基于分数阶PIλDμ的船舶航向控制

船舶在海上航行时受到海风、海浪和海流等环境扰动作用,这造成在不同航速下船舶动力学模型的参数不确定性,本文对船舶本体运动和风浪流干扰进行建模,提出一种基于分数阶PIλDμ的抑制风浪干扰的的航向控制算法,并与传统 PID算法进行对比,针对某型船舶动力学模型在6级海风和5级海浪海况下进行对比数字仿真。仿真结果表明,该算法在不同航速下具有较好的控制品质和鲁棒性,对风浪干扰具有良好的适应性,可应用于船舶的航向控制,易于工程实现。     

基于分数阶PI~λD~μ的船舶航向控制

船舶在海上航行时受到海风、海浪和海流等环境扰动作用,这造成在不同航速下船舶动力学模型的参数不确定性,本文对船舶本体运动和风浪流干扰进行建模,提出一种基于分数阶PI~λD~μ的抑制风浪干扰的的航向控制算法,并与传统PID算法进行对比,针对某型船舶动力学模型在6级海风和5级海浪海况下进行对比数字仿真。仿真结果表明,该算法在不同航速下具有较好的控制品质和鲁棒性,对风浪干扰具有良好的适应性,可应用于船舶的航向控制,易于工程实现。     

不同航态下船舶运动规律仿真研究

主要根据波浪叠加理论,采用ITTC单参数标准海浪谱对随机海浪作用下船舶线性横摇、纵摇运动进行建模和仿真研究,探讨不同船型、各种航态(不同海况、不同航速、不同航向)下船舶横摇和纵摇运动规律,为进一步研究船舶的减摇预报与控制打下基础。     

基于扩张状态卡尔曼原理的海浪滤波算法

针对海浪干扰下船舶控制系统存在的无效舵问题以及风、流干扰下观测器存在的静差问题,提出一种基于扩张状态卡尔曼原理的海浪滤波算法。该方法首先对船舶一阶Nomoto模型进行离散化,基于带遗忘因子的最小二乘法对模型中的参数进行辨识;以海浪二阶传递函数与一阶Nomoto模型建立用于海浪滤波的四阶状态方程,并以Nomoto模型中环境干扰与未建模动态组成的综合干扰项为扩张状态建立五阶状态方程,基于卡尔曼滤波算法设计海浪滤波器,在实现海浪滤波的同时消除干扰环境下状态观测静差问题。仿真结果表明,本文提出的海浪滤波算法能够有效的滤除船舶航向的高频信号并正确的估计出船舶的运动状态,显著减少了船舶航行时的无效舵问题。     

船舶航向实时控制算法优化

针对原有船舶航向实时控制算法存在保航性能较差的问题,提出一种优化船舶航向实时控制算法。首先构建船舶数学运动模型,包括系统推进模型、系统舵机模型、纵移模型、横移模型以及运动首向模型。完成船舶数学运动模型的构建后,需要对模型的环境干扰量进行描述,包括海流、海浪等,在NED坐标系中分别建立海浪模型与海流模型等环境干扰量模型对环境干扰量进行描述。将支持向量机当做船舶航向实时控制的最优控制律,在最优控制律中引入参考状态,获取其约束条件与最优控制目标,实现船舶航向实时控制。为了证明优化船舶航向实时控制算法的保航性能较好,将原有船舶航向实时控制算法与优化船舶航向实时控制算法进行对比实验,结果证明优化船舶航向实时控制算法的保航性能优于原有算法。     

船舶航向保持中的混沌控制研究

大型船舶的航向控制是一个多变量、时滞性较大和非线性的动态过程,在海浪、海风等因素干扰下会呈现一种典型的混沌运动。本文系统介绍混沌控制理论和算法,结合船舶航向控制数学模型和Diffing方程,设计一种船舶航向的控制器,并利用Maltlab对该非线性控制器进行仿真。仿真结果表明,该船舶航向控制器具有良好的航向保持能力和鲁棒性。     

一种具有鲁棒性的海浪干扰滤波器

海浪干扰对船舶的航向输出具有很大的影响,而运用海浪滤波器可以有效地消除海浪干扰,提高船舶的控制品质.本文系统地研究了H∞滤波技术及其在海浪干扰处理中的应用,设计出了具有较强鲁棒性的海浪干扰滤波器,并通过MATLAB软件中的仿真工具Simulink对该滤波器进行了仿真研究.通过分析仿真结果可知,H∞滤波器的滤波效果比较稳定,估计精度较高,能够有效地减小打舵的幅值和次数,达到节能的目的.总的来说,设计的H∞海浪滤波器能够有效地消除海浪干扰,并具有较强的鲁棒性.     

