基于统计特征的 ＩＱ 不平衡高效校正算法

针对零中频接收机的I/Q不平衡问题,提出了一种数字域的基于统计特征的盲估计IQ不平衡校正算法,该算法利用具有循环对称特性的信号的统计特征,直接估计出系统的不平衡参数,进而完成IQ不平衡校正,相比于传统的算法,本算法具有计算复杂度低,校正精度高且不容易受到加性噪声的干扰等优点。仿真结果表明,所提算法不仅可以准确估计零中频接收机的IQ不平衡参数,还能对IQ不平衡进行有效的校正,从而提高系统的镜像抑制比。     

宽带无线通信系统的零中频接收机设计

零中频(ZIF)接收机具有体积小、成本低、易于集成和扩展等优点,是宽带无线通信接收机的重要研究方向.本文首先论述了零中频接收机的系统架构,并分析了零中频接收架构所引入的本振泄漏、直流偏差、I/Q不平衡等问题及补偿算法,提出了一种可行的LTE零中频接收机设计方案.仿真结果表明,该方案能够很好地解决现有零中频接收机技术存在的问题,显著提高LTE宽带接收机的性能.     

基于LS的OFDM零中频接收机IQ不平衡数字补偿技术

零中频接收机已成为未来无线终端发展潮流,但是零中频的结构会引入较大的射频损伤;本文首先介绍了射频I/Q不平衡时对高斯以及频率选择性信道下OFDM接收机性能的影响;通过特殊导频设计,解耦合I、Q路的相互影响;如此可以方便地估计和补偿射频I/Q不平衡对高斯以及频率选择性信道的影响。仿真表明本文所示方法大大提高了OFDM零中频接收机的性能。     

OFDM联合信道均衡与I/Q失衡补偿算法

分析多径衰落信道下零中频接收机的I/Q失衡对OFDM系统造成的影响,并在此基础上构造一个结合了信道频率响应与I/Q失衡因子的复合信道模型.通过设计OFDM双导频符号进行复合信道均衡,从而能同时补偿多径衰落信道和I/Q失衡对OFDM系统造成的影响.仿真结果表明:这种联合算法大大提高了OFDM系统的性能,而且具有较低的实现复杂度.     

OFDM零中频接收机I/Q不平衡的数字估计与补偿

由于零中频接收机的优点,其已经成为未来无线终端发展的方向.但它也有固有缺陷,即引入较大的射频损伤.首先分析了I/Q不平衡的系统模型,接着推导出其在OFDM系统中对接收机的影响.提出了一种硬件容易实现的简便时域估计和补偿I/Q不平衡的算法.最后通过仿真给出了该算法的性能,仿真表明在AWGN和频率选择性衰落信道下能够明显提高接收机的误码率性能.     

低中频接收机I/Q不平衡的数字估计和补偿

相对于传统的超外差式接收机,低中频接收机由于不需要镜像抑制滤波器、中频滤波器等片外大体积昂贵器件,因而系统设计可以更加灵活,体积更小,成本更低,集成度更高。低中频接收机采用I/Q下变频进行镜像分离,但模拟前端I/Q不平衡导致的镜像抑制不足问题却是其一大缺点。本文提出了一种利用测试信号数字估计和补偿I/Q不平衡的方法来提高镜像抑制能力。仿真结果表明,在幅度不平衡不大于10%和相位不平衡不大于10°时,经补偿后的镜像抑制比能够达到50d B以上。     

一种超宽带高速跳频信号实时非合作接收机

提出一种基于模数混合信道化宽带处理和实时流水处理技术的超宽带高速跳频信号实时非合作接收机结构,采用基于无盲区数字信道化、多通道数据融合的频率跳变时刻估计算法和针对差分相移键控(SDPSK)信号的实时解调方法,解决了超宽带高速跳频信号的实时解跳和解调难题。为进一步验证所提出结构和算法的有效性,设计并实现了一种针对2 GHz,20 000 Hop/s跳频信号的超宽带高速跳频实时非合作接收机。测试结果表明:该接收机能实现对超宽带高速跳频信号的实时解跳和解调。     

宽带数字接收机IQ不平衡估计与自适应补偿算法

针对宽带调制解调技术中广泛存在的IQ不平衡问题,在IQ不平衡模型及补偿原理的分析基础上提出了一种宽带数字接收机IQ不平衡估计与自适应补偿算法。首先利用解调数据对IQ不平衡参数进行实时估计,然后利用估计参数对接收信号进行自适应补偿。实验结果表明,所提算法可以有效解决宽带调制解调系统中普遍存在的IQ不平衡问题,提升系统误码性能。     

