共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 500 毫秒
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在传统的无线通信系统中,频谱的分配是固定的。但是由于通信过程的突发性,这些频谱的使用率很低。另一方面,随着无线通信和多媒体的高速发展和广泛应用,无线频谱资源日趋紧张。如何提高频谱利用率已经成为迫切需要解决的问题。一种可行的思路是把这些授权频谱向未授权用户开放,未授权用户采用动态频谱接入技术,在不对授权用户造成干扰的前提下使用频谱。本文以认知无线电技术(Cognitive Radio,CR)为基础,提出了一种基于CR的动态频谱接入MAC方案(CR-Ad Hoc-MAC)。该方案允许未授权用户自适应地选取可用带宽,实现了动态频谱接入,有效地提高了频谱利用率。 相似文献
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基于认知无线电系统中Underlay频谱共享模型,提出了一种双门限频谱分配算法.给定两个信噪比门限,当信噪比低于较小的门限时,系统选择认知用户做中继协助授权用户进行数据传输,以授权用户信道容量最大化为优化目标进行频谱分配;当信噪比大于较大的门限时,系统允许认知用户之间进行低功率数据传输,以认知用户接入数量最大化为优化目标进行频谱分配;当信噪比介于两门限之间时,由授权用户单独进行数据传输.理论分析和仿真表明,当授权用户信噪比低于较小门限时,所提方法能提高授权用户的信道容量;当授权用户信噪比大于较大门限时,所提方法可以提高认知用户的接入数量. 相似文献
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文中以认知无线电技术(cognitive Radio, CR)为基础,提出了一种基于CR的小卫星群通信动态频谱分配MAC方案.该方案允许未授权用户自适应地选取可用带宽,实现了动态频谱接入,有效地提高了频谱利用率.提出一种动态信道的跳预约多址接入(DC-HRMA)协议,在不需要公共信道的情况下,解决了信道有效接入与退让问题.仿真结果表明,该协议性能和主次用户数目的合理搭配相关. 相似文献
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针对卫星认知无线网络频谱感知不确定性较大导致传统频谱接入机制效率降低的问题,该文提出一种基于动态多频谱感知的信道接入优化策略。认知LEO卫星根据频谱检测概率与授权用户干扰门限之间的关系,实时调整不同频谱感知结果下的信道接入概率。在此基础上以系统吞吐量最大化为目标,设计了一种基于频谱检测概率和虚警概率联合优化的判决门限选取策略,并推导了最佳感知频谱数量。仿真结果表明,认知用户能够在不大于授权用户最大干扰门限的前提下,根据授权信道空闲状态动态选择最佳频谱感知策略,且在检测信号信噪比较低时以更加积极的方式接入授权频谱,降低了频谱感知不确定性对信道接入效率的影响,提高了认知系统吞吐量。 相似文献
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认知无线电网络的一种协作频谱感知方案 总被引:3,自引:3,他引:0
认知无线电技术能够让非授权用户利用已经分配给授权用户的频段.为了不对首要用户的工作造成干扰,认知用户需要对频谱进行不间断的监测来判断首要用户是否存在.因此,频谱的感知是认知无线电技术的关键.协作频谱感知能够充分的利用网络资源,提高网络中的认知用户的检测概率.文中笔者简单地介绍了一种协作频谱感知的方案.仿真结果表明,通过该方法能够提高网络中认知用户的检测概率,提高网络的检测灵敏度. 相似文献
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认知无线电系统中频谱分配综述 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
认知无线电是一种新的智能无线电技术,它通过动态地接入频谱为用户提供高容量的服务,能极大地改善现有的低效的频谱利用率。文章主要对认知无线电中频谱分配进行了分析,其重点是对现有的频谱分配方式进行分类,分析它们各自性能,对基于图论、博弈论、定价拍卖和干扰温度等四种常见的频谱分配模型进行了阐述。 相似文献
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重复使用一定的TV频段是机会频谱接入的一个典型应用。在认知无线电机会频谱接入中,为了最大化信道的利用,授权用户与认知用户相互协作共同利用信道。文章将授权用户对信道的占用过程模拟为连续时间马尔可夫过程。认知用户在限制其对授权用户的干扰影响条件下,利用等比缩减的策略对信道进行感知,提出一个最优频谱接入策略,提高频谱的利用率。 相似文献
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Cross-Layer Based Opportunistic MAC Protocols for QoS Provisionings Over Cognitive Radio Wireless Networks 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
Hang Su Xi Zhang 《Selected Areas in Communications, IEEE Journal on》2008,26(1):118-129
We propose the cross-layer based opportunistic multi-channel medium access control (MAC) protocols, which integrate the spectrum sensing at physical (PHY) layer with the packet scheduling at MAC layer, for the wireless ad hoc networks. Specifically, the MAC protocols enable the secondary users to identify and utilize the leftover frequency spectrum in a way that constrains the level of interference to the primary users. In our proposed protocols, each secondary user is equipped with two transceivers. One transceiver is tuned to the dedicated control channel, while the other is designed specifically as a cognitive radio that can periodically sense and dynamically use the identified un-used channels. To obtain the channel state accurately, we propose two collaborative channel spectrum-sensing policies, namely, the random sensing policy and the negotiation-based sensing policy, to help the MAC protocols detect the availability of leftover channels. Under the random sensing policy, each secondary user just randomly selects one of the channels for sensing. On the other hand, under the negotiation-based sensing policy, different secondary users attempt to select the distinct channels to sense by overhearing the control packets over the control channel. We develop the Markov chain model and the M/GY/1-based queueing model to characterize the performance of our proposed multi-channel MAC protocols under the two types of channel-sensing policies for the saturation network and the non-saturation network scenarios, respectively. In the non-saturation network case, we quantitatively identify the tradeoff between the aggregate traffic throughput and the packet transmission delay, which can provide the insightful guidelines to improve the delay-QoS provisionings over cognitive radio wireless networks. 相似文献
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In this paper, an enhanced cooperative, statistics-driven spectrum sensing algorithm, called Dynamically Optimized Spatiotemporal
Prioritization (DOSP), is developed for improving spectrum sensing efficiency in the media access control (MAC) layer of cognitive