基于NESO的潜艇航向滑模控制器设计

[目的]潜艇在复杂海况下进行水面航行时,为实现低噪操舵控制,[方法]采用潜艇水平面线性运动模型,并利用基于双幂次趋近律的滑模控制对参数变化和外部干扰不敏感、响应速度快、容易实现等优点,设计航向控制器。针对海浪干扰问题,利用非线性扩张状态观测器(NESO)设计海浪滤波器,用以补偿系统外部干扰。[结果]理论推导结果证明了航向滑模控制器的稳定性,并通过Matlab仿真结果验证了其良好的滤波效果。[结结论]研究结果表明,该航向滑模控制器在不同航速、不同海况、不同浪向下均可实现低噪、快速、高精度的航向控制性能。     

基于升摇效果分析新型船舶舵减摇潜力

为探究某新型船舶的舵减摇潜力,将该船舶的实际船体参数引入到船舶运动模型中,通过建立的Matlab仿真平台进行模拟仿真,观察船舶在不考虑海浪等环境干扰情况下,不同摆舵幅度和操舵频率对船舶横摇角的影响。根据横摇角的变化特点设计实验方案,探究该新型船舶在舵速限制下能产生的最大横摇角,分析船舶具备的舵减摇潜力。根据实验可知,通过合理的操舵策略,该船舶能够产生较大的横摇角,具备较好的舵减摇潜力。     

风力等效舵角及应用

船舶航行过程中,风力的干扰影响会致使船舶偏离计划航线,浪费能源,甚至对船舶造成危害。为改善船舶航向保持和航向跟踪的性能,可以对风力强度进行前馈控制;但是,至今对风力与等效舵角之间较准确的数量关系一直缺少了解。论文以三自由度船舶平面运动数学模型为基础,分析了在风干扰下的船舶运行状态,得出了风力等效舵角的机理型计算公式。通过对仿真实验结果的分析可知,将状态反馈控制与利用风力等效舵角的前馈控制相结合,组成的航向复合控制是可行的。     

33rd International Conference on Ocean,Offshore and Arctic Engineering （OMAE2014）

正San Francisco,California,June 8-13,2014.OMAE 2014 is the ideal forum for researchers,engineers,managers,technicians and students from the scientific and industrial communities from around the world to:·meet and present advances in technology and its scientific support;·to exchange ideas and experiences whilst promoting technological progress and its application in industry·to promote international cooperation in ocean,offshore and arctic engineering.In line with the tradition of excellence of previous OMAE conferences,more than 900 technical papers are planned for presentation.Outreach for Engineers Specialty Forum This Specialty Forum is designed for students and professionals who may not be familiar with the Ocean and Offshore industry,as well as those who have just recently specialized in this field.     

Errata

正In the paper"Influence of Fouling Assemblage on the Corrosion Behaviour of Mild Steel in the Coastal Waters of The Gulf of Mannar,India"in Vol.12,No.4,Page:509,References were lost,and the two authors’biographies were identical.The correct text is shown below.We apologize to the authors and our readers for any inconvenience caused by the errors.     