激光相干雷达中光电双下变频技术EI北大核心CSCD

在激光雷达远程测距中,雷达接收机需要在接收信号信噪比较低的背景下,对其中的有用信号进行识别、提取和判决。因此,为保证雷达系统的探测距离和精度,在激光发射功率一定的前提下,需在信号接收处理的各环节中设法提高信号的信噪比。当前外差式激光雷达接收机在变频时将本振光和信号光直接混频,导致镜像频率噪声与有用信号叠加,致使解调信噪比恶化。针对激光雷达接收机提高信号信噪比的需求,提出了一种在信号解调过程中对镜频干扰进行抑制,从而提高解调信噪比的方法。采用光电联合I/Q下变频,首先参考Hartley结构,在光信号的解调过程中对镜频处的噪声进行抵消,随后采用I/Q支路不平衡补偿算法对潜在的双支路不平衡量进行矫正,最后使用数字正交下变频将中频信号解调至基带。仿真和实验表明,该方法能够有效消除调频信号变频过程中引入的镜像频率噪声,相较于传统激光相干雷达接收机方案,该方案解调得到的基带信号信噪比提升了约3 dB。     

窄带零中频接收机IQ不平衡校准技术研究

针对窄带零中频接收机存在的IQ不平衡问题,设计实现了一种基于信号统计的IQ不平衡校准方法。首先建模分析了IQ不平衡对接收机性能的影响,在此基础上使用基于信号统计的方法对幅度和相位不平衡参数进行估计,进而实现IQ不平衡的补偿。实验测试表明,本文所设计算法能够有效实现窄带零中频接收机IQ不平衡的校准。     

Circularity-Based I/Q Imbalance Compensation in Wideband Direct-Conversion Receivers

Communication receivers that utilize I/Q downconversion are troubled by amplitude and phase mismatches between the analog I and Q branches. These mismatches are unavoidable in practice and reduce the obtainable image frequency attenuation to the 20-40-dB range in practical receivers. In wideband multichannel receivers, where the overall bandwidths are in the range of several megahertz and the incoming carriers located at each other's mirror frequencies have a high dynamic range, the image attenuation of the analog front-end (FE) alone is clearly insufficient. In this paper, two novel blind low-complexity I/Q imbalance compensation techniques are proposed and analyzed to digitally enhance the analog FE image attenuation in wideband direct-conversion receivers. The proposed algorithms are grounded on the concept of circular or proper complex random signals, and they are, by design, able to handle the often overlooked yet increasingly important case of frequency-dependent I/Q mismatches. The first technique is an iterative one, stemming from adaptive filtering principles, whereas the second one is a moment-estimation-based block method. The performance of the algorithms is evaluated through computer simulations, as well as real-world laboratory signal measurement examples in practical multicarrier receiver cases. Based on the obtained results, the proposed compensation techniques can provide very good compensation performance with low computational resources and are robust in the face of different imbalance levels and dynamics of the received signals, as well as many other crucial practical aspects such as the effects of the communications channel and carrier synchronization.     

Advanced methods for I/Q imbalance compensation in communicationreceivers

I/Q signal processing is widely utilized in today's communication receivers. However, all I/Q processing receiver structures, such as the low-IF receiver, face a common problem of matching the amplitudes and phases of the I and Q branches. In practice, imbalances are unavoidable in the analog front-end, which results in finite and usually insufficient rejection of the image frequency band. This causes the image signal to appear as interference on top of the desired signal. We carry out general signal analysis of an imbalanced I/Q processing receiver and propose novel methods for I/Q imbalance compensation using baseband digital signal processing. A simple structure for compensation is derived, based on a traditional adaptive interference canceller. Improved image rejection can also be obtained by using more advanced blind source separation techniques. Theoretical analysis of the performance of the proposed imbalance compensation structures is presented. In addition, some simulation results are provided in order to further evaluate the performance of the proposed methods. The results indicate that the I/Q imbalance can be effectively compensated during the normal operation of the receiver even in the rapidly changing case, as long as a linear system model for the imbalance is valid     

数字合成孔径雷达接收机设计

为了解决模拟合成孔径雷达接收机带来的幅相不平衡等诸多问题,设计了一种基于高速A/D转换和FPGA高速信号处理的数字合成孔径雷达中频接收机.该设计结构简单、信号带宽大、镜频抑制比高.对多相滤波正交解调算法进行了改进,给出了数字中频接收机的工作原理和系统结构框图,设计了基于Virtex-4 FPGA的信号处理模块.仿真验证结果表明该设计完全符合系统设计参数的要求,可以应用于高分辨率合成孔径雷达.     

