基于分形的多径衰落信道估计

该文研究了多径衰落的分形性质,提出了一种利用分形维数和小波重构来改进最小均方误差方法的新型多径衰落信道估计算法。该算法改进了衰落信道参数估计的准确度,并消除了判决方法的错误传递性。仿真结果表明该算法能较准确地估计出多径衰落信道的参数,显著提高快衰落条件下接收机的误码性能。     

多径衰落信道的多重分形模型

本文研究多径衰落信号的多重分形性质,分析并指出了信号多重分形维数是描述无线信道传播特性的重要参数;计算了多径衰落信号的多重分形维数及其分形参数;在此基础上提出了一种新的无线信道模型;结合分形插值方法,对多径衰落信号的重构进行了研究.仿真结果表明,无线信道的多重分形模型与传统的统计模型相比更有效、更准确.     

多径衰落信道的分数布朗运动模型

本文旨在将分形理论引入多径衰落信道的研究,从非线性科学的角度出发建立了多径信道的分数布朗运动模型.通过探讨多径信号的增量统计分布、统计自相似性、广义功率谱和分形维数,揭示了多径衰落与分数布朗运动间的内在联系;指出信号的分维是描述无线信道传播特性的重要参数;在分形模型的基础上,对多径信号进行了重构.实验结果表明,无线信道的分数布朗运动模型比传统的随机模型能更有效地刻划和描述多径衰落的行为.     

基于混沌、分形理论的多径衰落分析

本文首次将混沌、分形等非线性理论引入多径衰落的研究,针对现场实测数据分析了它的非线性动力特征.首先通过重构状态空间和关联维数验证了其动力机制的有限维自由度,然后通过计算其Lyapunov指数考察了系统的时空演化特性,最后利用分形机制对多径信号进行了重构.研究结果表明,与传统的随机模型相比,非线性动力模型能更恰当地描述多径衰落的内在物理机制.     

莱斯衰落信道下大规模MIMO系统中的信道估计方法

日趋重要的高速移动工具,如高速铁路、无人驾驶飞机等,大多都处在开阔地带.由于视距传播的存在,瑞利衰落模型已经不能很好地描述该环境下的信道情况,而莱斯衰落信道模型由视距分量和多径分量组成,更能准确地表述上述信道变化.基于此模型,在大规模天线系统下,在已存在的基于叠加训练序列信道估计方法的基础上,提出了改进的信道估计方法和对应的解码方法.改进后的信道估计方法分为直射分量已知和未知两种情况,分别推导了相应的信道估计公式和解码方法.数值仿真结果验证了本文所提方案性能的优越性.     

OFDM系统中一种改进的最大似然同步迭代算法

在考虑多径衰落信道的影响下,改进了基于循环前缀的最大似然(ML)同步迭代算法,弥补了原ML迭代算法只在高斯白噪声信道背景下才能得到准确的定时和频率偏差估计的不足,实现了多径衰落信道下的同步估计.并在多径衰落信道下进行了仿真实验,结果表明改进迭代算法在具有较好的同步性能.     

地空测控链路OFDM信道估计

针对无人飞行器大动态运动特点,提出利用地空测控窄带扩频链路的信道估计,辅助OFDM传输方式的下行宽带链路进行信道估计的方法。基于OFDM信道估计基带模型,设计了奇偶OFDM符号分组交错导频插入方式,设计了基于窄带链路多普勒频偏、多径时延信道估计的宽带链路信道估计算法。在大多普勒与多径传输信道下对算法误码率性能进行了仿真,验证了下行宽带链路具有较强的抗大多普勒、抗多径衰落的性能。     

一种适用于多径衰落信道的OFDM系统同步算法

该文针对多径衰落信道的具体特点,提出了一种适用于无线衰落信道环境下的OFDM符号同步方法。此种方法利用前一帧估计的信道最大时延来调整相关窗长度,在最大程度上避开了多径的影响;并利用本帧信道估计得到的多径信息进一步完成符号精细同步。仿真证明,该方法比传统的方法有较大的性能改善,比较适合多径衰落信道环境下的符号定时同步。     

适用于慢衰落信道的联合最大似然序列估计

为了克服移动通信中存在的多径衰落效应,基于Viterbi算法的最大似然序列估计需要不断跟踪信道参数的变化.在建立有限带宽信号的多径衰落信道传输模型的基础上,提出了一种适合于慢衰落信道特性的降阶联合信道跟踪与最大似然均衡算法D-PSP.该方法根据信道特性选择不同的降阶维数N,在保证数据正确接收率的条件下,不同程度的有效减小PSP算法的计算时间和存储空间.     