Journal of Marine Science and Application 2014 Sum. Contents

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联合作战计划和执行系统

全球指挥控制系统(GCCS)实施当前美国海军网络中心战信息基础设施的联合计划网络。联合作战计划和执行系统(JOPES)支持GCCS实现联合计划。JOPES有两类计划：时间不限的精密预案计划生成作战计划、方案计划或职能计划；时间敏感的危机行动计划生成作战命令或战役方案。前者在和平时期创建的作战计划是后者的计划基础，加速应付危机的能力。     

Recent progress on wave induced loading measurements in warships

Recent measurements of wave induced hull strain and flexure in RN warships are presented together with the derivation of the current design criteria for extreme hull girder bending loads. The history of the development of the shipboard instrumentation used is given and recent developments to improve the quality and ease of analysis of the data are described. An unexpectedly high transverse asymmetry in the longitudinal strains measured in destroyers is shown to be the result of a combination of vertical and lateral bending in oblique seas. Finally recent theoretical comparisons between the loading of Deep-Vee hulls and conventional UK rounded bilge hulls are presented which demonstrate the higher loading experienced by this type of hull form.     

The 11th International Conference on Hydrodynamics (ICHD 2014)

正19–24 October 2014 SingaporeCONFERENCE THEMES The overall aim of the ICHD Conference is to provide a forum for participants from around the world to review,discuss and present the latest developments in the broad discipline of hydrodynamics and fluid mechanics.The first International Conference on Hydrodynamics(ICHD)was initiated in 1994 in Wuxi,China.Since then,9 more ICHD conferences were held subsequently in Hong Kong,Seoul,Yokohama,Tainan,Perth,Ischia,Nantes,Shanghai and St Petersburg.Evidently the ICHD conference has become an important event among academics,researchers,engineers and operators,working in the fields closely related to the science and technology of hydrodynamics.The 11th ICHD will be held in Singapore in 2014.     

第十二届深水操作会议和展览会(英文)

正November 4-6,2014Moody Gardens HotelConvention Center/Galveston,TX The Deepwater Operations Conference and Exhibition is celebrating its 12th anniversary this year.This growing event will continue the tradition of excellence in addressing operational challenges involved in developing deepwater resources.We will return to the Moody Gardens Hotel and Convention Center on November 5-7,2014 in Galveston,Texas.     

Eastbound or westbound ?

In terms of equal sailing distances, where is the inflexion when ships depart from ports in the Asian Continent to New York via Suez and/or Panama？
The answer is China South Port Group （Hong Kong, Shenzhen and Guangzhou）.     

Impact of regulation on the performances of long-distance transport services: A comparison of the different approaches in Sweden and Norway

Despite the many socio-economic similarities between Sweden and Norway, differences in jurisdiction, organisation, cooperation, and financing of long-distance passenger train and coach services have led to the development of four distinctively different ways of serving the markets. This paper describes how the train and coach markets have developed in the two countries, with emphasis on regulatory and industrial structure and a couple of performance variables.Looking at passenger rail, both countries separated infrastructure from operation over a decade ago. However, while Norwegian rail is characterised by an almost monopoly supplier, rail services in Sweden are partly decentralised to the responsibility of county authorities and are widely subjected to competitive tendering. The rest of the network is about to be opened up for on-the-track competition. Swedish Rail (SJ) has spent the last decades consolidating its core business (passenger rail) and sold out its other businesses. In contrast, the Norwegian state rail (NSB) has expanded its business to become a major bus operator and property owner, with extensions also into the Swedish market.The coach industry was more recently deregulated in both countries. The Swedish coach market is dominated by privately owned companies operating services to and from Stockholm. In Norway, state-owned NSB is a major coach operator on medium distance routes, and is also the largest partner of Nor-Way Bussekspress which totally dominates long-distance coach services. Further, the Norwegian coach market is characterised by cross-ownership and cooperation which has enabled an extensive route network which covers most of Norway.We find distinct differences in achievements in the two modes and in the two countries. Swedish rail services have succeeded in winning market shares and in renewing and developing both infrastructure and service levels to a greater extent than the Norwegian model. On the other hand, the Norwegian coach market seems to be more developed and efficient compared to its Swedish counterpart.The paper concludes with a discussion on the possible links between the different approaches and the performance observed, with the aim to stimulate further and more detailed research on some important issues.     

某海港码头的撞损修复

依据码头撞击受损区域调查检测结果,对受损构件提出合理的修复方案,为码头的安全运行提供保障。