面向多功能综合射频系统的多通道全数字发信机

多功能综合射频系统(MIRFS)是解决舰载、机载、星载等空间受限平台雷达、无线通信、电子战、导航定位等多种射频功能综合集成的重要途径,其核心是孔径综合、射频综合和软件综合。针对射频综合对MIRFS射频信道的多任务共用需求,提出一种多通道全数字发信机架构。该架构具有多个参数独立配置的数据通道,每个通道首先将输入基带I/Q数据数字正交上变频到一个合适的中频;然后利用2对带通增量求和调制器(BPDSM)分别对中频I/Q数据进行脉冲编码,产生2对反相数字脉冲序列。对所有通道产生的BPDSM脉冲序列进行内插,最后通过数据交织合并为1路数字脉冲序列,从而实现对多路射频调制信号的数字综合。仿真表明,通过对多个通道参数的独立配置,该架构可提高MIRFS的灵活性和适应性。     

Golay Sequence Based Time-Domain Compensation of Frequency-Dependent I/Q Imbalance

A time-domain frequencydependent I/Q imbalance compensation scheme based on Golay complementary sequence for receiver is presented. By utilizing property of Golay sequence, the signal and its conjugate interference(image interference)in preamble are separated by correlation and used to estimate I/Q imbalance parameters.After that, a Least Square(LS) estimation of compensation filter is obtained and adopted in the compensation structure. Two applications of the presented algorithm are discussed: we could either estimate the channel along with I/Q imbalance or estimate the imbalance parameter only to maintain a lower cost. Both applications are testified by simulation. The results show that the image interference is significantly suppressed even in poor SNR condition, and the computation cost of the algorithms is low.     

Estimation and compensation for transmitter and receiver I/Q imbalance of full-duplex terminals

In order to reduce I/Q imbalance of the full-duplex terminal with direct-conversion transceiver,an algorithm based on self-interference signal was proposed for the estimation and compensation of I/Q imbalance in both transmitter (Tx) and receiver (Rx).Without the perfect transmitter or receiver for I/Q imbalance estimation,the self-interference signal from Tx chain to Rx chain was used for parameter estimation and separation,and the Tx and Rx I/Q imbalance parameters were obtained,respectively.Then the pre-compensation before transmission and the correction after receiving was processed,so that there was nearly no I/Q imbalance in this full-duplex terminal from the view of the other terminals,and the complexity of the signal processing will be reduced as a result of the absent of the I/Q imbalance estimation.The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can effectively estimate and compensate the I/Q imbalance of the full-duplex Tx ＆ Rx terminal,and improve the overall signal quality and the system performance.     

LFMCW雷达中频接收机的设计与实现

针对一种线性调频连续波(LFMCW)雷达系统结构,提出一种中频接收机硬件平台的设计方案。该方案采用AD8347正交解调器做I/Q下变频,AD9248模数转换器做采样,EP3C80 FPGA做数字信号处理,PCI9054做PCI接口,并给出了系统软件的设计方法。实现了对线性调频连续波雷达中频信号的接收、处理和存储。通过测试,该接收机能够准确测量出目标信号的频率信息,可为雷达成像提供原始数据。     

A Fast and Precise Blind I/Q Mismatch Compensation for Image Rejection in Direct‐Conversion Receiver

In this paper, we propose a new digital blind in‐phase/quadrature‐phase (I/Q) mismatch compensation technique for image rejection in a direct‐conversion receiver (DCR). The proposed image‐rejection circuit adopts DC offset cancellation and a sign‐sign least mean squares (LMS) algorithm with a unique step size adaptation both for a fast and precise I/Q mismatch estimation. In addition, several performance‐optimizing design considerations related to accuracy, speed, and hardware simplicity are discussed. The implementation of the proposed circuit in an FPGA results in an image‐rejection ratio (IRR) of 65 dB, which is the best performance with modulated signals, along with an adaptation time of 0.9 seconds, which is a tenfold increase in the compensation speed as compared to previously reported circuits. The proposed technique will be a promising solution in the area of image rejection to increase both the speed and accuracy of future DCRs.     

基于MWC压缩采样宽带接收机的雷达信号脉内调制识别

针对传统宽带数字接收机在接收宽带雷达信号时产生的跨信道问题,以及低截获概率(LPI)雷达信号脉内调制盲识别问题,该文提出一种基于调制宽带转换器(MWC)离散压缩采样的新型宽带数字接收机结构对宽带雷达信号进行截获和识别。该结构采用伪随机序列将接收信号混频至基带和其他子带内,经低通滤波、降速采样获得基带压缩采样信号,解决了跨信道信号问题;又提出一种基于短时傅里叶变换(STFT)和频谱能量聚焦率检验的识别算法。首先检验STFT频谱带宽并进行调相和调频信号粗识别,然后检验压缩采样信号频谱能量聚焦率并进行具体的信号脉内调制识别。仿真结果证明了该新型接收机结构和该识别算法在低信噪比下的有效性。