,根据ITS信道建模的方法,在对信道衰落特征及其噪声干扰统计特性进行分析的基础上建立了适当模型,并设定了特定环境下信道衰落模型及其噪声模型的相关参数。最后通过计算机仿真与实测数据加以比较,从散射函数能量分布、噪声时／频域电平以及噪声电平交叉率（LCR）方面验证了信道模型的合理性。     

A Unified Approach to Computing Error Probabilities of Diversity Combining Schemes over Correlated Fading Channels

The average bit-error rate performance of one-stage and two-stage diversity combining schemes operating over correlated fading channels is investigated. Two channel models that can significantly simplify the performance analysis are considered. In particular, a linear correlation channel model having equal branch variances can be decorrelated at the receiver, so that the branches become independent. It is shown that, in general, employing diversity combining schemes for decorrelated or orthogonalized branches can recover some of the diversity gain lost due to the branch correlations. This is observed, for example, for the case of hybrid selection/maximum ratio combining operating over decorrelated and orthogonalized non-zero mean Gaussian fading channels. Furthermore, a fading amplitude channel model is proposed assuming vector norm superposition of the impinging plane waves. This channel model is well-suited for the performance analysis of maximum ratio and equal gain combining schemes operating over correlated fading channels. Finally, the average bit error rates of several diversity combining schemes are evaluated analytically using the Prony approximation method as well as using computer simulation.     

基于Kronecker法的MIMO信道模拟及硬件实现

针对多输入多输出（Multiple-Input Multiple-Output,MIMO）无线通信系统,在基于Kronecker 的MIMO信道模型中综合考虑了路径损耗、阴影衰落和多径衰落等因素,实现了基于现场可编程门阵列（Field Programmable Gate Array,FPGA）的MIMO信道模拟器,并分析了硬件设计方案以及MIMO信道模拟的实现方法。实测结果表明,设计的MIMO信道模拟器可以模拟瑞利衰落、莱斯衰落以及阴影衰落等常见的信道衰落类型,能够应用于3GPP、COST-207等标准信道模型的复现。该模拟器可作为无线通信系统研究的测试设备,辅助通信系统研究的算法验证、方案优化以及性能分析。     

基于高阶矩的Nakagami-m参数估计方法

衰落信道参数估计是无线信道传输系统中的关键技术。首先建立了噪声条件Nakagami-m分布模型,提出了一种基于高阶矩的Nakagami-m参数估计方法。该方法利用了高阶矩具有检测高斯分布特性的特点,用以识别衰落信道的属性。理论分析和仿真试验均证明了新方法的可行性和有效性,并对矩估计方法的计算复杂度进行了分析,从理论上证明其运算量低于最大似然估计方法。     

Performance Analysis of Cognitive Radio Multiple-Access Channels Over Dynamic Fading Environments

In dynamically changing environments, the spectrum-sharing method is a promising method to address the spectrum underutilization problem for cognitive radio (CR) systems. This paper investigates the capacity of cognitive radio multiple-access channel (CR-MAC) over a dynamic fading environment. Multiple secondary users (SUs) transmit to the secondary base station under the transmit power (TP) and interference temperature (IT) at the primary base station constraints. In order to perform a general analysis, a theoretical dynamic fading model termed hyper-fading model, which is suitable to the dynamic nature of cognitive radio channel, is considered. The optimal power allocation method is employed to maximize the capacity of CR-MAC for hyper-fading channel with TP and IT constraints and full channel side information. Through the numerical simulations, the capacity of the hyper-fading channels are compared with that of other channel fading models such as Rayleigh, Nakagami-2, and with an additive white Gaussian noise channel. Additionally, the impacts of the number of SUs on capacity is investigated.     

Sampled-Data Consensus Control of MUSV Systems with Channel Fading and Transmission Delay

This paper studies sampled-data consensus control of a collection of unmanned surface vehicles(USV)operating in network environments with fading channels and time-varying transmission delay.The channel fading is modeled as each independent stochastic process whose probability distribution is known.By considering the effects of channel fading and transmission delay from sampler to the controller,a new MUSV system model is formulated in the framework of network.With the novel established model,stability analysis is given at first,then the sampled-data consensus controller is designed,which also extends to the robust control with wave-induced disturbance.The effectiveness of the presented method is demonstrated by numerical simulation.     

Finite-state Markov modeling of correlated Rician-fading channels

Stochastic properties of the binary channel that describe the successes and failures of the transmission of a modulated signal over a time-correlated flat-fading channel are considered for investigation. This analysis is employed to develop Kth-order Markov models for such a burst channel. The order of the Markov model that generates accurate analytical models is estimated for a broad range of fading environments. The parameterization and accuracy of an important class of hidden Markov models, known as the Gilbert-Elliott channel (GEC), are also investigated. Fading rates are identified in which the Kth-order Markov model and the GEC model approximate the fading channel with similar accuracy. The latter model is useful for approximating slowly fading processes, since it provides a more compact parameterization.