radio (CR) systems. The target of the DOSP algorithm is to improve spectrum sensing efficiency and achieve better spectrum
access opportunities by prioritizing channels for fine sensing. The sensing priority is determined dynamically and intelligently
based on an optimal statistical fusion that jointly considers both the local statistics obtained by the individual cognitive
radios as well as the long-term spatiotemporal statistics obtained by other cognitive radios in the network. As such, the
individual cognitive radio peers work together to get the most out of available spectrum opportunities. Numerical results
demonstrate that the proposed DOSP algorithm is capable of achieving better performance compared with recently reported cooperative
spectrum sensing methods in terms of overhead and percentage of missed spectrum opportunities. Furthermore, results show that
the DOSP algorithm is more robust to the environment of low cognitive radio densities than that by using other state-of-the-art
cooperative spectrum sensing methods. 相似文献
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频谱分配技术是认知无线电的关键技术之一,为适应认知无线电系统的时变特性,频谱分配算法必须有较快的收敛速度。在干扰温度模型下,提出一种基于Kuhn-Munkras算法的认知无线电频谱分配策略。该策略利用Kuhn-Munkras算法可以实现最佳匹配并且收敛速度快的特性,根据不同的用户在不同信道上所产生的效益的差异性,实现认知用户和信道的最佳匹配。仿真表明,基于Kuhn-Munkras算法的频谱分配在性能上优于传统的配对算法和greedy算法。 相似文献
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The MAC protocol for a cognitive radio network should allow access to unused spectrum holes without (or with minimal) interference to incumbent system devices. To achieve this main goal, in this paper a distributed cognitive radio MAC (DCR‐MAC) protocol is proposed for wireless ad hoc networks that provides for the detection and protection of incumbent systems around the communication pair. DCR‐MAC operates over a separate common control channel and multiple data channels; hence, it is able to deal with dynamics of resource availability effectively in cognitive networks. A new type of hidden node problem is introduced that focuses on possible signal collisions between incumbent devices and cognitive radio ad hoc devices. To this end, a simple and efficient sensing information exchange mechanism between neighbor nodes with little overhead is proposed. In DCR‐MAC, each ad hoc node maintains a channel status table with explicit and implicit channel sensing methods. Before a data transmission, to select an optimal data channel, a reactive neighbor information exchange is carried out. Simulation results show that the proposed distributed cognitive radio MAC protocol can greatly reduce interference to the neighbor incumbent devices. A higher number of neighbor nodes leads to better protection of incumbent devices. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Decentralized cognitive MAC for opportunistic spectrum access in ad hoc networks: A POMDP framework 总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13
Zhao Q. Tong L. Swami A. Chen Y. 《Selected Areas in Communications, IEEE Journal on》2007,25(3):589-600
We propose decentralized cognitive MAC protocols that allow secondary users to independently search for spectrum opportunities without a central coordinator or a dedicated communication channel. Recognizing hardware and energy constraints, we assume that a secondary user may not be able to perform full-spectrum sensing or may not be willing to monitor the spectrum when it has no data to transmit. We develop an analytical framework for opportunistic spectrum access based on the theory of partially observable Markov decision process (POMDP). This decision-theoretic approach integrates the design of spectrum access protocols at the MAC layer with spectrum sensing at the physical layer and traffic statistics determined by the application layer of the primary network. It also allows easy incorporation of spectrum sensing error and constraint on the probability of colliding with the primary users. Under this POMDP framework, we propose cognitive MAC protocols that optimize the performance of secondary users while limiting the interference perceived by primary users. A suboptimal strategy with reduced complexity yet comparable performance is developed. Without additional control message exchange between the secondary transmitter and receiver, the proposed decentralized protocols ensure synchronous hopping in the spectrum between the transmitter and the receiver in the presence of collisions and spectrum sensing errors 相似文献