基于分形布朗运动的无线信道研究

介绍了分形布朗运动与无线信道中信号的关系,并运用分形布朗运动模型,基于MATLAB仿真工具,对分形布朗信道下的无线信号功率谱进行仿真分析。结果证明了分数布朗运动建模无线信道的可行性,并表明了对于不同的无线信道,可以利用检测功率方法估计其分形维数。     

基于最小二乘支持向量机的衰落信道预测算法

该文探讨了利用相空间重构和支持向量机进行衰落信道非线性预测算法。该算法基于多径衰落信道具有混沌行为,利用坐标延迟理论,重建衰落信道系数的相空间,再根据混沌吸引子的稳定性和分形性,在相空间中通过递归最小二乘支持向量机(RLS-SVM)进行预测。该算法对原始数据可以进行更平滑的处理,在噪声环境下预测的时间范围更长。对时间跨度为63.829ms的衰落系数进行了预测,仿真结果表明,在信噪比为15dB时,预测结果优于AR算法。     

Channel estimation for OFDM transmission in multipath fadingchannels based on parametric channel modeling

We present an improved channel estimation algorithm for orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing mobile communication systems using pilot subcarriers. This algorithm is based on a parametric channel model where the channel frequency response is estimated using an L-path channel model. In the algorithm, we employ the ESPRIT (estimation of signal parameters by rotational invariance techniques) method to do the initial multipath time delays acquisition and propose an interpath interference cancellation delay locked loop to track the channel multipath time delays. With the multipath time delays information, a minimum mean square error estimator is derived to estimate the channel frequency response. It is demonstrated that the use of the parametric channel model can effectively reduce the signal subspace dimension of the channel correlation matrix for the sparse multipath fading channels and, consequently, improve the channel estimation performance     

基于SVD的LC_CDMA通信系统信道估计研究

在LC-CDMA通信系统中，由于在多径衰落信道下使用了时变扩频码，使得信道估计非常困难，而对接收机的设计往往需要信道的先验知识。本文建立了长码条件下的CDMA通信系统模型和多径频率选择性衰落信道的FIR滤波器模型，利用子空间分解的方法，推导了长码条件下CDMA通信系统的信道估计算法，并仿真分析算法的性能。     

空时分组码的多径译码方法

为有效地将空时分组码应用到多径衰落环境下的码分多址系统，以充分利用多个路径的信号能量，提出了一种多径环境下空时分组码译码的新方法。由于空时分组码译码与信道估计紧密相关，本文亦讨论了多径信道估计以及信道估计误差对本方法的影响。仿真结果表明，采用多路径译码方法可明显提高系统的误码率性能。     

基于特定导频OFDM信道估计的研究

在OFDM系统中,准确的信道估计是对抗瑞利衰落信道中信道干扰的关键。提出了一种对OFDM信道估计的新方法,利用CR Spline函数的插值方法,设计一个特定的导频结构,从而导出信道估计的CR Spline函数形式,用该函数近似信道衰落包络。实验结果表明,仅用少量导频就可以近似出信道特性,并具有良好的平滑性。计算机仿真证明了提出算法的有效性。     

单载波频域均衡信道估计分析

针对高速率信息传输系统中多径衰落对单载波频域均衡(SC-FDE)信道估计造成的影响,在SC-FDE原理基础上,将无线通信中信噪比估计和SC-FDE中信道估计结合起来,对现有信噪比估计算法进行优化。分析和仿真结果表明,此方法能有效地改善多径衰落信道中信道估计的有效性,提高了频域均衡的效果,从而改善了SC-FDE系统的误码率(BER)性能。     

A robust adaptive DFE receiver for DS-CDMA systems under multipathfading channels

This paper presents a novel receiver design from signal processing viewpoint for direct-sequence code-division multiple access (DS-CDMA) systems under multipath fading channels. A robust adaptive decision-feedback equalizer (DFE) is developed by using optimal filtering technique via minimizing the mean-square error (MSE). The multipath fading channels are modeled as tapped-delay-line filters, and the tap coefficients are described as Rayleigh distributions in order to imitate the frequency-selective fading channel. Then, a robust Kalman filtering algorithm is used to estimate the channel responses for the adaptation of the proposed DFE receiver under the situation of partially known channel statistics. The feedforward and feedback filters are designed by using not only the estimated channel responses but the uncertainties and error covariance of channel estimation as well. As shown in the computer simulations, the proposed adaptive DFE receiver is robust against the estimation errors and modeling dynamics of the channels. Hence, it is very suitable for receiver design in data transmissions through multipath fading channels encountered in most wireless communication systems     

Wavelet-based separating kernels for array processing of cellularDS/CDMA signals in fast fading

We propose new detectors for direct-sequence code-division multiple-access (CDMA) signals that outperform known approaches in rapidly fading multipath channels. Multipath compensation in CDMA systems is a problem of significant complexity especially when rapidly fading is afflicting the radio frequency channel. In this work, we depart from typical approaches in search of new kernels that can more accurately characterize the time-varying nature of the estimation problem and focus on a multiresolution representation of the fading processes. The unknown channel time variations are in fact decomposed using optimal unconditional bases in the family of the orthonormal wavelets. We show that it is possible to represent the channel in a reduced-order dimensional space by matching the scattering function of the multipath channel to its decomposition and obtain an approach that is effective in fast fading environments, such as those practically found in macrocell wireless communication applications. We apply this representation to the development of a practical multiscale filter that achieves multiuser separation minimizing a time-averaged squared error. The technique is studied by means of computer simulations and hardware experiments that employ a currently deployed base-station system     

Performance of multiuser detection with adaptive channel estimation

An adaptive multipath decorrelating multiuser receiver is considered for application in Rayleigh fading multipath channels with significant Doppler spread. Coherent diversity combining is performed using adaptively obtained channel estimates in a manner that minimizes the impact of estimation errors on data detection. The bit-error rate of the receiver is evaluated analytically, showing dependence on the fading rate of the channel and tracking capabilities of adaptive least mean square and recursive least square algorithms, in addition to the order of multipath diversity and the number of active code-division multiple-access users